通过设置SO_LINGER套接字选项导致连接被关闭时在TCP套接字上发送一个RST。
/*client*/
int main(int argc, char **argv){
int sockfd;
struct linger ling;
struct sockaddr_in servaddr;
if (argc != 2){
printf("usage : tcpcli <IPAddress>");
return 0;
}
sockfd = sockrt(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
bzero(&servaddr, sizeof(servaddr));
servaddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
servaddr.sin_port = htone(SERV_PORT);
inet_pton(AF_INET, argv[1], &servaddr.sin_addr);
connect(sockfd, (SA*)&servaddr, sizeof(servaddr));
ling.l_onoff = 1;
ling.l_linger = 0;
setsockopt(sockfd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_LINGER, &ling, sizeof(ling));
close(sockfd);
return 0;
}
/*server*/
int main(int argc, char **argv){
int i, maxi, maxfd, listenfd, connfd, sockfd;
int nreadt, client[FD_SETSIZE];
ssize_t n;
fd_set rset, allset;
char line[MAXLINE];
socklen_t clilen;
struct sockaddr_in cliaddr, servaddr;
listenfd = socket(AF_INT, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
bzero(&servaddr, sizeof(servaddr));
servaddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
servaddr.sin_port = htons(SERV_PORT);
servaddr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);
bind(listenfd, (SA*)&servaddr, sizeof(servaddr));
listen(listenfd, LISTENQ);
maxfd = listenfd;
maxi = -1;
for (i = 0; i < FD_SETSIZE; i++){
client[i] = -1;
}
FD_ZERO(&allset);
FD_SET(listenfd, &allset);
for (;;){
rset = allset;
nready = select(maxfd+1, &rset, NULL, NULL, NULL);
if (FD_ISSET(listenfd, &rset)){
printf("listening socket readable\n");
sleep(5);
clilen = sizeof(cliaddr);
connfd = accept(listenfd, (SA*)&cliaddr, &clilen);
for (i = 0; i < FD_SETSIZE; i++){
if (client[i] < 0){
client[i] = connfd;
break;
}
}
if (i == FD_SETSIZE)
return 1; //too many clients
FD_SET(connfd, &allset);
if (connfd > maxfd)
maxfd = connfd;
if (i > maxi)
maxi = i;
if (--nready <= 0)
continue;
}
for (i = 0; i <= maxi; i++) {
if ( (sockfd = client[i]) < 0 )
continue;
if (FD_ISSET(sockfd, &rset)) {
if ( (n = readline(sockfd, line, MAXLINE)) ==0){
close(sockfd);
FD_CLR(sockfd, &allset);
client[i] = -1;
}
writen(sockfd, line, n);
if (--nready <= 0)
break;
}
}
}
}
考虑如上的客户端-服务器通信程序,流程如下:
- 客户建立一个连接并随后终止它
- select向服务器进程返回可读条件,不过服务器要过一小段时间才调用accept
- 在服务器从select返回到调用accept期间,服务器TCP收到来自客户的RST
- 这个已完成的连接被服务器TCP驱除队列,我们假设队列中没有其它已完成的连接
- 服务器调用accept 但是由于没有任何已完成的连接,服务器于是阻塞