本项目是学习B站黑马C++课程的项目
项目简介
本项目使用C++的多态实现一个简易的职工管理系统
其中抽象基类为:Worker类,包含纯虚函数 显示个人信息showInfo() 和 获取岗位名称getDeptName(); 还包含3个属性,分别是职工编号:m_Id、职工姓名:m_Name、部门编号:m_DeptId
基于抽象基类-抽象员工类派生出3个派生类:普通职工类(Employee),经理类(Manager)和老板类(Boss);使用多态重写基类中的2个纯虚函数供后续调用
项目功能
如图,实现8个功能
项目结构
项目代码
文件结构
"worker.h"
#pragma once
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <iomanip> //输出流格式控制头文件
using namespace std;
//抽象职工类
class Worker
{
public:
//显示个人信息-纯虚函数
virtual void showInfo() = 0;
//获取岗位名称-纯虚函数
virtual string getDeptName() = 0;
//职工编号
int m_Id;
//职工姓名
string m_Name;
//部门编号
int m_DeptId;
};
"employee.h"
//普通员工文件
#pragma once
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
#include "worker.h"
class Employee :public Worker
{
public:
//构造函数
Employee(int id,string name,int dId);
//显示个人信息-纯虚函数
virtual void showInfo();
//获取岗位名称-纯虚函数
virtual string getDeptName();
};
"manager.h"
//经理文件
#pragma once
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
#include "worker.h"
class Manager :public Worker
{
public:
//构造函数
Manager(int id, string name, int dId);
//显示个人信息-纯虚函数
virtual void showInfo();
//获取岗位名称-纯虚函数
virtual string getDeptName();
};
"boss.h"
//老板文件
#pragma once
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
#include "worker.h"
class Boss :public Worker
{
public:
//构造函数
Boss(int id, string name, int dId);
//显示个人信息-纯虚函数
virtual void showInfo();
//获取岗位名称-纯虚函数
virtual string getDeptName();
};
"workerManager.h"
#pragma once //避免头文件被重复包含
#include <iostream> //包含输入输出流头文件
using namespace std; //使用标准命名空间
#include "worker.h"
#include "boss.h"
#include "employee.h"
#include "manager.h"
#include <fstream>
#define FILENAME "empFile.txt"
//#define MAXLEN 100
class WorkerManager
{
public:
//构造函数
WorkerManager();
//展示菜单
void Show_Menu();
//0.退出管理程序
void ExitSystem();
//记录职工人数
int m_EmpNum;
//职工数组指针-数组中存放的是各个工种对象的指针,且数组开辟在堆区,所以使用2重指针
Worker** m_EmpArray;
//判断文件是否为空
bool m_FileIsEmpty = false;
//1.增加职工信息
void Add_Emp();
//保存文件
void save();
//员工初始化
void init_Emp();
//2.显示职工信息
void show_Emp();
//判断职工是否存在-根据id
int IsExist(int id);
//判断职工是否存在-根据name
int* IsExist_Name(string name);
//3.删除职工
void Del_Emp();
//4.修改职工信息
void Mod_Emp();
//5.查找职工
void Find_Emp();
//6.排序职工
void Sort_Emp();
//7.清空文件
void Clean_File();
//统计文件中人数
int get_EmpNum();
//析构函数
~WorkerManager();
};
"employee.cpp"
#include "employee.h"
//构造函数
Employee::Employee(int id, string name, int dId)
{
this->m_Id = id;
this->m_Name = name;
this->m_DeptId = dId;
}
//显示个人信息-纯虚函数
void Employee::showInfo()
{
cout << left << setw(10) << "职工编号: " << left << setw(9) << this->m_Id
<< left << setw(10) << "职工姓名: " << left << setw(9) << this->m_Name
<< left << setw(6) << "岗位: " << left << setw(9) << this->getDeptName()
<< "岗位职责: 完成经理交给的任务" << endl;
}
//获取岗位名称-纯虚函数
string Employee::getDeptName()
{
return string("员工");
}
"manager.cpp"
#include "manager.h"
//构造函数
Manager::Manager(int id, string name, int dId)
{
this->m_Id = id;
this->m_Name = name;
this->m_DeptId = dId;
}
//显示个人信息-纯虚函数
void Manager::showInfo()
{
cout << left << setw(10) << "职工编号: " << left << setw(9) << this->m_Id
<< left << setw(10) << "职工姓名: " << left << setw(9) << this->m_Name
<< left << setw(6) << "岗位: " << left << setw(9) << this->getDeptName()
<< "岗位职责: 完成老板的任务,给员工下达任务" << endl;
}
//获取岗位名称-纯虚函数
string Manager::getDeptName()
{
return string("经理");
}
"boss.cpp"
#include "boss.h"
//构造函数
Boss::Boss(int id, string name, int dId)
{
this->m_Id = id;
this->m_Name = name;
this->m_DeptId = dId;
}
//显示个人信息-纯虚函数
void Boss::showInfo()
{
cout << left << setw(10) << "职工编号: " << left << setw(9) << this->m_Id
<< left << setw(10) << "职工姓名: " << left << setw(9) << this->m_Name
<< left << setw(6) << "岗位: " << left << setw(9) << this->getDeptName()
<< "岗位职责: 管理整个公司,给经理下达任务" << endl;
}
//获取岗位名称-纯虚函数
string Boss::getDeptName()
{
return string("老板");
}
"workerManager.cpp"
#include "workerManager.h"
WorkerManager:: WorkerManager()
{
//1.文件不存在
ifstream ifs; //读取文件,从文件往外面输入
ifs.open(FILENAME, ios::in); //读文件
if (!ifs.is_open())
{
//cout << "文件不存在" << endl;
//初始化属性
//初始化记录人数
this->m_EmpNum = 0;
//初始化数组指针
this->m_EmpArray = NULL;
//初始化文件是否为空
this->m_FileIsEmpty = true;
ifs.close();
return;
}
//2.文件存在,但是为空
char ch;
ifs >> ch;
if (ifs.eof())
{
//cout << "文件为空" << endl;
//初始化属性
//初始化记录人数
this->m_EmpNum = 0;
//初始化数组指针
this->m_EmpArray = NULL;
//初始化文件是否为空
this->m_FileIsEmpty = true;
ifs.close();
return;
}
//3.文件存在,且存有数据
int num = this->get_EmpNum();
//cout << "职工人数为: " << num << endl;
this->m_EmpNum = num;
//初始化对象指针数组-开个存放数组的空间
this->m_EmpArray = new Worker * [this->m_EmpNum];
//根据文件内容创建对应的对象指针填入指针数组中
this->init_Emp();
}
//展示菜单
void WorkerManager::Show_Menu()
{
cout << "*******************************************" << endl;
cout << "********** 欢迎使用职工管理系统! **********" << endl;
cout << "************* 0.退出管理程序 **************" << endl;
cout << "************* 1.增加职工信息 **************" << endl;
cout << "************* 2.显示职工信息 **************" << endl;
cout << "************* 3.删除离职职工 **************" << endl;
cout << "************* 4.修改职工信息 **************" << endl;
cout << "************* 5.查找职工信息 **************" << endl;
cout << "************* 6.按照编号排序 **************" << endl;
cout << "************* 7.清空所有文档 **************" << endl;
cout << endl;
}
//0.退出管理程序
void WorkerManager::ExitSystem()
{
cout << "欢迎下次使用" << endl;
system("pause");
exit(0);
}
//1.增加职工信息
void WorkerManager::Add_Emp()
{
cout << "请输入添加职工的数量: " << endl;
int addNum = 0; // 保存用户的输入数量
cin >> addNum;
if (addNum > 0)
{
//添加
//计算添加新空间的大小
int newSize = this->m_EmpNum + addNum; //新空间人数=原来记录人数+新增人数
//开辟新空间
Worker** newSpace = new Worker* [newSize];
//将原来空间下数据,拷贝到新空间下
if (this->m_EmpArray != NULL)
{
for (int i = 0; i < this->m_EmpNum; i++)
{
//newSpace[i] = this->m_EmpArray[i];
*(newSpace + i) = *(this->m_EmpArray + i); //-------------------------------------------------------------
}
}
//批量添加新数据
for (int i = 0; i < addNum; i++)
{
int id; //职工编号
string name; // 职工姓名
int dSelect; //部门选择
cout << "请输入第 " << i + 1 << " 个新员工的编号: " << endl;
cin >> id;
//判断是否已经有这个编号的职工存在
while (1)
{
if (this->IsExist(id) == -1)
{
break;
}
else
{
cout << "已经存在编号为: " << id << " 的职工!" << endl;
cout << "请重新输入员工编号: " << endl;
cin >> id;
}
}
cout << "请输入第 " << i + 1 << " 个新员工的姓名: " << endl;
cin >> name;
cout << "请选择该职工的岗位: " << endl;
cout << "1、普通职工" << endl;
cout << "2、经理" << endl;
cout << "3、老板" << endl;
cin >> dSelect;
Worker* worker = NULL;
switch (dSelect)
{
case 1:
worker = new Employee(id, name, 1);
break;
case 2:
worker = new Manager(id, name, 2);
break;
case 3:
worker = new Boss(id, name, 3);
break;
default:
break;
}
//将获取的职工对象指针,保存到新数组后面
//newSpace[this->m_EmpNum + i] = worker;
*(newSpace + this->m_EmpNum + i) = worker; //--------------------------------------------------------------
}
//释放原有空间
delete[] this->m_EmpArray;
//更改新空间的指向
this->m_EmpArray = newSpace;
//更新新的职工人数
this->m_EmpNum = newSize;
//保存到文件中
this->save();
//提示成功添加
cout << "成功添加 " << addNum << " 名新员工" << endl;
//更新职工不为空标志
this->m_FileIsEmpty = false;
}
else
{
cout << "输入有误!" << endl;
}
//按任意键后清屏
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
//保存文件
void WorkerManager::save()
{
ofstream ofs; //向文件内输出,out file stream
ofs.open(FILENAME,ios::out); //写文件
for (int i = 0; i < m_EmpNum; i++)
{
ofs << this->m_EmpArray[i]->m_Id << " "
<< this->m_EmpArray[i]->m_Name << " "
<< this->m_EmpArray[i]->m_DeptId << " " << endl;
}
//关闭文件
ofs.close();
}
//统计文件中人数
int WorkerManager::get_EmpNum()
{
ifstream ifs;
ifs.open(FILENAME, ios::in); //读文件
int id;
string name;
int dId;
int num = 0;
while (ifs >> id && ifs >> name && ifs >> dId)
{
//统计人数变量
num++;
}
return num;
}
//员工初始化
void WorkerManager::init_Emp()
{
ifstream ifs;
ifs.open(FILENAME, ios::in);
int id;
string name;
int dId;
int index = 0;
while (ifs >> id && ifs >> name && ifs >> dId)
{
Worker* worker = NULL;
if (dId == 1) //普通员工
{
worker = new Employee(id, name, dId);
}
if (dId == 2) //经理
{
worker = new Manager(id, name, dId);
}
if (dId == 3) //老板
{
worker = new Boss(id, name, dId);
}
this->m_EmpArray[index] = worker;
index++;
}
//关闭文件
ifs.close();
}
//2.显示职工信息
void WorkerManager::show_Emp()
{
if (this->m_FileIsEmpty)
{
cout << "文件不存在或者文件为空" << endl;
}
else
{
for (int i = 0; i < this->m_EmpNum; i++)
{
//利用多态调用程序接口
this->m_EmpArray[i]->showInfo();
}
}
//按任意键清屏
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
//判断职工是否存在-根据id
int WorkerManager::IsExist(int id)
{
int index = -1;
for (int i = 0; i < this->m_EmpNum; i++)
{
if (this->m_EmpArray[i]->m_Id == id)
{
index = i;
break;
}
}
return index;
}
//判断职工是否存在-根据name
int* WorkerManager::IsExist_Name(string name)
{
int len = 0;
int* index = NULL;
for (int i = 0; i < this->m_EmpNum; i++)
{
if (this->m_EmpArray[i]->m_Name == name)
{
len++;
}
}
if (len != 0)
{
index = new int[len];
int j = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < this->m_EmpNum; i++)
{
if (this->m_EmpArray[i]->m_Name == name)
{
index[j] = i;
j++;
}
}
}
return index;
}
//3.删除职工
void WorkerManager::Del_Emp()
{
if (this->m_FileIsEmpty)
{
cout << "文件不存在或文件为空" << endl;
}
else
{
//按照职工编号删除
cout << "请输入想要删除职工的编号" << endl;
int id = 0;
cin >> id;
int index = this->IsExist(id);
if (index != -1) //职工存在
{
for (int i = index; i < this->m_EmpNum - 1; i++)
{
this->m_EmpArray[i] = this->m_EmpArray[i + 1]; //循环前移
}
this->m_EmpNum--; // 更新数组中记录的人数
//更新到文件中
this->save();
cout << "删除成功" << endl;
}
else
{
cout << "职工不存在!" << endl;
}
}
//按任意键清屏
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
//4.修改职工信息
void WorkerManager::Mod_Emp()
{
if (this->m_FileIsEmpty)
{
cout << "文件不存在或文件为空" << endl;
}
else
{
int id = 0;
cout << "请输入需要修改职工的编号: " << endl;
cin >> id;
int index = this->IsExist(id);
if (index != -1)
{
//查找到需要修改的员工
delete this->m_EmpArray[index];
int newId = 0;
string newName = "";
int newDid = 0;
cout << "查找到 " << id << " 号职工,请输入新职工号: " << endl;
cin >> newId;
cout << "请输入新职工姓名: " << endl;
cin >> newName;
cout << "请选择职工的新岗位: " << endl;
cout << "1、职工" << endl;
cout << "2、经理" << endl;
cout << "3、老板" << endl;
cin >> newDid;
Worker* worker = NULL;
switch (newDid)
{
case 1:
worker = new Employee(newId, newName, newDid);
break;
case 2:
worker = new Manager(newId, newName, newDid);
break;
case 3:
worker = new Boss(newId, newName, newDid);
break;
default:
break;
}
//更新数据到数组中
this->m_EmpArray[index] = worker;
cout << "修改成功" << endl;
//保存到文件
this->save();
}
else
{
cout << "职工不存在" << endl;
}
}
//按任意键清屏
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
//5.查找职工
void WorkerManager::Find_Emp()
{
if (this->m_FileIsEmpty)
{
cout << "文件不存在或文件为空" << endl;
}
else
{
int findMethod = 0;
cout << "请选择查找方式: " << endl;
cout << "1、按编号id查询" << endl;
cout << "2、按姓名name查询" << endl;
cin >> findMethod;
if (findMethod == 1)
{
//按照编号查询
int id = 0;
int index = 0;
cout << "请输入要查询的职工编号: " << endl;
cin >> id;
index = this->IsExist(id);
if (index != -1)
{
cout << "查询到编号为: " << id << " 的职工,信息如下:" << endl;
this->m_EmpArray[index]->showInfo();
}
else
{
cout << "不存在编号为: " << id << " 的职工" << endl;
}
}
else if (findMethod == 2)
{
//按照姓名查询
string name = "";
int* ret = NULL;
cout << "请输入要查询的职工姓名: " << endl;
cin >> name;
ret = this->IsExist_Name(name); //符合姓名的对象数组下标组成的数组,开辟在堆区
//求ret数组的长度
int len = _msize(ret) / sizeof(ret[0]);
if (ret != NULL)
{
cout << "查询到姓名为: " << name << " 的职工,信息如下:" << endl;
for (int i = 0; i < len; i++)
{
this->m_EmpArray[ret[i]]->showInfo();
}
//手动释放在堆区开辟的空间
delete [] ret;
ret = NULL;
}
else
{
cout << "不存在姓名为: " << name << " 的职工" << endl;
}
}
else
{
cout << "输入有误,请输入1或者2" << endl;
}
}
//按任意键清屏
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
//6.排序职工
void WorkerManager::Sort_Emp()
{
if (this->m_FileIsEmpty)
{
cout << "文件不存在或文件为空" << endl;
//按任意键清屏
system("pause");
system("cls");
return;
}
else
{
cout << "请选择排序方式: " << endl;
cout << "1、升序" << endl;
cout << "2、降序" << endl;
int select = 0;
cin >> select;
for (int i = 0; i < this->m_EmpNum - 1; i++) //选择排序进行len-1趟单排
{
int minOrMax = i; //声明最小值 或 最大值下标
for (int j = i + 1; j < this->m_EmpNum; j++) //从第趟数个元素开始找,直到最后一个元素
{
if (select == 1) //升序
{
if (this->m_EmpArray[minOrMax]->m_Id > this->m_EmpArray[j]->m_Id)
{
minOrMax = j;
}
}
else //降序
{
if (this->m_EmpArray[minOrMax]->m_Id < this->m_EmpArray[j]->m_Id)
{
minOrMax = j;
}
}
}
//判断一开始认定 最小值或最大值 是不是 计算的最小值或最大值,如果不是 交换数据
if (i != minOrMax)
{
Worker* temp = this->m_EmpArray[i];
this->m_EmpArray[i] = this->m_EmpArray[minOrMax];
this->m_EmpArray[minOrMax] = temp;
}
}
}
cout << "排序成功!排序后的结果为: " << endl;
this->save(); //保存到文件中
this->show_Emp();
}
//7.清空文件
void WorkerManager::Clean_File()
{
cout << "确定清空吗?" << endl;
cout << "1、确定" << endl;
cout << "2、返回" << endl;
int select = 0;
cin >> select;
if (select == 1)
{
//清空文件 trunc方式,如果存在同名文件,就删除后再创建空的同名文件
ofstream ofs(FILENAME, ios::trunc);
ofs.close();
if (this->m_EmpArray != NULL)
{
//删除堆区的每个职工对象
for (int i = 0; i < this->m_EmpNum; i++)
{
delete this->m_EmpArray[i];
this->m_EmpArray[i] = NULL;
}
//删除堆区的数组指针
delete[] this->m_EmpArray;
this->m_EmpArray = NULL;
this->m_EmpNum = 0;
this->m_FileIsEmpty = true;
}
cout << "清空成功" << endl;
}
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
WorkerManager::~WorkerManager()
{
//手动释放堆区开辟的空间
if (this->m_EmpArray != NULL)
{
for (int i = 0; i < this->m_EmpNum; i++)
{
if (this->m_EmpArray[i] != NULL)
{
delete this->m_EmpArray[i];
this->m_EmpArray[i] = NULL;
}
}
delete[] this->m_EmpArray;
this->m_EmpArray = NULL;
}
}
"main.cpp"
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
#include "workerManager.h"
int main()
{
//实例化一个管理者对象
WorkerManager wm;
int choice = 0; //用户选项
while (1)
{
//显示菜单
wm.Show_Menu();
cout << "请输入您的选择: " << endl;
cin >> choice; //接收用户的选项
switch (choice)
{
case 0: //退出系统
wm.ExitSystem();
break;
case 1: //增加职工
wm.Add_Emp();
break;
case 2: //显示职工
wm.show_Emp();
break;
case 3: //删除职工
wm.Del_Emp();
break;
case 4: //修改职工
wm.Mod_Emp();
break;
case 5: //查找职工
wm.Find_Emp();
break;
case 6: //排序职工
wm.Sort_Emp();
break;
case 7: //清空文档
wm.Clean_File();
break;
default:
system("cls"); //清屏
break;
}
}
system("pause");
return 0;
}
//ANSI编码格式可用