一、Looper检测卡顿
熟悉Handler机制的话,我们会知道Looper是给线程提供处理消息能力的类,在Android Framework启动的时候,就会创建一个Main Looper即主线程对应的Looper,Looper中会维护一个MessageQueue,负责接收Handler发送过来的消息,MessageQueue是个消息队列,它是顺序取消息的,只有取完一个任务才会接着取另外一个任务。
查看Looper的源码后就可以发现我们可以使用Looper的looper方法来进行检测。因为UI更新界面都是在主线程中进行的,所以在主线程中做耗时操作可能会造成界面卡顿,looper()方法循环去从MessageQueue中去取msg,然后执行,而且是顺序执行的,那么前面一个msg还没处理完,loop()就会等待它处理完了才会再去执行下一个msg,如果前面一个msg处理很慢,那就会造成卡顿了。
二、使用Looper检测性能原理
Looper的looper方法源码如下(涉及性能部分的代码已经加粗):
/**
* Run the message queue in this thread. Be sure to call
* {@link #quit()} to end the loop.
*/
public static void loop() {
final Looper me = myLooper();
if (me == null) {
throw new RuntimeException("No Looper; Looper.prepare() wasn't called on this thread.");
}
final MessageQueue queue = me.mQueue;
// Make sure the identity of this thread is that of the local process,
// and keep track of what that identity token actually is.
Binder.clearCallingIdentity();
final long ident = Binder.clearCallingIdentity();
// Allow overriding a threshold with a system prop. e.g.
// adb shell 'setprop log.looper.1000.main.slow 1 && stop && start'
final int thresholdOverride =
SystemProperties.getInt("log.looper."
+ Process.myUid() + "."
+ Thread.currentThread().getName()
+ ".slow", 0);
boolean slowDeliveryDetected = false;
for (;;) {
Message msg = queue.next(); // might block
if (msg == null) {
// No message indicates that the message queue is quitting.
return;
}
// This must be in a local variable, in case a UI event sets the logger
final Printer logging = me.mLogging;
if (logging != null) {
logging.println(">>>>> Dispatching to " + msg.target + " " + msg.callback + ": " + msg.what);
}
final long traceTag = me.mTraceTag;
long slowDispatchThresholdMs = me.mSlowDispatchThresholdMs;
long slowDeliveryThresholdMs = me.mSlowDeliveryThresholdMs;
if (thresholdOverride > 0) {
slowDispatchThresholdMs = thresholdOverride;
slowDeliveryThresholdMs = thresholdOverride;
}
final boolean logSlowDelivery = (slowDeliveryThresholdMs > 0) && (msg.when > 0);
final boolean logSlowDispatch = (slowDispatchThresholdMs > 0);
final boolean needStartTime = logSlowDelivery || logSlowDispatch;
final boolean needEndTime = logSlowDispatch;
if (traceTag != 0 && Trace.isTagEnabled(traceTag)) {
Trace.traceBegin(traceTag, msg.target.getTraceName(msg));
}
final long dispatchStart = needStartTime ? SystemClock.uptimeMillis() : 0;
final long dispatchEnd;
try {
msg.target.dispatchMessage(msg);
dispatchEnd = needEndTime ? SystemClock.uptimeMillis() : 0;
} finally {
if (traceTag != 0) {
Trace.traceEnd(traceTag);
}
}
if (logSlowDelivery) {
if (slowDeliveryDetected) {
if ((dispatchStart - msg.when) <= 10) {
Slog.w(TAG, "Drained");
slowDeliveryDetected = false;
}
} else {
if (showSlowLog(slowDeliveryThresholdMs, msg.when, dispatchStart, "delivery",
msg)) {
// Once we write a slow delivery log, suppress until the queue drains.
slowDeliveryDetected = true;
}
}
}
if (logSlowDispatch) {
showSlowLog(slowDispatchThresholdMs, dispatchStart, dispatchEnd, "dispatch", msg);
}
if (logging != null) {
logging.println("<<<<< Finished to " + msg.target + " " + msg.callback);
}
// Make sure that during the course of dispatching the
// identity of the thread wasn't corrupted.
final long newIdent = Binder.clearCallingIdentity();
if (ident != newIdent) {
Log.wtf(TAG, "Thread identity changed from 0x"
+ Long.toHexString(ident) + " to 0x"
+ Long.toHexString(newIdent) + " while dispatching to "
+ msg.target.getClass().getName() + " "
+ msg.callback + " what=" + msg.what);
}
msg.recycleUnchecked();
}
}
首先看到在msg.target.dispatchMessage(msg)方法前面会有一个日志打印:
final Printer logging = me.mLogging;
if (logging != null) {
logging.println(">>>>> Dispatching to " + msg.target + " " + msg.callback + ": " + msg.what);
}
在处理完消息的时候,又会有一个结束的日志打印:
if (logging != null) {
logging.println("<<<<< Finished to " + msg.target + " " + msg.callback);
}
看到这里,我们就知道可以通过Looper中的setMessageLogging()方法进行设置。
public void setMessageLogging(@Nullable Printer printer) {
mLogging = printer;
}
比较出名的 BlockCanary 检测性能的框架就是基于此实现的。
/**
* Start monitoring.
*/
public void start() {
if (!mMonitorStarted) {
mMonitorStarted = true;
Looper.getMainLooper().setMessageLogging(mBlockCanaryCore.monitor);
}
}
下图就是 BlockCanary 框架实现性能监测的逻辑图: