Hacking Secrets Exposed Chapter1-介绍

I bet most of you are really excited to get started,But,before we actually move on to learning how to hack,let us begin to understand what hacking really means.

我打赌你们大多数人开始会很兴奋，但是，在我们真正学习如何破解之前，让我们开始了解黑客的真实意义。

WHAT IS HACKING?

黑客是什么呢？

In the field of computer security,hacking simply refers to the act of exploiting the weakness that exists in a computer system or a computer network.

在计算机安全领域，黑客是利用操作系统或网络的漏洞的一种行为。

In other works,a hacker is someone who has developed a deeper interest  in understanding how the computer system or the software program works,so that he can take control of the computer by exploiting any of the existing vulnerabilities in it.

在其它方面，一个黑客对操作系统或软件工程有浓厚兴趣的人，所以能利用任何存在的缺陷控制电脑。

HACKER CLASSIFICATION

黑客类型 

Based on the attitude and skill level they possess,hackers are classified into the following types:

基于他们拥有的态度和技能水平,黑客分成下面几类：

• White Hat Hacker: A white hat hacker (also known as ethical hacker) is someone who uses his skills only for defensive purposes such as penetration testing. These type of hackers are often hired by many organizations in order to ensure the security of their information systems. 

• 白帽子黑客: 一个白帽子黑客 (也称道德黑客) 利用技能仅做防御性目的，比如渗透测试. 这类型黑客通常受雇于许多机构，以确保他们信息系统的安全。
• Black Hat Hacker: A black hat hacker (also known as cracker) is someone who always uses his skills for offensive purposes. The intention of black hat hackers is to gain money or take personal revenge by causing damage to information systems.

• 黑帽子黑客: 一个黑帽子黑客 (也称骇客) 利用技能以攻击性为目的，意图是通过对信息系统造成损害来获得金钱或进行个人报复。

• Grey Hat Hacker: A grey hat hacker is someone who falls in between the white hat and black hat category. This type of hacker may use his skills both for defensive and offensive purposes.
• 灰帽子黑客: 一个灰帽子黑客是介于白帽和黑帽之间的，这种类型的黑客使用他的技能来防御和攻击。
  
• Script Kiddie: A script kiddie is a wannabe hacker. These are the ones who lack the
  knowledge of how a computer system really works but use ready-made programs,
  tools and scripts to break into computers.
  
• 脚本小子：一个脚本小子是一个自封的黑客。这些人不知道计算机系统是如何工作，而是使用现成的程序，工具和脚本入侵计算机。

ESSENTIAL TERMINOLOGIES

基本术语

Before proceeding further, the following are some of the essential terminologies in the

field of hacking that one should be aware of:

在进一步行动之前，下面是黑客领域中应该注意的一些基本术语：

• Vulnerability: A vulnerability is an existing weakness that can allow the attacker to compromise the security of the system.
• 漏洞： 漏洞是已经存在的弱点，它可以让攻击者危及系统的安全。
• Exploit: An exploit is a defined way (piece of software, set of commands etc.) that
  takes advantage of an existing vulnerability to breach the security of an IT system.
  
• 开发：开发是一种定义的方法（软件的一部份，命令集等），利用现有的漏洞来破坏IT系统的安全性。
• Threat: A threat is a possible danger that can exploit an existing vulnerability to
  cause possible harm.
  
• 威胁：威胁是一种可能的危险，它可以利用现有的漏洞造成可能的伤害。
• Attack: An attack is any action that violates the security of the system. In other
  words, it is an assault on the system security that is derived from an existing threat.
  
• 攻击：攻击是任何违反系统安全性的行为。也就是说，这是对来自现有威胁系统安全的攻击。

HACKING FAQS

黑客常见问题

Here is a small list of some of the frequently asked questions about hacking:

以下是一些关于黑客常见问题：

How long does it take to become a hacker?

多长时间成为一个黑客？

Hacking is not something that can be mastered overnight. It really takes quite some time
to understand and implement the skills that actually put you in the hacker’s shoes.
So, for anyone who is wanting to become a hacker, all it takes is some creativity,

willingness to learn and perseverance.

黑客不是一夜之间就能掌握的东西。在黑客的道路上，它需要相当长的时间去理解和实现这些技能。所以，任何一个想要成为一个名黑客，所需要的是一些创造力，学习的意愿和毅力。

What skills do I need to become a hacker?

我需要学习什么技能才能成为黑客？

In order to become a hacker, it is essential to have a basic understanding of how a
computer system works. For example, you may start off with basics of operating system,

computer networks and some programming.

At this point in time, you need not worry much about this question as this book will take
you through all those necessary concepts to establish the skills that you need to possess as

a hacker.

为了成为一名黑客，对计算机系统工作原理有一个基本的了解至关重要的，例如，你可以从计算机基础、网络和编程开始。

在目前情况下，你不必太担心这个问题，因为本书将会带你经历必要的概念去建立成为一名黑客所需的技能。

What is the best way to learn hacking?

学习黑客最好的方法是什么？ 

As said earlier, the best way to learn hacking is to start off with the basics. Once you have
established the basic skills, you can take it even further by going through the books that
discuss individual topics in a much detailed fashion. Do not forget the power of Internet

when it comes to acquiring and expanding your knowledge.

正如前面所说，学习黑客最好的方法就是从基础开始，一旦你建立了基本技能，你能更进一步通过本书以一种非常详细的方式讨论独特的主题。在获取和扩展知识方面，不要忘记互联网的力量。

p11 

To Be Continued