Ubuntu 22.04 开机发送本机 IP 到指定邮箱

1 编写 Python 脚本, 用于获取本机 IP 并发送到指定邮箱

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- 
# @File : send_host_ip_to_qq_mail.py
# @Software : Visual Studio Code
from subprocess import Popen, PIPE
import smtplib
from email.header import Header
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from time import asctime
import os


def get_ip():
	p = Popen('hostname -I', shell=True, stdout=PIPE)
	ip = p.stdout.read()
	ip = str(ip, encoding='utf-8').strip()
	return ip


def send_mail(parameters):
	try:
		mail_host = parameters['mail_host']
        mail_authorization_code = parameters['mail_authorization_code']
        mail_sender = parameters['mail_sender']
        mail_receiver = parameters['mail_receiver']
        mail_topic = parameters['mail_topic']
        mail_time = parameters['mail_time']
        mail_content = parameters['mail_content']
        mail_message = MIMEMultipart()
        mail_message['From'] = Header(mail_sender)
        mail_message['Subject'] = Header(mail_topic)
        mail_message.attach(MIMEText(mail_time + '\n' + mail_content, 'plain', 'utf-8'))

        server = smtplib.SMTP_SSL(mail_host, 465)
        server.login(mail_sender, mail_authorization_code)
        server.sendmail(mail_sender, mail_receiver, mail_message.as_string())
        server.quit()
        print('Success')
	except Exception:
		print('Failure')
     
     
if __name__ == '__main__':
	with open('/home/username/SendHostIP/ip_old.txt', 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:
	    ip_old = f.read()
	ip = get_ip()
	if ip != ip_old:
	    with open('/home/username/SendHostIP/ip_old.txt', 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:
	        f.write(ip)
	    parameters = {'mail_host': 'smtp.qq.com',
	                'mail_authorization_code': '在邮箱设置中查看 smtp 授权码',
	                'mail_sender': '发送邮箱',
	                'mail_receiver': '接收邮箱',
	                'mail_topic': 'The IP of my Ubuntu server',
	                'mail_time': asctime(),
	                'mail_content': ip}
	    send_mail(parameters=parameters)

2 编写执行脚本

#! /bin/bash
# send_host_ip_to_qq_mail.sh
/home/username/anaconda3/bin/python /home/username/SendHostIP/send_host_ip_to_qq_mail.py

3 在 Ubuntu 系统中设置脚本开机自启动

3.1 在 /etc/systemd/system/ 中创建服务文件

sudo vi /etc/systemd/system/SendHostIP.service

3.2 在打开的文件中添加如下内容, 然后退出并保存

[Unit]
Description=SendHostIP
After=network.target
StartLimitIntervalSec=0

[Service]
Restart=always
RestartSec=60
ExecStart=/home/username/SendHostIP/send_host_ip_to_qq_mail.sh

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

其中, ExecStart 指定脚本的绝对路径

3.3 给服务和脚本设置权限

sudo chmod 777 /home/username/SendHostIP/send_host_ip_to_qq_mail.sh
sudo chmod 777 /etc/systemd/system/SendHostIP.service

3.4 重新加载服务的配置文件, 并将服务设置为开机自启动

sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl enable SendHostIP.service

3.5 然后重启主机, 查看服务状态

sudo systemctl status SendHostIP.service