ApplicationContext的事件机制

ApplicationContext的事件机制是观察者设计模式的实现，通过ApplicationEvent类和ApplicationListener接口，可以实现ApplicationContext的事件处理。如果容器中有一个ApplicationListener Bean，每当ApplicationContext发布ApplicationEvent时，ApplicationListener Bean 将自动被触发。

ApplicationEvent类

package EventMechanism;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.event.ApplicationContextEvent;

public class EmailEvent extends ApplicationContextEvent {

	private String address;
	private String text;
	
	public EmailEvent(ApplicationContext source) {
		super(source);
	}

	public EmailEvent(ApplicationContext source, String address, String text) {
		super(source);
		this.address = address;
		this.text = text;
	}

	public String getAddress() {
		return address;
	}

	public void setAddress(String address) {
		this.address = address;
	}

	public String getText() {
		return text;
	}

	public void setText(String text) {
		this.text = text;
	}
	
}

容器监听器类

package EventMechanism;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationEvent;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationListener;

public class EmailNotifier implements ApplicationListener {

	@Override
	public void onApplicationEvent(ApplicationEvent event) {	//该方法会在容器发生事件时自动触发
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		if(event instanceof EmailEvent){
			//只处理EmailEvent,发送email通知
			EmailEvent emailEvent = (EmailEvent)event;
			System.out.println("需要发送邮件的接受地址 "
					+emailEvent.getAddress());
			System.out.println("需要发送邮件的邮件正文 "
					+emailEvent.getText());
		}
		else{
			//容器内置事件不作任何处理
			System.out.println("容器本身的事件 "+event);
		}
	}

}

将监听器配置在容器中，配置文件如下

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
 xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
 http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.2.xsd"
>
	<bean class="EventMechanism.EmailNotifier" />
	
</beans>

当系统创建Spring容器、加载Spring容器时会自动触发容器事件，容器事件监听器可以监听到这些事件。除此之外，程序也可调用ApplicationContext的pulishEvent()方法来自动触发容器事件。

测试

package EventMechanism;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

public class Test {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
	
		ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("bean.xml");
		
		//创建一个ApplicationEvent对象
		EmailEvent ele = new EmailEvent(ctx, "spring_test","this is a test");
		
		//主动触发容器事件
		ctx.publishEvent(ele);
	}

}

结果