目录
一、为什么学习session会话(卡库)的操作?
就是为了解决多个页面数据不一致的问题(由于我们的数据全都在请求里面,我们每发起一次请求,数据就会不一样),所以我们为了解决这个问题,我们可以把数据存在后台的session(卡库)里面,从而每个页面都会有一个属于自己的卡号
二、session与cookie基本概念
session:会话(服务端存储)——》给后台用的
前端如果带了卡号,后端直接使用这个卡号
前端如果没有带卡号,后端生成一张新卡,重新把卡号给你
劣势:session 中的数据是需要占用内存的,且服务器一启动session就没有了
cookie:小甜饼(客户端存储)——》给前台用的
如果不设置时间,那么如果浏览器关闭,cookie会消失
不要直接存储用户名和密码,因为从后台可以看到账号密码,因此需要MD5加密
劣势:只能给字符串赋值
三、session与cookie的区别
session在后台就显示一个值:
cookie在后台会有多个值:
四、cookie实现七天免登陆
在做登录页面,保存在cookie内(存在自己的电脑上面)
登录doLogin.jsp页面
<%@page import="java.sql.ResultSet"%>
<%@page import="java.sql.PreparedStatement"%>
<%@page import="java.sql.DriverManager"%>
<%@page import="java.sql.Connection"%>
<%@page import="oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver"%>
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%
request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
String yh=request.getParameter("yh");
String mm=request.getParameter("mm");
//加载驱动
Class.forName("oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver");
//定义连接字符串
String url="jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:orcl";
//获得连接
Connection con=DriverManager.getConnection(url, "scott", "123");
//获得执行对象
PreparedStatement ps=con.prepareStatement("select * from t_user where user_name=? and user_pwd=?");
ps.setString(1, yh);
ps.setString(2, mm);
//获得结果集
ResultSet rs=ps.executeQuery();
//判断结果
if(rs.next()){
//将用户名存入到服务器的session中
session.setAttribute("username", "yh");//存到后台
//cookie的值每次发送请求的时候会被自动带上
//cookie默认是在你当前浏览器打开的过程中生效
Cookie cookie01=new Cookie("yh",yh);
//设置存活时间 s
//-1 是在你当前浏览器打开的过程中生效
cookie01.setMaxAge(60*60*24*7);//设置存活时间
Cookie cookie02=new Cookie("mm",mm);
cookie02.setMaxAge(60*60*24*7);
//存前台【七天免登陆】——》保存在cookie(存在自己电脑上面)
response.addCookie(cookie01);
response.addCookie(cookie02);
//localhost:8080/web04/news/index.jsp(项目的根目录) 因为转发是在服务器里完成
//request.getRequestDispatcher("/news/index.jsp").forward(request, response);
response.sendRedirect("news/index.jsp");
}else{
//重定向 重定向是客户端行为
/**
(localhost: 8080/web04/)跳转的时候:
a.jsp 跳转到当前(同级)路径下的a.jsp (localhost:8080/web04/a.jsp)
../a.jsp 跳转到上一级下的a.jsp(localhost:8080/a.jsp)
/a.jsp 根目录的a.jsp(localhost:8080/a.jsp)
**/
response.sendRedirect("login.jsp");
}
//资源的关闭
if(con!=null&&!con.isClosed()){
con.close();
}
if(ps!=null){
ps.close();
}
if(rs!=null){
rs.close();
}
%>
登录login.jsp页面
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="zh">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Document</title>
<meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" name="viewport">
<link href="/web04/bootstrap-3.3.7-dist/css/bootstrap.css" rel="stylesheet">
<script src="/web04/bootstrap-3.3.7-dist/js/jquery-3.5.1.js"></script>
<script src="/web04/bootstrap-3.3.7-dist/js/bootstrap.js"></script>
<style>
* {
outline: none !important;
}
html,
body {
background: #1abe9c;
}
form {
width: 300px;
background: #ebeff2;
box-shadow: 0px 0px 50px rgba(0, 0, 0, .5);
border-radius: 5px;
padding: 20px;
position: absolute;
left: 50%;
top: 50%;
transform: translate(-50%, -50%);
}
.btn-group {
width: 100%;
}
.btn-group button {
width: 50%;
}
</style>
</head>
<%
String yh="";
String mm="";
//如果客户端没有cookie 那么会报空值异常
if(request.getCookies()!=null)
for(Cookie cookie : request.getCookies()){
if(cookie.getName().equals("yh")){
yh=cookie.getValue();
}
if(cookie.getName().equals("mm")){
mm=cookie.getValue();
}
}
%>
<body>
<form action="doLogin.jsp" method="post" id="myForm">
<h3 class="text-center">欢迎使用🐖币新闻管理</h3>
<div class="form-group">
<input value="<%=yh %>" class="form-control" id="username" name="yh" placeholder="请输入您的邮箱" type="text">
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<input value="<%=mm %>" class="form-control" id="password" name="mm" placeholder="请输入您的密码" type="password">
</div>
<div class="btn-group">
<button class="btn btn-primary" type="submit">登录</button>
<button class="btn btn-danger" onclick='location=href="regiest.html"' type="button">没有账号?</button>
</div>
</form>
<script>
$("#myForm").submit(()=>{
if($("#username").val().length==0){
alert("用户名不能为null")
return false //不提交的
}
if($("#password").val().length==0){
alert("密码不能为null")
return false //不提交的
}
return true
})
</script>
</body>
</html>
五、 session完成历史记录
历史记录history.jsp页面
<%@page import="java.net.URLDecoder"%>
<%@page import="java.util.List"%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="zh">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Document</title>
<meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" name="viewport">
<link href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/bootstrap-3.3.7-dist/css/bootstrap.css" rel="stylesheet">
<script src="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/bootstrap-3.3.7-dist/js/jquery-3.5.1.js"></script>
<script src="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/bootstrap-3.3.7-dist/js/bootstrap.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<nav class="navbar navbar-default hidden-sm hidden-xs">
<div class="container-fluid">
<div class="navbar-header">
<a class="navbar-brand" style="font-size: 25px;">当前是您的浏览记录</a>
</div>
<ul class="nav navbar-nav navbar-right" style="margin-right: 20px;">
<li><a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/news/index.jsp">返回管理员首页<span class="glyphicon glyphicon-road"></span></a></li>
</ul>
</div>
</nav>
<div class="container">
<ul class="list-group">
<%
//从cookie中取历史记录
String ls="";
for(Cookie cookie:request.getCookies()){
if(cookie.getName().equals("historyList")){
ls=URLDecoder.decode(cookie.getValue(),"utf-8");
}
}
//不是从数据库来的 从session中拿到的
Object obj=session.getAttribute("historyList");
if(obj!=null){
List<String> historyList=(List<String>)obj;
for(int i=historyList.size()-1;i>=0;i--){
//历史记录倒着来
String[] ss=historyList.get(i).split("@");
%>
<li class="list-group-item">
<span class="badge"><%=ss[1] %></span>
<%=ss[0] %>
</li>
<%
}
}
%>
</ul>
</div>
</body>
</html>
首页index.jsp
<%@page import="java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets"%>
<%@page import="java.sql.ResultSet"%>
<%@page import="java.sql.PreparedStatement"%>
<%@page import="java.sql.DriverManager"%>
<%@page import="java.sql.Connection"%>
<%@page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="zh">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>bootstrap</title>
<meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" name="viewport">
<link href="/web04/bootstrap-3.3.7-dist/css/bootstrap.css" rel="stylesheet">
<script src="/web04/bootstrap-3.3.7-dist/js/jquery-3.5.1.js"></script>
<script src="/web04/bootstrap-3.3.7-dist/js/bootstrap.js"></script>
<style>
* {
outline: none !important;
}
body,
html {
background: #7f8d90;
}
nav,
.breadcrumb {
border-radius: 0px !important;
margin-bottom: 0px !important;
}
.breadcrumb {
margin-bottom: 20px !important;
background: #36485c;
color: white;
}
li h4 {
width: 300px;
overflow: hidden;
text-overflow: ellipsis;
white-space: nowrap;
}
.breadcrumb .active {
color: yellow;
}
</style>
</head>
<%
//怎么判断一个用户有没有登录
Object username=session.getAttribute("username");
if(username==null){
response.sendRedirect("/web07/login.jsp");
}
%>
<body>
<nav class="navbar navbar-default hidden-sm hidden-xs">
<div class="container-fluid">
<div class="navbar-header">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="${pageContent.request.contentPath }/news/index.jsp"
style="font-size: 25px;">🐖</a>
</div>
<ul class="nav navbar-nav">
<li class="dropdown">
<a class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown"> 新闻管理
<span class="caret"></span>
</a>
<ul class="dropdown-menu">
<li><a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/news/add.jsp">新闻发布</a></li>
<li class="divider"></li>
<li><a href="#">类别管理</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<ul class="nav navbar-nav navbar-right">
<li><a><%=session.getAttribute("username") %></a></li>
<li><a href="doExit.jsp">退出<span class="glyphicon glyphicon-off"></span></a></li>
</ul>
</div>
</nav>
<ol class="breadcrumb">
<li>您当前的位置是</li>
<li>新闻发布系统</li>
<li class="active">首页</li>
</ol>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/news/index.jsp" class="form-inline" style="margin: 0px auto 20px;" method="post">
<div class="form-group" style="display: block;text-align: center;">
<div class="input-group">
<div class="input-group-addon">新闻标题</div>
<input name="newName" class="form-control" placeholder="请在此输入搜索的关键字" type="text">
<span class="input-group-btn">
<button class="btn btn-primary" type="submit">搜索🔍</button>
</span>
</div>
</div>
</form>
<div class="container">
<ul class="list-group">
<%
//关于method=“post”会乱码
request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
//点击了表单之后 跳转的是当前这个页面 同时携带一个newName过来(查询的关键字)
String newName=request.getParameter("newName");
if(newName==null){
newName="";//查询全部
}
//破碎重组【增高】(字符串变成字节数组,再把字节数组重新变成字符串)手动指定编码
// new String(newName.getBytes(StandardCharsets.ISO_8859_1),StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
newName=new String(newName.getBytes(StandardCharsets.ISO_8859_1),StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
//加载驱动
Class.forName("oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver");
//定义连接字符串
String url="jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:orcl";
//获得连接
Connection con=DriverManager.getConnection(url,"scott","123");
//查询所有的新闻数据
PreparedStatement ps=con.prepareStatement("select * from t_news02 where news_title like ?");
//国-》select * from t_news02 where news_title like '%国%'
ps.setString(1, "%"+newName+"%");
//得到结果集
ResultSet rs=ps.executeQuery();
//结果集中有很多数据
while(rs.next()){
%>
<li class="list-group-item">
<h4 class="list-group-item-heading">
<!-- newId=1-->
<a href=
"${pageContext.request.contextPath}/news/read.jsp?newId=<%=rs.getInt(1) %>"
data-placement="bottom" data-toggle="tooltip" href="" title="国家卫健委:昨日新增确诊病例29例,其中本土病例2例">
<%=rs.getString(2)%>
</a>
</h4>
<p class="list-group-item-text text-right">
<span class="glyphicon glyphicon-user"><code><%=rs.getString(4) %></code></span>
<span class="glyphicon glyphicon-eye-open"><code><%=rs.getInt(7) %></code></span>
<span class="glyphicon glyphicon-tag"><code><%=rs.getInt(8) %></code></span>
<span class="glyphicon glyphicon-time"><code><%=rs.getString(5) %></code></span>
</p>
</li>
<%
}
//资源的关闭
if(con!=null&&!con.isClosed()){
con.close();
}
if(ps!=null){
ps.close();
}
if(rs!=null){
rs.close();
}
%>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="container text-center">
<ul class="pagination" style="margin: 20px auto;">
<li>
<a href="#"><span>«</span></a>
</li>
<li><a href="#">1</a></li>
<li><a href="#">2</a></li>
<li><a href="#">3</a></li>
<li><a href="#">4</a></li>
<li><a href="#">5</a></li>
<li>
<a href="#"><span>»</span></a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<script>
$(function () {
$('[data-toggle="tooltip"]').tooltip({
trigger: "hover"
})
})
</script>
</body>
</html>
阅读read.jsp页面
<%@page import="java.net.URLEncoder"%>
<%@page import="java.util.ArrayList"%>
<%@page import="java.util.List"%>
<%@ page import="java.sql.DriverManager" %>
<%@ page import="java.sql.PreparedStatement" %>
<%@ page import="java.sql.ResultSet" %>
<%@ page import="java.sql.Connection" %>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="zh">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>bootstrap</title>
<meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" name="viewport">
<link href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/bootstrap-3.3.7-dist/css/bootstrap.css" rel="stylesheet">
<script src="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/bootstrap-3.3.7-dist/js/jquery-3.5.1.js"></script>
<script src="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/bootstrap-3.3.7-dist/js/bootstrap.js"></script>
<style>
* {
outline: none !important;
}
body,
html {
background: #7f8d90;
}
nav,
.breadcrumb {
border-radius: 0 !important;
margin-bottom: 0 !important;
}
.breadcrumb {
margin-bottom: 20px !important;
background: #36485c;
color: white;
}
input,
select,
textarea,
.panel-heading {
border: none !important;
border-radius: 0 !important;
}
.breadcrumb .active {
color: yellow;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<nav class="navbar navbar-default hidden-sm hidden-xs">
<div class="container-fluid">
<div class="navbar-header">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/news/index.jsp"
style="font-size: 25px;">🐖</a>
</div>
<ul class="nav navbar-nav">
<li class="dropdown">
<a class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown">
新闻管理
<span class="caret"></span>
</a>
<ul class="dropdown-menu">
<li><a href="#">新闻发布</a></li>
<li class="divider"></li>
<li><a href="#">类别管理</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<ul class="nav navbar-nav navbar-right">
<li><a>245@qq.com</a></li>
<li><a href="#">退出<span class="glyphicon glyphicon-off"></span></a></li>
</ul>
</div>
</nav>
<ol class="breadcrumb">
<li>您当前的位置是</li>
<li>新闻发布系统</li>
<li class="active">新闻阅读</li>
</ol>
<%
//取session中拿历史列表
Object obj=session.getAttribute("historyList");
List<String> historyList=new ArrayList<>();
if(obj!=null){//有历史列表
historyList=(List<String>)obj;
}
//获得新闻的id
String newId = request.getParameter("newId");
//拿到cookie【historyList】
String ls="";
for(Cookie cookie:request.getCookies()){
if(cookie.getName().equals("historyList")){
ls=cookie.getValue();
}
}
ls+=newId+",";
response.addCookie(new Cookie("historyList",URLEncoder.encode(ls, "utf-8")));
//根据id去数据库做查询操作
//加载驱动
Class.forName("oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver");
//定义连接字符串
String url = "jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:orcl";
//获得连接
Connection con = DriverManager.getConnection(url, "scott", "123");
//查询所有的新闻数据
PreparedStatement ps = con.prepareStatement("select * from T_NEWS02 where news_id=?");
//占位符的设置
ps.setInt(1,Integer.parseInt(newId));
//得到结果集
ResultSet rs = ps.executeQuery();
//定义需要的值
String title="";
int count=0;
String author="";
String publisher="";
String content="";
//int marker=0;
if(rs.next()){
//可以取值
title=rs.getString(2);
publisher=rs.getString(5);
author=rs.getString(4);
content=rs.getString(6);
count=rs.getInt(7)+1;//当前你是不是阅读了一次
}
//将阅读信息存到集合里
historyList.add(title+"@"+count);
//将历史记录集合重新放到session
session.setAttribute("historyList", historyList);
//已经被阅读了
ps=con.prepareStatement("update t_news02 set news_count=news_count+1 where news_id=?");
//给占位符赋值
ps.setInt(1,Integer.parseInt(newId));
ps.executeUpdate();//不需要判断 阅读量
%>
<div class="container" style="background: rgba(239, 231, 231, 0.9);border-radius:10px;">
<h1><%=title%></h1>
<h3 class="text-right">
<small>
<span class="glyphicon glyphicon-user"><span class="label label-default"><%=author%></span></span>
<span class="glyphicon glyphicon-eye-open"><span class="label label-default"><%=count%></span></span>
<span class="glyphicon glyphicon-time"><span class="label label-info"><%=publisher%></span></span>
</small>
</h3>
<samp><%=content%></samp>
<div class="btn-group btn-group-justified" style="margin-bottom: 20px;">
<div class="btn-group">
<!-- newId是index传过来的 -->
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/news/doDel.jsp?newId=<%=newId%>"
class="btn btn-danger" type="button">删除</a>
</div>
<div class="btn-group">
<!-- 将newId也传给修改界面 -->
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/news/upd.jsp?newId=<%=newId%>"
class="btn btn-info" type="button">修改</a>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="container" style="background: rgba(239, 231, 231, 0.9);border-radius:10px;margin-top: 10px;">
<div class="panel panel-default" style="margin-top: 20px;">
<%
ps=con.prepareStatement("select * from t_comment02 where comment_from=?");
ps.setInt(1, Integer.parseInt(newId));
rs=ps.executeQuery();
while(rs.next()){
%>
<div class="panel-heading">
<span class="glyphicon glyphicon-user"><span class="label label-success"><%=rs.getString(4) %></span></span>
<p style="margin-top: 10px;text-indent: 2em;">
<samp><%=rs.getString(5) %></samp>
</p>
<p class="text-right">
<span class="glyphicon glyphicon-time"><span class="label label-info"><%=rs.getString(3) %></span></span>
</p>
</div>
<%
}
%>
</div>
</div>
<form action="doAddPL.jsp" class="container" style="background: rgba(239, 231, 231, 0.9);border-radius:10px;margin-top: 10px;padding: 30px;">
<input type="hidden" name="newId" value="<%=newId %>">
<div class="form-group">
<label for="name">Name</label>
<input id="name" class="form-control" name="author" placeholder="用户名称" required type="text">
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label for="email">Email</label>
<input id="email" class="form-control" name="content" placeholder="评论内容" required type="text">
</div>
<button class="btn btn-default" type="submit">发布评论</button>
</form>
<div style="height: 50px;"></div>
</body>
</html>
六、 session的清空与鉴权
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%
//session 的存储时间
//session.setMaxInactiveInterval(60);
//怎么删除session
session.invalidate();
//跳回登录页面
response.sendRedirect("/web07/login.jsp");
%>