Python csv 模块的应用

CSV是一种通用的文件格式，通常用于将表格数据导入其他应用程序。Python的csv模块提供了用于读取和写入CSV文件的功能。

• csv文件的写入

import csv

header = ['Name', 'Age', 'City']
rows = [ ['River', 20, 'City 1'],
         ['Forest', 30, 'City 2'],
         ['Moutain', 40, 'City 3']]

#newline 不出现空行
with open('example.csv','w',newline="") as file:
    writer = csv.writer(file)
    writer.writerow(header)
    writer.writerows(rows)

• 读取
  • 备注 reader 不是一个可迭代对象，不存在索引等

with open('example.csv','r') as file:
    reader = csv.reader(file)
    Header = next(reader)
    for row in reader:
        print(row)

• 读取txt文件
  • delimiter 指的是同一行数据的分隔符

file = open('file.txt',newline='')
lines = file.readlines()
file.close()

csv_reader = csv.reader(lines,delimiter=',')

for row in csv_reader:
   print(row)

csv模块提供的操作并不多，集成功能也不多，下面列出几个常用的函数/方法

• zip函数

names = ["doctor1","doctor2","doctor3"]
scores = [100,90,80]
_dict = dict(zip(names, scores))

# 输出结果
print(_dict)

{'doctor1': 100, 'doctor2': 90, 'doctor3': 80}

• map函数

def double_str(n):
    return n * 2

s = ["hello world","welcome","goodluck","goodbye"]
upper_s = list(map(str.upper, s))
print(upper_s)

• filter函数

nums = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10]
result = list(filter(lambda x: x >= 5, nums))
print(result)

[5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10]

• format 函数

name = "Alice"
age = 25
print("My name is {} and I am {} years old.".format(name, age))

• divmod 函数

div_result = divmod(10, 3)
print(div_result)

• generator

def counter(n):
    for i in range(n):
        yield i

my_generator = counter(5)

my_list = [next(my_generator) for _ in range(3)]

print(my_list)