JDK8 FunctionalInterface

/**

• An informative annotation type used to indicate that an interface
• type declaration is intended to be a functional interface as
• defined by the Java Language Specification.
• FunctionalInterface 是一个标记接口。
• Conceptually, a functional interface has exactly one abstract
• method. Since {@linkplain java.lang.reflect.Method#isDefault()
• default methods} have an implementation, they are not abstract.
  在概念上一个funcitonalInterface 只有一个抽象方法。可以通过反射的Method#isDefault() 检测。
  If an interface declares an abstract method overriding one of the
• public methods of {@code java.lang.Object}, that also does
• not count toward the interface’s abstract method count
• since any implementation of the interface will have an
• implementation from {@code java.lang.Object} or elsewhere.
• 如果接口继承并是实现了Object的方法，那么不会作为抽象方法的统计范围。

• Note that instances of functional interfaces can be created with

• lambda expressions, method references, or constructor references.
• functionalInterface 一般用作lambda表达式，方法引用，构造方法引用

• If a type is annotated with this annotation type, compilers are

• required to generate an error message unless:
• 被标记了functionalInterface的接口，会在编译的时候做检测
• The type is an interface type and not an annotation type, enum, or class.
• 必须时接口
• The annotated type satisfies the requirements of a functional interface.
• 统计之后之后，直有一个功能方法，也就是直有一个抽象方法

• However, the compiler will treat any interface meeting the

• definition of a functional interface as a functional interface
• regardless of whether or not a {@code FunctionalInterface}
• annotation is present on the interface declaration.
• 然而，编译器会将只有一个抽象方法的接口，自动认为时functional interface
• @jls 4.3.2. The Class Object
• @jls 9.8 Functional Interfaces
• @jls 9.4.3 Interface Method Body
• @since 1.8
  */
  @Documented
  @Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
  @Target(ElementType.TYPE)
  public @interface FunctionalInterface {}

• 总结一下：
  functional interface 是一个非必须的编译时期的标记接口。
  实现方式：
  通过统计除default 实现， static 实现， object基础方法以外的抽象方法数量。 如果统计结果直有一个抽象方法，那么编译通过。 否则编译出错。

  也就是说该功能，在编译期间就生效的注解。