Spring的JdbcTemplate

JdbcTemplate的概念

JdbcTemplate 是 spring 框架中提供的一个模板对象，是对原始繁琐的 Jdbc API 对象的简单封装。

核心对象：

JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate = new JdbcTemplate(DataSource dataSource);

核心方法：

int update(); 					// 执行增、删、改语句
List<T> query(); 				// 查询多个 
T queryForObject(); 			// 查询一个 
new BeanPropertyRowMapper<>();  // 实现ORM映射封装

举个栗子

查询数据库所有账户信息到Account实体中：

public class JdbcTemplateTest {
	@Test
	public void testFindAll() throws Exception {
		// 创建核心对象
		JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate = new JdbcTemplate(JdbcUtils.getDataSource());
		
		// 编写sql
		String sql = "select * from account";
		
		// 执行sql
		List<Account> list = jdbcTemplate.query(sql, new BeanPropertyRowMapper<>(Account.class));
	}
}

Spring整合JdbcTemplate【案例演示】

创建java项目，导入依赖坐标

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>mysql</groupId>
        <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        <version>5.1.47</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
        <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
        <version>1.1.15</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
        <version>5.1.5.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
        <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
        <version>1.8.13</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
        <version>5.1.5.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
        <version>5.1.5.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>junit</groupId>
        <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
        <version>4.12</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
        <version>5.1.5.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

编写Account实体类

public class Account {
	
	private Integer id;
	private String name;
	private Double money;
	
	// setter getter等方法略过...
}

编写AccountDao接口和实现类

接口：

public interface AccountDao {
	public void out(String outUser, Double money);
	public void in(String inUser, Double money);
}

实现类：

@Repository
public class AccountDaoImpl implements AccountDao {
    
	@Autowired
	private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;
	
	@Override
	public void out(String outUser, Double money) {
		jdbcTemplate.update("update account set money = money - ? where name = ?", money, outUser);
	}
	
	@Override
	public void in(String inUser, Double money) {
		jdbcTemplate.update("update account set money = money + ? where name = ?", money, inUser);
	}
}

编写AccountService接口和实现类

接口：

public interface AccountService {
	public void transfer(String outUser, String inUser, Double money);
}

实现类：

@Service
public class AccountServiceImpl implements AccountService {
    
	@Autowired
	private AccountDao accountDao;
	
	@Override
	public void transfer(String outUser, String inUser, Double money) {
		accountDao.out(outUser, money);
		accountDao.in(inUser, money);
	}
}

编写spring核心配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xsi:schemaLocation="
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
    
    <!--IOC注解扫描-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="testPackage"/>

    <!--加载jdbc配置文件-->
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties"/>

    <!--把数据库连接池交给IOC容器-->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource">
        <property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driver}"></property>
        <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"></property>
        <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"></property>
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"></property>
    </bean>

    <!--把JdbcTemplate交给IOC容器-->
    <bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate">
        <constructor-arg name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></constructor-arg>
    </bean>
</beans>

编写测试代码

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration("classpath:applicationContext.xml")
public class AccountServiceTest {
    
	@Autowired
	private AccountService accountService;
	
	@Test
	public void testTransfer() throws Exception {
		accountService.transfer("tom", "jerry", 100d);
	}
}