1.Spring框架Bean实例化的方式
下载Spring开发包:
我的百度云盘:https://pan.baidu.com/s/14Jzl4ov0bkOP01wYsMSl2Q
Spring开发一般用的包+xsd-config.html:https://pan.baidu.com/s/1sbsK7SYVofJ2inE14128vA
也可以去官网下载
spring-framework-3.2.0.RELEASE-dist.zip ---Spring开发包
* docs :spring框架api和规范
* libs :spring开发的jar包
* schema :XML的约束文档.
spring-framework-3.0.2.RELEASE-dependencies.zip ---Spring开发中的依赖包
创建web工程引入相应jar包:
spring-beans-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar
spring-context-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar
spring-core-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar
spring-expression-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar
开发的日志记录的包:
com.springsource.org.apache.commons.logging-1.1.1.jar --- 用于整合其他的日志的包(类似Hibernate中slf4j)
com.springsource.org.apache.log4j-1.2.15.jar
创建Spring的配置文件
在src下创建一个applicationContext.xml
引入XML的约束:
* 找到xsd-config.html.引入beans约束:
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans " >http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
1.1 构造方法实例化
id:装配Bean的名称
class:装配Bean所在的路径
public class Bean1 {
}
<!-- 默认情况下使用的就是无参数的构造方法. -->
<bean id="bean1" class="cn.itcast.spring3.demo2.Bean1"></bean>
1.2 静态方法实例化
public class Bean2 {
}
public class Bean2Factory {
public static Bean2 getBean2(){
System.out.println("静态工厂获得实例化的方法....");
return new Bean2();
}
}
<!-- Bean2静态工厂实例化 -->
<!-- <bean id="bean2" class="cn.itcast.demo2.Bean2Factory" factory-method="getBean2"></bean> -->
1.3 实例工厂实例化
public class Bean3 {
}
public class Bean3Factory {
public Bean3 getBean3(){
System.out.println("实例工厂化实现Bean实例化....");
return new Bean3();
}
}
<!-- 第三种使用实例工厂实例化 -->
<bean id="bean3Factory" class="cn.itcast.spring3.demo2.Bean3Factory"/></bean>
<bean id="bean3" factory-bean="bean3Factory" factory-method="getBean3"></bean>
1.4 Bean id和name的区别
id遵守XML约束的id的约束.id约束保证这个属性的值是唯一的,而且必须以字母开始,可以使用字母、数字、连字符、下划线、句 话、冒号
name没有这些要求
如果bean标签上没有配置id,那么name可以作为id.
1.5 类的作用范围
scope属性 :
* singleton :单例的.(默认的值.)
* prototype :多例的.
* request :web开发中.创建了一个对象,将这个对象存入request范围,request.setAttribute();
* session :web开发中.创建了一个对象,将这个对象存入session范围,session.setAttribute();
* globalSession :一般用于Porlet应用环境.指的是分布式开发.不是porlet环境,globalSession等同于session;
1. scope=“singleton” 一个实例
public class Customer {
}
//Customer测试 scope="singleton"
public void demo1(){
ClassPathXmlApplicationContext applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(
"applicationContext.xml");
Customer customer1 = (Customer) applicationContext.getBean("customer");
System.out.println(customer1);
Customer customer2 = (Customer) applicationContext.getBean("customer");
System.out.println(customer2);
applicationContext.close();
//cn.itcast.demo3.Customer@bdb19
//cn.itcast.demo3.Customer@bdb19
}
<!-- scope="singleton" -->
<bean id="customer" class="cn.itcast.demo3.Customer" scope="singleton"></bean>
2.scope="prototype" 两个实例
public class Customer {
}
//Customer测试scope="prototype"
public void demo2(){
ApplicationContext applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(
"applicationContext.xml");
Customer customer1 = (Customer) applicationContext.getBean("customer");
System.out.println(customer1);
Customer customer2 = (Customer) applicationContext.getBean("customer");
System.out.println(customer2);
//cn.itcast.demo3.Customer@6be70a
//cn.itcast.demo3.Customer@bdb19
}
<!-- scope="prototype" -->
<bean id="customer" class="cn.itcast.demo3.Customer" scope="prototype"></bean>
1.6 Bean的生命周期
配置Bean的初始化和销毁的方法:
配置初始化和销毁的方法:
* init-method=”setup”
* destroy-method=”teardown”
执行销毁的时候,必须手动关闭工厂,而且只对scope=”singleton”有效.
<!-- <bean id="bean" class="cn.itcast.demo4.BeanImpl" init-method="init" destroy-method="destorymethod"> -->
<!-- 属性的注入 -->
<!-- <property name="name" value="哈哈哈"/> -->
<!-- </bean> -->
public class BeanImpl implements Bean{
private String name;
public void init(){
System.out.println("初始方法被调用...");
}
public void destroy(){
System.out.println("手动调用销毁方法...");
}
}
public void SpringTest{
@Test
public void demo1(){
ClassPathXmlApplicationContext applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
Bean bean = (Bean)applicationContext.getBean("bean");
applicationContext.close();
}
}
//结果
//初始方法被调用...
//手动调用销毁方法...
Bean的生命周期的11个步骤:
1.instantiate bean对象实例化
2.populate properties 封装属性
3.如果Bean实现BeanNameAware 执行 setBeanName
4.如果Bean实现BeanFactoryAware 或者 ApplicationContextAware 设置工厂 setBeanFactory 或者上下文对象 setApplicationContext
5.如果存在类实现 BeanPostProcessor(后处理Bean) ,执行postProcessBeforeInitialization
6.如果Bean实现InitializingBean 执行 afterPropertiesSet
7.调用<bean init-method="init"> 指定初始化方法 init
8.如果存在类实现 BeanPostProcessor(处理Bean) ,执行postProcessAfterInitialization
9.执行业务处理
10.如果Bean实现 DisposableBean 执行 destroy
11.调用<bean destroy-method="customerDestroy"> 指定销毁方法 customerDestroy
1.7 Bean中属性的注入
1.构造方法注入
<bean id="car" class="cn.itcast.demo5.Car">
<!-- 通过构造器注入属性 -->
<!-- <constructor-arg name="nameString" value="宝马"/> -->
<!-- <constructor-arg name="moneyDouble" value="10000"/> -->
<constructor-arg index="0" type="java.lang.String" value="奔驰"/>
<constructor-arg index="1" type="java.lang.Double" value="10000"/>
</bean>
public class Car {
private String nameString;
private Double moneyDouble;
public Car() {
super();
}
public Car(String nameString, Double moneyDouble) {
super();
this.nameString = nameString;
this.moneyDouble = moneyDouble;
}
}
2.setter方法注入
1.注入普通属性 <property name="" value="">
<bean id="car2" class="cn.itcast.demo5.Car2">
<property name="nameString" value="宝马"/>
<property name="moneyDouble" value="100000"/>
</bean>
public class Car2 {
private String nameString;
private Double moneyDouble;
public void setNameString(String nameString) {
this.nameString = nameString;
}
public void setMoneyDouble(Double moneyDouble) {
this.moneyDouble = moneyDouble;
}
}
2.注入对象属性 <property name="" ref="">
<bean id="person" class="cn.itcast.demo5.Person">
<property name="nameString" value="陈文琳"/>
<property name="car2" ref="car2"/>
</bean>
public class Person {
private String nameString;
private Car2 car2;
public void setNameString(String nameString) {
this.nameString = nameString;
}
public void setCar2(Car2 car2) {
this.car2 = car2;
}
}
3.集合属性的注入
<bean id="collectionBean" class="cn.itcast.spring3.demo6.CollectionBean">
<!-- 注入List集合 -->
<property name="list">
<list>
<value>童童</value>
<value>小凤</value>
</list>
</property>
<!-- 注入set集合 -->
<property name="set">
<set>
<value>杜宏</value>
<value>如花</value>
</set>
</property>
<!-- 注入map集合 -->
<property name="map">
<map>
<entry key="刚刚" value="111"/>
<entry key="娇娇" value="333"/>
</map>
</property>
<property name="properties">
<props>
<prop key="username">root</prop>
<prop key="password">123</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>