添加Eclipse Paho MQTT依赖项
首先,您需要在项目中添加Eclipse Paho MQTT依赖项。对于Maven项目,请将以下内容添加到pom.xml文件:
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.eclipse.paho</groupId>
<artifactId>org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3</artifactId>
<version>1.2.5</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
以下是一个使用Java和Eclipse Paho MQTT客户端库的完整代码示例,并为每行代码添加了注释说明。这个示例包括连接到MQTT服务器、订阅主题、接收消息、发布消息、断开连接和关闭客户端。
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.*;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.persist.MemoryPersistence;
public class MqttExample {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// MQTT服务器地址
String broker = "tcp://mqtt.eclipseprojects.io:1883";
// 客户端ID
String clientId = "JavaMqttClient";
// 要订阅和发布的主题
String topic = "test/topic";
try {
// 使用指定的服务器、客户端ID和持久性创建一个MQTT客户端
MqttClient mqttClient = new MqttClient(broker, clientId, new MemoryPersistence());
// 创建连接选项
MqttConnectOptions connOpts = new MqttConnectOptions();
// 设置清空会话,这样在客户端重启时不会收到旧消息
connOpts.setCleanSession(true);
// 连接到MQTT服务器
System.out.println("Connecting to broker: " + broker);
mqttClient.connect(connOpts);
System.out.println("Connected");
// 创建订阅回调
mqttClient.setCallback(new MqttCallback() {
@Override
public void connectionLost(Throwable cause) {
System.out.println("Connection lost");
}
@Override
public void messageArrived(String topic, MqttMessage message) throws Exception {
System.out.println("Message arrived: " + topic + " " + message);
}
@Override
public void deliveryComplete(IMqttDeliveryToken token) {
System.out.println("Delivery complete");
}
});
// 订阅主题
mqttClient.subscribe(topic);
System.out.println("Subscribed to topic: " + topic);
// 创建要发布的消息
String payload = "Hello MQTT!";
MqttMessage message = new MqttMessage(payload.getBytes());
// 设置消息的QoS级别 (0=最多一次, 1=最少一次, 2=只有一次)
message.setQos(2);
// 发布消息到指定主题
mqttClient.publish(topic, message);
System.out.println("Message published: " + payload);
// 断开连接
mqttClient.disconnect();
System.out.println("Disconnected");
// 关闭客户端
mqttClient.close();
System.out.println("MQTT client closed");
} catch (MqttException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
这个示例演示了如何使用Eclipse Paho库创建一个简单的MQTT客户端,连接到MQTT服务器,订阅指定的主题、发布消息以及断开连接和关闭客户端。请确保将 broker
变量的值替换为您要连接的MQTT服务器地址。