反射的简单理解

①加载类[3个方式]

Person有2个属性，name和age，最后会给出Person类的信息

		Class clazz1 = Class.forName("Person");

		Class clazz2 = Person.class;

		Person p = new Person();
		Class clazz3 = p.getClass();

②构造器Constructor

<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>Constructor c = clazz.getConstructor(null);//获取的是无参构造
		Person person1 = (Person) c.newInstance(null);
		System.out.println(person1.name);

<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>Constructor c1 = clazz.getConstructor(String.class);//获取String参数的构造
		Person p2 = (Person) c1.newInstance("a"); //给参数，实例化
		System.out.println(p2.name);

		Constructor c1 = clazz.getDeclaredConstructor(String.class,int.class);
		c1.setAccessible(true);  //暴力反射，因为这里的构造是私有的，不设置会报错
		Person p2 = (Person) c1.newInstance("a",12);
		System.out.println(p2.name);

<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>//Person中的私有构造函数
<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>private Person(String name,int age){
<span style="white-space:pre">			</span>System.out.println("name & age 构造函数");
<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>}

③方法Method

<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>Person person = new Person(); //这里给出接下来要执行方法的对象
		Method m = clazz.getMethod("get", String.class);//get是Person类中已经定义的方法名，后面是参数类型
		m.invoke(person, "coci");//执行方法

<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>Method method = clazz.getMethod("set", String.class,int.class);
		Object object = method.invoke(person, "csq",21); //后面2个是给出方法执行的参数
		System.out.println("返回值 = "+object);

④域Field

<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>Field field = clazz.getField("name");//<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">getField，只能得到公有的域</span>
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>
<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>System.out.println(field.getType()); //得到域的类型
<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>if(field.getType().equals(String.class)){
<span style="white-space:pre">			</span>field.set(person, "value");
<span style="white-space:pre">			</span>System.out.println(field.get(person));
<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>}
<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>
<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>Field field2 = clazz.getDeclaredField("age");//<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">getDeclaredField，这个方法可以得到私有的域&公有的域</span>
<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>field2.setAccessible(true);
<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>System.out.println(field.get(person)+"=="+field2.get(person));

Person

class Person{
	
	public String name = "coci";
	private int age = 18;
	
	public Person(){
		System.out.println("无参构造");
	}
	
	public Person(String name){
		System.out.println("name 构造函数");
	}
	
	private Person(String name,int age){
		System.out.println("name & age 构造函数");
	}
	
	public void get(String name){
		System.out.println("get方法==name="+name);
	}
	
	public static void get(){
		System.out.println("static   get方法==name=");
	}
	
	public int set(String name,int age){
		System.out.println("set方法，有返回值"+name+"=="+age);
		return 1;
	}
}