linux 消息队列实例

/*
1.获取key:ftok()
2.获取消息实例：msgget()
3.收发消息：msgsnd(),msgrcv()
4.销毁消息实例：msgctl()

*/
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <memory.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/ipc.h>
#include <sys/msg.h>

typedef struct{
    long type;
    char msg_buf[1024];
}msg_def;

int main(int argc, char** argv)
{
    key_t   key;
    int     msg_id = 0;
    size_t  snd_len = 0;
    int     res = 0;
    
    if (argc < 2)
    {
        printf("Usage: %s key\n", argv[0]);
        exit(-1);
    }
    
    key = ftok(argv[1], 0);
    msg_id = msgget(key, IPC_CREAT | 0777);
    if (msg_id < 0)
    {
        perror("msgget error");
        exit(-1);
    }
    
    printf("msg_id=%d\n", msg_id);
    msg_def msg;
    memset(&msg, 0x00, sizeof(msg_def));
    msg.type=1;
    memcpy(msg.msg_buf, "hello", sizeof(msg.msg_buf)-1);
    
    snd_len = sizeof(msg)-sizeof(long);
    res = msgsnd(msg_id, (const void*)&msg, snd_len, IPC_NOWAIT);
    if (res < 0)
    {
        perror("msgsnd error");
        exit(-2);
    }
    
    msg.type=2;
    memcpy(msg.msg_buf, "world", sizeof(msg.msg_buf)-1);
    res = msgsnd(msg_id, (const void*)&msg, snd_len, IPC_NOWAIT);
    if (res < 0)
    {
        perror("msgsnd error");
        exit(-2);
    }
    
    struct msqid_ds ds;
    res = msgctl(msg_id, IPC_STAT, &ds);
    if (res < 0)
    {
        perror("msgctl error");
    }
    printf("msg snd total is %d\n", ds.msg_qnum);
    return 0;
}

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <memory.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/ipc.h>
#include <sys/msg.h>

typedef struct{
    long type;
    char msg_buf[1024];
}msg_def;

int main(int argc, char** argv)
{
    key_t   key;
    int     msg_id = 0;
    size_t  rcv_len = 0;
    int     res = 0;
    long    type = 0;
    
    if (argc < 3)
    {
        printf("Usage: %s key type\n", argv[0]);
        exit(-1);
    }
    
    type = atoi(argv[2]);
    key = ftok(argv[1], 0);
    msg_id = msgget(key, IPC_CREAT | 0777);
    if (msg_id < 0)
    {
        perror("msgget error");
        exit(-1);
    }
    
    printf("msg_id=%d\n", msg_id);
    msg_def msg;
    memset(&msg, 0x00, sizeof(msg_def));

    rcv_len = sizeof(msg)-sizeof(long);
    res = msgrcv(msg_id, (void*)&msg, rcv_len, type, 0);
    if (res < 0)
    {
        perror("msgsnd error");
        exit(-2);
    }
    printf("type=%d, msg_buf=%s, msg_len=%d\n", msg.type, msg.msg_buf, rcv_len);
    

    struct msqid_ds ds;
    res = msgctl(msg_id, IPC_STAT, &ds);
    if (res < 0)
    {
        perror("msgctl error");
    }
    printf("msg snd total is %d\n", ds.msg_qnum);
    return 0;
}

运行：
1…/my_msg_snd /etc/passwd
msg_id=131072
msg snd total is 2
2.ipcs -q
------ Message Queues --------
key msqid owner perms used-bytes messages
0x00015beb 131072 zhangsan 777 2048 2
3…/my_msg_rcv /etc/passwd 1
msg_id=131072
type=1, msg_buf=hello, msg_len=1024
msg snd total is 1
4.ipcs -q

------ Message Queues --------
key msqid owner perms used-bytes messages
0x00015beb 131072 zhangyue 777 1024 1
5…/my_msg_rcv /etc/passwd 2
msg_id=131072
type=2, msg_buf=world, msg_len=1024
msg snd total is 0
可以通过命令删除消息队列：ipcrm -q 131072
代码删除：msgctl(msg_id, IPC_RMID, &ds);