MyBatis

简介：使sql与代码分离，提供映射标签和XML标签，支持编写动态sql。

使用：

1.配置maven的pom.xml文件，导入所需依赖

<dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>8.0.31</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
            <version>3.5.2</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.12</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

注意：配置文件（资源）有时候无法导出

<!--防止资源导出失败-->
    <build>
        <resources>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*.properties</include>
                    <include>**/*.xml</include>
                </includes>
                <filtering>true</filtering>
            </resource>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/java</directory>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*.properties</include>
                    <include>**/*.xml</include>
                </includes>
                <filtering>true</filtering>
            </resource>
        </resources>
    </build>

2.在resources下，创建mybatis配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "https://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
    <environments default="development">
        <environment id="development">
            <transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
            <dataSource type="POOLED">
                <!--<property name="driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>-->
                <property name="driver" value="com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver"/>
                <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis?useSSL=true&amp;useUnicode=true&amp;characterEncoding=UTF-8"/>
                <property name="username" value="root"/>
                <property name="password" value="123456"/>
            </dataSource>
        </environment>
    </environments>

    <!--每创建一个Mapper.xml都需要在这里注册绑定-->
    <mappers>
        <mapper resource="com/kuang/dao/UserMapper.xml"></mapper>
    </mappers>
</configuration>

3.得到SqlSession对象

public class MybatisUtils {
    private static SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory;

    static {
        try {
            String resource = "mybatis-config.xml";
            InputStream inputStream= Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
            sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);

        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    public static SqlSession getSqlSession(){
        return sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
    }
}

4.创建pojo实体类（注意：必须有无参构造函数）

5.创建Mapper(就是JDBC的DAO层)

public interface UserMapper {
    List<User> getUserList();

    User getUserById(int id);

    void addUser(User user);
}

6.每创建一个DAO接口，就要创建一个Mapper.xml(相当于JDBC中DAO层接口的实现类)

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "https://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">

<!--相当于JDBC里面接口的实现类-->
<!--映射接口-->
<mapper namespace="com.kuang.dao.UserMapper">
    <!--id必须和方法名一致-->
    <select id="getUserList" resultType="com.kuang.pojo.User">
        select * from mybatis.user
    </select>

    <select id="getUserById" parameterType="int" resultType="com.kuang.pojo.User">
        select * from mybatis.user where id = #{id}
    </select>

    <insert id="addUser" parameterType="com.kuang.pojo.User">
        insert into mybatis.user(id,name,pwd) values(#{id},#{name},#{pwd})
    </insert>


</mapper>

7.Mapper.xml配置完，需要在mybatis配置文件中进行注册绑定

    <!--每创建一个Mapper.xml都需要在这里注册绑定-->
    <mappers>
        <mapper resource="com/kuang/dao/UserMapper.xml"></mapper>
    </mappers>

8.调用

a)得到SqlSession

        SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();

b)getMapper方法相当于得到了实现类

        UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);

c)调用接口方法

        List<User> userList = mapper.getUserList();

d)关闭

        sqlSession.close();

注意：当对数据库进行增删改时候，需要进行提交事务 sqlSession.commit();

public void test1(){

        SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
        //执行sql
        UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);//getMapper方法相当于得到了实现类
        List<User> userList = mapper.getUserList();

        for (User user : userList) {
            System.out.println(user);
        }

        sqlSession.close();
}

public void test3(){

        SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
        //执行sql
        UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);//getMapper方法相当于得到了实现类

        mapper.addUser(new User(666,"码农","coding"));
        //增删改需要提交事务！！！
        sqlSession.commit();
        test1();

        sqlSession.close();
}

万能Map

 

属性优化：

mybatis-config.xml还可以引用外部资源配置

别名优化：

基本类型的别名：int -> _int(其他同理)

包装类的别名：Integer -> int(其他同理)

映射：（xml注册绑定到mybatis-config）

解决属性名（实体类）与字段名（数据库）不一致情况： 

多表嵌套查询： 

多对一

1.嵌套子查询

2.联表查询（一个select解决，推荐！）

一对多

动态sql： 

if

choose

set

sql

foreach

缓存： 

一级缓存（默认开启）：SqlSession级别的，生存周期只在SqlSession存活期间（openSession->sqlSession.close）

二级缓存（需要将pojo实体序列化）：作用域更大，是namespace级别的，作用于整个Mapper.xml中

查询顺序：二级缓存->一级缓存->数据库