cast between Objective-C and Core Foundation-style objects

If you cast between Objective-C and Core Foundation-style objects, you need to tell the compiler about the ownership semantics of the object using either a cast (defined in objc/runtime.h) or a Core Foundation-style macro (defined in NSObject.h):

• __bridge transfers a pointer between Objective-C and Core Foundation with no transfer of ownership.
• __bridge_retained or CFBridgingRetain casts an Objective-C pointer to a Core Foundation pointer and also transfers ownership to you.You are responsible for calling CFRelease or a related function to relinquish ownership of the object.
• __bridge_transfer or CFBridgingRelease moves a non-Objective-C pointer to Objective-C and also transfers ownership to ARC.ARC is responsible for relinquishing ownership of the object.

__bridge只做类型转换，但是不修改对象（内存）管理权；

__bridge_retained（也可以使用CFBridgingRetain）将Objective-C的对象转换为Core Foundation的对象，同时将对象（内存）的管理权交给我们，后续需要使用CFRelease或者相关方法来释放对象；

__bridge_transfer（也可以使用CFBridgingRelease）将Core Foundation的对象转换为Objective-C的对象，同时将对象（内存）的管理权交给ARC。