1、异常分类
从sap 6.10开始,abap的异常分为两类:1)基于异常类的异常,2)非类异常。非类异常又分为系统定义异常(如:被0除异常)和用户自定义异常(用户自定义函数中由exception语句定义,raise语句产生的异常)。
异常有的是可以截获处理,用户可以截获做相应处理,系统将可以继续执行程序。如果用户不处理,系统将产生错误,并停止执行程序。有的异常为不可截获的错误异常,系统将直接产生错误,并停止执行程序。
2、异常处理语句
基于类异常相关语句:
a)TRY.
... guarded section
CATCH cx11 ... cx1n [INTO ex1].
... handlers for exceptions cx11 to cx1n
CATCH cx21 ... cx2m [INTO ex2].
... handlers for exceptions cx21 bis cx2m
... other handlers
CLEANUP.
... cleanup block
ENDTRY.
b)RAISE EXCEPTION TYPE class.
c)RAISING cx1 ... cxn
非类异常相关语句:
a)catch system-exceptions ARITHMETIC_ERRORS = 4.
....
endcatch.
c) raise (In function or method)
3、异常截获处理方法
Handling exceptions using/with exception classes 截获处理方法
data MYREF type ref to CX_SY_ARITHMETIC_ERROR.
data ERR_TEXT type STRING.
data RESULT type I.
try.
RESULT = 1 / 0.
catch cx_sy_arithmetic_error into MYREF.
ERR_TEXT = MYREF->GET_TEXT( ).
endtry.
Handling exceptions as catchable runtime errors (向后兼容6.10)
此异常处理sap建议使用try...endtry代替(错误和异常类对应关系参见第5部分)。
data RESULT type I.
catch system-exceptions ARITHMETIC_ERRORS = 4.
RESULT = 1 / 0.
endcatch.
if SY-SUBRC = 4.
...
endif.
4、代码样例
a)RAISING cx1 ... cxn
form adbc_exists_view using view_name type dd25l-viewname
changing subrc type sy-subrc
raising cx_sql_exception.
data: stmt type string,
ref type ref to data,
stmt_ref type ref to cl_sql_statement,
res_ref type ref to cl_sql_result_set,
cnt type sy-tabix.
subrc = 4.
create object stmt_ref.
get reference of view_name into ref.
stmt_ref->set_param( ref ).
stmt = 'select count(*) from user_views where view_name = ?'.
res_ref = stmt_ref->execute_query( stmt ).
* Host-Variable zur Ergebnisaufnahme zuordnen
get reference of cnt into ref.
res_ref->set_param( ref ).
res_ref->next( ).
if cnt = 1.
subrc = 0.
endif.
res_ref->close( ).
endform.
form exists_view using view_name type dd25l-viewname
changing subrc type sy-subrc.
try.
perform adbc_exists_view(sdb4fora)
using view_name
changing subrc.
catch cx_sql_exception.
subrc = 8.
endtry.
endform.
b)基于类的异常代码样例
5、错误与异常类对应关系
Exception group: ARITHMETIC_ERRORS
Class-based Exceptions Definition
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
* CLASS class_exception DEFINITION
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
* All Exception Class must inherit from Class CX_ROOT or its subclass
*----------------