前言
本文只针对 RHEL7 和 Centos 7 的Linux操作系统。
MySQL安装可以分为源码包安装和RPM安装。其中源码包可自定义安装目录,但安装速度较慢;RPM安装为RPM默认安装目录,安装速度较快。MySQL 5.x系列 和 8.x 安装过程有部分差异,请根据需要选择安装的方式。
- MySQL 5.x RPM包安装链接
- MySQL 5.x 源码包安装链接
- MySQL 8.x 源码包安装链接
编辑中。。
本文为MySQL 8.x 系列 RPM包安装。
一、基础环境准备
- 虚拟机:CentOS 7.9 x86_64 1核2G 内网IP:192.168.0.112
- 宿主机:Win11
二、检查安装环境
1. 查询是否有mariadb相关rpm包
rpm -qa | grep mariadb
2. 移除所有mariadb rpm包
yum -y remove mariadb-libs-5.5.68-1.el7.x86_64
3. 安装依赖包
yum -y install perl net-tools
三、下载
1. 下载 mysql rpm包
# 创建rpm存放目录
mkdir -p /usr/local/rpm
cd /usr/local/rpm/
wget https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/get/p/23/file/mysql-8.0.21-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
四、安装
1. 解压
tar -xvf mysql-8.0.21-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
2. 安装(各小版本依赖信息可能不一致,根据提示顺序安装依赖即可)
rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-8.0.21-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-8.0.21-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-8.0.21-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-8.0.21-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
五、设置编码格式与启动测试
1. 设置编码格式与端口信息
vim /etc/my.cnf
# 以下为内容
[mysqld]
port=3306 # 新增端口信息(拷贝建议删除注释)
character-set-server=utf8mb4 # 设置编码格式(拷贝建议删除注释)
#
# Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data
# cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.
# innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
#
# Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging
# changes to the binary log between backups.
# log_bin
#
# Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.
# The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.
# Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.
# join_buffer_size = 128M
# sort_buffer_size = 2M
# read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
[mysql] # 新增(拷贝建议删除注释)
default-character-set=utf8mb4 # 设置编码格式(拷贝建议删除注释)
[client] # 新增(拷贝建议删除注释)
default-character-set=utf8mb4 # 设置编码格式(拷贝建议删除注释)
2. 获取root默认密码
systemctl start mysqld
grep "password" /var/log/mysqld.log
3. 登录测试
mysql -uroot -p'8sc?6hAw>T/U'
4. 修改root密码
ALTER user user() identified by 'Flzx3qc@';
flush privileges;
5. 查看版本信息与编码格式
select version();
show variables like '%character%';
6. 开启root远程登录
use mysql;
select host,user,plugin from user;
# if plugin == caching_sha2_password
ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'Flzx3qc@';
update user set host = '%' where user = 'root';
flush privileges;
# if plugin == mysql_native_password
update user set host = '%' where user = 'root';
flush privileges;
结语
以上就是MySQL 8.x在Linux上使用RPM安装,如安装过程中有任何问题,可以联系我的邮箱:2951797466@qq.com。
希望可以帮到你。:)