keepalived实现haproxy负载均衡高可用

keepalived实现haproxy负载均衡高可用

什么是keepalived

keepalived是集群管理中保证集群高可用的一个服务软件，其功能类似于heartbeat，用来防止单点故障。

keepalived如何实现故障切换

keepalived 服务工作时，主master节点会不断地向备用节点发送心跳信息，告诉backup节点自己还活着。当主节点发生故障时，就无法发送心跳了，于是会调用自身的接管程序，接管主节点的ip资源和服务。

keepalived重要功能

keepalived 有三个重要的功能，分别是：

• 管理LVS负载均衡软件
• 实现LVS集群节点的健康检查
• 作为系统网络服务的高可用性（failover）

keepalived实现haproxy负载均衡高可用部署

环境说明：

主机名	IP地址	安装的服务	系统
master	192.168.133.156	haproxy、keepalived	centos8
backup	192.168.133.157	haproxy、keepalived	centos8
RS1	192.168.133.160	httpd	centos8
RS2	192.168.133.161	nginx	centos8

部署web界面

RS1

//修改主机名关闭防火墙和selinux
[root@localhost ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname RS1
[root@localhost ~]# bash
[root@RS1 ~]# setenforce 0
[root@RS1 ~]# sed -ri 's/^(SELINUX=).*/\1disabled/g' /etc/selinux/config
[root@RS1 ~]# systemctl disable --now firewalld.service
Removed /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/firewalld.service.
Removed /etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.fedoraproject.FirewallD1.service.

//配置yum源
[root@RS1 ~]# curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-vault-8.5.2111.repo
  % Total    % Received % Xferd  Average Speed   Time    Time     Time  Current
                                 Dload  Upload   Total   Spent    Left  Speed
100  2495  100  2495    0     0   9415      0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:--  9379
[root@RS1 ~]# sed -i -e '/mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/d' -e '/mirrors.aliyuncs.com/d' /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo

//安装httpd
[root@RS1 ~]# dnf -y install httpd
[root@RS1 ~]# echo 'httpd' > /var/www/html/index.html
[root@RS1 ~]# systemctl enable --now httpd
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/httpd.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service.
[root@RS1 ~]# curl 192.168.183.137
httpd
[root@RS1 ~]# ss -antl
State    Recv-Q   Send-Q     Local Address:Port     Peer Address:Port  Process  
LISTEN   0        128              0.0.0.0:22            0.0.0.0:*              
LISTEN   0        128                    *:80                  *:*              
LISTEN   0        128                 [::]:22               [::]:*         

RS2

//修改主机名关闭防火墙和selinux
[root@localhost ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname RS2
[root@localhost ~]# bash
[root@RS2 ~]# setenforce 0
[root@RS2 ~]# sed -ri 's/^(SELINUX=).*/\1disabled/g' /etc/selinux/config
[root@RS2 ~]# systemctl disable --now firewalld
Removed /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/firewalld.service.
Removed /etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.fedoraproject.FirewallD1.service.

//配置yum源
[root@RS2 ~]# curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-vault-8.5.2111.repo
  % Total    % Received % Xferd  Average Speed   Time    Time     Time  Current
                                 Dload  Upload   Total   Spent    Left  Speed
100  2495  100  2495    0     0  12729      0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:-- 12729
[root@RS2 ~]# sed -i -e '/mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/d' -e '/mirrors.aliyuncs.com/d' /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo

//安装nginx
[root@RS2 ~]# dnf install -y nginx
[root@RS2 ~]# echo 'nginx' > /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html
[root@RS2 ~]# systemctl enable --now nginx
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/nginx.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service.
[root@RS2 ~]# curl 192.168.183.