【北大先修课】计算概论(A)题库全代码

题目很水就是全都是坑真是丧心病狂啊
把代码留下造福后来人QωQ

结构体与链表练习

生日相同2.0
#include<iostream>
#include<cstdio>
#include<cstring>
#include<cmath>
#include<algorithm>
#define MAXN 200
using namespace std;
struct st
{
    int m,d;
    string name;
    bool operator<(const st& a)const{
        if (m!=a.m) return m<a.m;
        if (d!=a.d) return d<a.d;
        if (name.length()!=a.name.length()) return name.length()<a.name.length();
        return name<a.name;
    }
}s[MAXN];
int n;
int lastm,lastd;
int num;
int main()
{
    scanf("%d",&n);
    for (int i=1;i<=n;i++)
        cin>>s[i].name>>s[i].m>>s[i].d;
    sort(s+1,s+n+1);
    lastm=s[1].m,lastd=s[1].d;
    for (int i=2;i<=n;i++)
    {
        if (s[i].m!=lastm||s[i].d!=lastd)
        {
            lastm=s[i].m;
            lastd=s[i].d;
        }
        else num++;
    }
    if (num)
    {
        cout<<s[1].m<<' '<<s[1].d<<' '<<s[1].name<<' ';
        lastm=s[1].m,lastd=s[1].d;
        for (int i=2;i<=n;i++)
        {
            if (s[i].m!=lastm||s[i].d!=lastd)
            {
                cout<<endl;
                lastm=s[i].m;
                lastd=s[i].d;
                cout<<lastm<<' '<<lastd<<' '<<s[i].name<<' ';
            }
            else
                cout<<s[i].name<<' ';
        }
    }
    else cout<<"None"<<endl;
}
删除数组中的元素(链表)

P.s这个题好像并不像他说的那样强制链表
据说有人数组模拟过了…

#include<iostream>
#include<cstdio>
#include<cstring>
#include<cmath>
#include<algorithm>
using namespace std;
struct s
{
    s *prev,*next;
    int num;
};
int n,m;
int main()
{
    s *last=NULL,*temp,*tmp;
    scanf("%d",&n);
    for (int i=1;i<=n;i++)
    {
        int t;
        scanf("%d",&t);
        s *N=new s;
        N->prev=NULL;N->next=NULL;
        N->prev=last;
        if (last) last->next=N;
        N->num=t;
        last=N;
        if (i==1) temp=N;
    }
    tmp=temp;
    scanf("%d",&m);
    while (temp!=NULL)
    {
        if (temp->num==m)
        {
            if (temp->prev) temp->prev->next=temp->next;
            else tmp=temp->next;
            if (temp->next) temp->next->prev=temp->prev;
        }
        temp=temp->next;
    }
    while (tmp!=NULL)
    {
        printf("%d ",tmp->num);
        s *t=tmp;
        tmp=tmp->next;
        delete t;
    }
}
统计学生信息(使用动态链表完成)
#include<iostream>
#include<cstdio>
#include<cstring>
#include<cmath>
#include<algorithm>
using namespace std;
struct st
{
    string num,name,add,sex;
    int age;
    double data;
    st *prev,*next;
};
int main()
{
    string s;
    st *last=NULL;
    while (cin>>s,s!="end")
    {
        st *N=new st;
        N->prev=NULL;N->next=NULL;
        N->num=s;
        cin>>N->name>>N->sex>>N->age>>N->data>>N->add;
        N->prev=last;
        last=N;
    }
    while (last)
    {
        st *t=last;
        cout<<t->num<<' '<<t->name<<' '<<t->sex<<' '<<t->age<<' '<<t->data<<' '<<t->add<<endl;
        last=last->prev;
        delete t;
    }
}

指针练习

数组逆序重放
#include<iostream>
#include<cstdio>
#include<cstring>
#include<cmath>
#include<algorithm>
#define MAXN 110
using namespace std;
int n;
int a[MAXN];
int main()
{
    scanf("%d",&n);
    for (int i=1;i<=n;i++) scanf("%d",&a[i]);
    for (int i=n;i>=1;i--) printf("%d ",a[i]);
}
字符串中最长的连续出现的字符
#include<iostream>
#include<cstdio>
#include<cstring>
#include<cmath>
#include<algorithm>
#define MAXN 1000
using namespace std;
string s;
int T;
int a[MAXN];
int main()
{
    cin>>T;
    while (T--)
    {
        cin>>s;
        memset(a,0,sizeof(a));
        int num=1;
        int maxn=0;
        char t;
        for (int i=1;i<=s.length();i++)
        {
            if (s[i]!=s[i-1])
            {
                if (num>maxn)
                {
                    maxn=num;
                    t=s[i-1];
                }
                num=1;
            }
            else num++;
        }
        cout<<t<<' '<<maxn<<endl;
    }
}
文字排版
#include<iostream>
#include<cstdio>
#include<cstring>
#include<cmath>
#include<algorithm>
#define MAXN 10000
using namespace std;
string s;
int num;
int n;
bool flag;
int main()
{
    scanf("%d",&n);
    for (int i=1;i<=n;i++) 
    {
        cin>>s;
        if (!flag) num+=s.length();
        else num+=s.length()+1;
        if (num<=80)
        {
            if (!flag) cout<<s;
            else cout<<' '<<s;
            flag=1;
        }
        else
        {
            cout<<endl<<s;
            num=s.length();
            flag=1;
        }
    }
}
计算矩阵边缘元素之和

一边读一边处理吧…
要不然如果暴力加减再减去四角容易WA
因为有可能矩阵变成一维的话会出问题好像

#include<iostream>
#include<cstdio>
#include<cstring>
#include<cmath>
#include<algorithm>
#define MAXN 200
using namespace std;
int T;
int m,n;
int main()
{
    cin>>T;
    while (T--)
    {
        cin>>m>>n;
        int x;
        long long sum=0;
        for (int i=1;i<=m;i++)
            for (int j=1;j<=n;j++)
            {
                cin>>x;
                if (i==1||i==m||j==1||j==n) sum+=x;
            }
        cout<<sum<<endl;
    }
}
二维数组右上左下遍历

全题库最蛋疼的题之一

#include<iostream>
#include<cstdio>
#include<cstring>
#include<cmath>
#include<algorithm>
#define MAXN 200
using namespace std;
int m,n;
int a[MAXN][MAXN];
int ans[100000];
int top;
int main()
{
    cin>>m>>n;
    for (int i=1;i<=m;i++)
        for (int j=1;j<=n;j++)
            cin>>a[i][j];
    for (int i=2;i<=m+n;i++)
        for (int j=1;j<=m;j++)
            for (int k=1;k<=n;k++)
                if (j+k==i) ans[++top]=a[j][k];
    for (int i=1;i<=top;i++) printf("%d\n",ans[i]);
}

函数递归练习(4)

回文串判断
#include<iostream>
#include<cstdio>
#include<cstring>
#include<cmath>
#include<algorithm>
using namespace std;
string s1,s2;
int main()
{
    cin>>s1;
    for (int i=s1.length()-1;i>=0;i--) s2+=s1[i];
    if (s1==s2)
        cout<<1<<endl;
    else 
        cout<<0<<endl;
}
八皇后问题

按列搜就能打印出样例的样子

#include<iostream>
#include<cstdio>
#include<cstring>
#include<cmath>
#include<algorithm>
#define MAXN 100
using namespace std;
bool a[MAXN],b[MAXN],c[MAXN],d[MAXN];
bool map[MAXN][MAXN];
int ans;
void dfs(int num,int x)
{
    if (num==8)
    {
        ans++;
        printf("No. %d\n",ans);
        for (int i=1;i<=8;i++)
        {
            for (int j=1;j<=8;j++)
                printf("%d ",map[i][j]);
            printf("\n");
        }
        return;
    }
    for (int i=1;i<=8;i++)
    {
        if (!a[x]&&!b[i]&&!c[i+x]&&!d[i-x+8])
        {
            a[x]=1;
            b[i]=1;
            c[i+x]=1;
            d[i-x+8]=1;
            map[i][x]=1;
            dfs(num+1,x+1);
            a[x]=0;
            b[i]=0;
            c[i+x]=0;
            d[i-x+8]=0;
            map[i][x]=0;
        }
    }
}
int main()
{
    dfs(0,1);
}
取石子游戏

在我blog里还有个什么欧几里得的游戏和这个题是一样的

#include<iostream>
#include<cstdio>
#include<cstring>
#include<cmath>
#include<algorithm>
using namespace std;
int a,b;
bool work(int a,int b,bool x)
{
    if (a/b>=2) return x;
    if (a%b) return work(b,a%b,!x);
    else return x;
}
int main()
{
    while (cin>>a>>b)
    {
        if (a==0&&b==0) break;
        if (a<b) swap(a,b);
        bool pd=0;
        if (a/b>=2) 
        {
            printf("win\n");
            continue;
        }
        pd=work(a,b,1);
        if (pd) 
             printf("win\n");
        else
             printf("lose\n");
    }
}

函数递归练习(3)

全排列

STL大法好

#include<iostream>
#include<cstdio>
#include<cstring>
#include<cmath>
#include<algorithm>
#define MAXN 100
using namespace std;
string s;
int main()
{
    cin>>s;
    do
    {
        cout<<s<<endl;
    }
    while(next_permutation(s.begin(),s.end()));
}
分解因数
#include<iostream>
#include<cstdio>
#include<cstring>
#include<cmath>
#include<algorithm>
using namespace std;
int ans,T,n;
void divide(int x,int last)
{
    if (x==1)
    {
        ans++;
        return;
    }
    for (int i=2;i<=x;i++)
        if (x%i==0&&i<=last) divide(x/i,i);
}
int main()
{
    scanf("%d",&T);
    while (T--)
    {
        ans=0;
        scanf("%d",&n);
        divide(n,n);
        printf("%d\n",ans);
    }
}
走出迷宫

DFS果断的T了233最后写了个Heap-Dijkstra

#include<iostream>
#include<cstdio>
#include<cstring>
#include<cmath>
#include<queue>
#include<algorithm>
#define MAXN 110
#define MAXX 100000
#define MAXINT 0x7fffffff
using namespace std;
bool map[MAXN][MAXN];
int num[MAXN][MAXN];
bool vis[MAXX];
int ans=MAXINT;
int sx,sy,ex,ey;
int S,t;
int n,m;
int top,tp;
string s;
struct edge
{
    int to;
    int w;
    edge *next;
}e[MAXX*2],*prev[MAXX];
struct node
{
    int x;
    int dis;
    bool operator<(const node& a)const{
        return dis>a.dis;
    }
};
int dis[MAXX];
void insert(int u,int v)
{
    e[++tp].to=v;e[tp].w=1;e[tp].next=prev[u];prev[u]=&e[tp];
    e[++tp].to=u;e[tp].w=1;e[tp].next=prev[v];prev[v]=&e[tp];
}
void dijkstra(int s)
{
    priority_queue<node> q;
    for (int i=1;i<=top;i++) dis[i]=MAXINT;
    dis[s]=0;q.push((node){s,dis[s]});
    while (!q.empty())
    {
        node t=q.top();q.pop();
        if (!vis[t.x])
        {
            vis[t.x]=1;
            for (edge *i=prev[t.x];i;i=i->next)
                if (dis[i->to]>dis[t.x]+i->w)
                {
                    dis[i->to]=dis[t.x]+i->w;
                    q.push((node){i->to,dis[i->to]});
                }
        }
    }
}
int main()
{
    cin>>n>>m;
    for (int i=1;i<=n;i++)
        for (int j=1;j<=m;j++)
            map[i][j]=1;
    for (int i=1;i<=n;i++)
    {
        cin>>s;
        for (int j=0;j<s.length();j++)
        {
            num[i][j+1]=++top;
            if (s[j]=='S')
            {
                sx=i;sy=j+1;
                map[i][j+1]=1;
                S=top;
            }
            else
            if (s[j]=='T')
            {
                ex=i;ey=j+1;
                t=top;
            }
            else
            if (s[j]=='#')
                map[i][j+1]=0;
        }
    }
    for (int i=1;i<=n;i++)
        for (int j=1;j<=m;j++)
        {
            if (map[i][j])
            {
                if (map[i][j+1]) insert(num[i][j],num[i][j+1]);
                if (map[i][j-1]) insert(num[i][j],num[i][j-1]);
                if (map[i-1][j]) insert(num[i][j],num[i-1][j]);
                if (map[i+1][j]) insert(num[i][j],num[i+1][j]);
            }
        }
    dijkstra(S);
    cout<<dis[t]<<endl;
}

函数递归练习(2)

扩号匹配问题
#include<iostream>
#include<cstdio>
#include<cstring>
#include<cmath>
#include<algorithm>
#define MAXN 110
using namespace std;
string s;
char ch[MAXN];
struct stack
{
    int x;
    int op;
}a[MAXN];
int top;
int main()
{
    while (getline(cin,s))
    {
        top=0;memset(a,0,sizeof(a));
        for (int i=0;i<s.length();i++)
        {
            if (s[i]=='(') a[++top].x=i,a[top].op=1;
            if (s[i]==')')
            {
                if (a[top].op==1) top--;
                else a[++top].x=i,a[top].op=2;
            }
        }
        for (int i=0;i<s.length();i++) ch[i]=' ';
        for (int i=1;i<=top;i++) 
            if (a[i].op==1) ch[a[i].x]='$';
            else ch[a[i].x]='?';
        cout<<s<<endl;
        for (int i=0;i<s.length();i++) putchar(ch[i]);
        cout<<endl;
    }
}
输出二进制补码

TA说极限情况我的程序会被卡.反正我过了

#include<iostream>
#include<cstdio>
#include<cstring>
#include<cmath>
#include<algorithm>
#define MAXN 100
using namespace std;
string s;
int a;
int ans[MAXN],top;
int main()
{
    
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