【SpringMVC】4.重定向和转发的几种实现方式

方式一：ModelAndView

设置 ModelAndView 对象，根据 view 的名称和视图解析器跳到指定的页面

页面：视图解析器前缀 + viewName + 视图解析器后缀

视图解析器配置：

    <!-- 视图解析器 : 模板引擎Thymeleaf Freemarker-->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver" id="internalResourceViewResolver">
        <!--前缀-->
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
        <!--后缀-->
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
    </bean>

对应的 controller 类：

public class FirstController implements Controller {
    @Override
    public ModelAndView handleRequest(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
        ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView();

        //业务代码
        String result = "Hello，SpringMVC";
        modelAndView.addObject("msg",result);

        //视图跳转（要跳转的页面，这里跳转到test.jsp页面）
        modelAndView.setViewName("test");

        return modelAndView;
    }
}

方式二：ServletAPI

• 通过 HttpServletResponse 进行输出
• 通过 HttpServletResponse 实现重定向
• 通过 HttpServletRequest 实现转发

package com.yuhuofei.controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;

/**
 * @Description
 * @ClassName TestServletApi
 * @Author yuhuofei
 * @Date 2022/7/16 17:10
 * @Version 1.0
 */
@Controller
public class TestServletApi {

    //打印输出
    @RequestMapping("/result/print")
    public void print(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {
        response.getWriter().println("Use Servlet API");
    }

    //请求重定向
    @RequestMapping("/result/redirect")
    public void redirect(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {
        response.sendRedirect("/index.jsp");
    }

    //请求转发
    @RequestMapping("/result/forward")
    public void forward(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException, ServletException {
        request.setAttribute("message", "请求转发");
        request.getRequestDispatcher("/WEB-INF/jsp/test.jsp").forward(request, response);
    }
}

方式三：SprngMVC

无需视图解析器，将视图解析器注释掉

package com.yuhuofei.controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

/**
 * @Description
 * @ClassName TestSpringMvc
 * @Author yuhuofei
 * @Date 2022/7/16 17:27
 * @Version 1.0
 */
@Controller
public class TestSpringMvc {

    //转发
    @RequestMapping("/result/forward")
    public String forward(){
        //方式一
        return "/index.jsp";
        //方式二
        //return "forward:/index.jsp";
    }

    //重定向
    @RequestMapping("/result/redirect")
    public String redirect(){
        return "redirect:/index.jsp";
    }
}

使用视图解析器

package com.yuhuofei.controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

/**
 * @Description
 * @ClassName TestSpringMvc
 * @Author yuhuofei
 * @Date 2022/7/16 17:27
 * @Version 1.0
 */
@Controller
public class TestSpringMvc {

    //转发
    @RequestMapping("/result/forward")
    public String forward(){
        return "index";
    }

    //重定向
    @RequestMapping("/result/redirect")
    public String redirect(){
        return "redirect:/index.jsp";
    }
}

重定向，不需要视图解析器，本质是重新请求一个新的地址或者接口。