RIP环境下的MGRE网络实验

一.实验内容及要求

二.具体配置

1.配置各个设备接口ip地址

R1:

[R1]int g 0/0/0
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/O]ip ad 192.158.1.1 24
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/O]int s 4/0/0
[R1-Serial4/0/O]lip ad 15.0.0.1 8

R2:

[R2]int g 0/0/0
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/O]ip ad 192.158.2.1 24
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/O]int s 4/0/0
[R2-Serial4/0/O]ip ad 25.0.0.1 8

R3:

[R3]int g 0/0/0
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/O]ip ad 192.168.3.1 24
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/O]int s 4/0/0
[R3-Serial4/0/O]ip ad 35.0.0.1 8

R4:

[R4]int g 0/0/0
[R4-GigabitEtherneto/0/O]ip ad 192.168.4.1 24
[R4-GigabitEtherneto/0/O]int g 0/0/1
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip ad 45.0.0.1 8

R5:

[R5]int s 3/0/0
[R5-Serial3/0/O]ip ad 15.0.0.2 8
[R5-Serial3/0/O]int s 3/0/1
[R5-Serial3/0/1]ip ad 25.0.0.2 8
[R5-Serial3/0/1]int s 4/0/0
[R5-Serial4/0/O]ip ad 35.0.0.2 8
[R5-Serial4/0/0]int g 0/0/0
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/O]ip ad 45.0.0.2 8

2.R1和R5间使用PPP的PAP认证,R5为主认证方

主认证方R5配置:

#进入aaa空间
 [R5]aaa
 ​
 #创建账号为huawei1,密码为123456
 [R5-aaa]local-user huawei1 password cipher 123456
 ​
 #定义账号的服务对象
 [R5-aaa]local-user huawei1 service-type ppp
 ​
 #进入端口   
 [R5]interface Serial 3/0/0
 ​
 #修改链路层协议为ppp协议
 [R5-Serial3/0/0]link-protocol ppp
 ​
 #定义PPP的认证模式
 [R5-Serial3/0/0]ppp authentication-mode pap

被认证方R1配置:

 #进入接口
 [R1]interface Serial 4/0/0
 ​
 #拨号操作,携带账号huawei1,密码123456
 [R1-Serial4/0/0]ppp pap local-user huawei1 password cipher 123456

3.R2与R5之间使用PPP的chap认证,R5为主认证方

主认证方R5配置:

#进入aaa空间
 [R5]aaa
 ​
 #创建账号为huawei2,密码为123456
 [R5-aaa]local-user huawei2 password cipher 123456
 ​
 #定义账号的服务对象
 [R5-aaa]local-user huawei1 service-type ppp
 ​
 #进入端口   
 [R5interface Serial 3/0/1
 ​
 #修改链路层协议为ppp协议
 [R5-Serial3/0/1]link-protocol ppp
 ​
 #端口选择认证协议为chap
 [R5-Serial3/0/1]ppp authentication-mode chap

被认证方R2配置:

​
 #进入端口
 [R2]interface Serial 4/0/0
 ​
 #添加账号
 [R2-Serial4/0/0]ppp chap user huawei2
 ​
 #添加账号对应密码
 [R2-Serial4/0/0]ppp chap password cipher 1234567

4.R3与R5之间使用HDLC封装

主认证方R5配置:

 #查看当前端口协议
 [R5]display interface Serial 4/0/0
 ...
 #结果显示当前端口协议为PPP
 Link layer protocol is PPP
 ​
 ​
 #进入端口
 [R5]interface Serial 4/0/0
 ​
 #修改端口协议
 [R5-Serial4/0/0]link-protocol hdlc
 Warning: The encapsulation protocol of the link will be changed. Continue? [Y/N]
 :y
 ...
 ​
 ​
 #查看修改后的端口协议
 [R5]display interface Serial 4/0/0
 ...
 #结果显示当前端口协议为HDLC
 Link layer protocol is nonstandard HDLC
 ...

被认证方R3配置:

#查看端口当前协议
 [R3]display interface Serial 4/0/0
 ...
 #协议显示为PPP
 Link layer protocol is PPP
 ​​
 #进入端口
 [R3]interface Serial 4/0/0
 ​
 #修改端口默认二层协议为HDLC
 [R3-Serial4/0/0]link-protocol hdlc
 Warning: The encapsulation protocol of the link will be changed. Continue? [Y/N]
 :y
 ...
 ​
 #查看修改情况
 [R3]display interface Serial 4/0/0
 ...
 #结果显示当前端口协议为HDLC
 Link layer protocol is nonstandard HDLC

5.R1/R2/R3构建一个MGRE环境,R1为中心站点

中心站点R1配置:

 #配置指向ISP的缺省路由,以保证公网的全通性
 [R1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 15.0.0.2


#创建隧道
 [R1]interface Tunnel 0/0/0
 ​
 #添加隧道IP
 [R1-Tunnel0/0/0]ip address 192.168.5.1 24
 ​
 #定义封装协议
 [R1-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp 
 ​
 # 定义封装内容,源IP地址为自身物理接口IP地址(公网地址)
 [R1-Tunnel0/0/0]source 15.0.0.1
 Jul  7 2024 21:55:42-08:00 AR1 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP
  on the interface Tunnel0/0/0 has entered the UP state. 
  
 #使用NHRP协议获取目的IP
 [R1-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100
 ​
 #查看配置情况
 [R1-Tunnel0/0/0]display this 
 [V200R003C00]
 #
 interface Tunnel0/0/0
  ip address 192.168.5.1 255.255.255.0 
  tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
  source 15.0.0.1
  nhrp network-id 100
 #
 return


分支R2配置:

 #配置通往ISP的缺省路由
 [AR2]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 25.0.0.2
 ​
 #创建隧道   
 [R2]interface Tunnel 0/0/0
 ​
 #给隧道端口配置IP
 [R2-Tunnel0/0/0]ip address 192.168.5.2 24
 ​
 #定义封装协议
 [R2-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp 
 ​
 #定义源
 [R2-Tunnel0/0/0]source 25.0.0.1
 Jul  7 2024 22:06:49-08:00 AR2 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP
  on the interface Tunnel0/0/0 has entered the UP state. 
  
  #使用NHRP协议获取目标IP
 [R2-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100
 ​
 #告诉分支中心是谁,以及怎么把汇报信息发给中心
 [R2-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 192.168.5.1 15.0.0.1 register
 ​
 #查看配置情况
 [R2-Tunnel0/0/0]display this 
 [V200R003C00]
 #
 interface Tunnel0/0/0
  ip address 192.168.5.2 255.255.255.0 
  tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
  source 25.0.0.1
  nhrp network-id 100
  nhrp entry 192.168.5.1 15.0.0.1 register
 #
 return

分支R3配置:

 #配置通往ISP的缺省路由
 [R3]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 35.0.0.2
 ​
 #创建隧道   
 [R3]interface Tunnel 0/0/0
 ​
 #给隧道端口配置IP
 ​
 [R3-Tunnel0/0/0]ip address 192.168.5.3 24
 #定义封装协议
 [R3-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
 ​
 #定义源
 [R3-Tunnel0/0/0]source 35.0.0.1
 Jul  7 2024 22:13:47-08:00 AR3 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP
  on the interface Tunnel0/0/0 has entered the UP state. 
  
  #使用NHRP协议获取目标IP
 [R3-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100
 ​
 #告诉分支中心是谁,以及怎么把汇报信息发给中心
 [R3-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 192.168.5.1 15.0.0.1 register
 ​
 #查看配置情况
 [R3-Tunnel0/0/0]display this 
 [V200R003C00]
 #
 interface Tunnel0/0/0
  ip address 192.168.5.3 255.255.255.0 
  tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
  source 35.0.0.1
  nhrp network-id 100
  nhrp entry 192.168.5.1 15.0.0.1 register
 #
 return

6.R1、R4间为点到点的GRE

R1的配置:

 #创建隧道
 [R1]interface Tunnel 0/0/1
 ​
 #给隧道端口配置IP
 [R1-Tunnel0/0/1]ip address 192.168.6.1 24
 ​
 #定义封装协议
 [R1-Tunnel0/0/1]tunnel-protocol gre
 ​
 #定义源
 [R1-Tunnel0/0/1]source 15.0.0.1
 ​
 #定义目标
 [R1-Tunnel0/0/1]destination 45.0.0.1
 Jul  7 2024 22:19:51-08:00 AR1 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP
  on the interface Tunnel0/0/1 has entered the UP state. 
  
  #配置路由表
 [R1]ip route-static 192.168.4.0 24 192.168.6.2
  
 #查看配置情况
 [R1-Tunnel0/0/1]display this 
 [V200R003C00]
 #
 interface Tunnel0/0/1
  ip address 192.168.6.1 255.255.255.0 
  tunnel-protocol gre
  source 15.0.0.1
  destination 45.0.0.1
 #
 return

R4配置:

 #配置缺省路由连通公网
 [R4]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 45.0.0.2
 ​
 #创建隧道
 [R4]interface Tunnel 0/0/0
 ​
 #给隧道端口配置地址
 [R4-Tunnel0/0/0]ip address 19.168.6.2 24
 ​
 #定义封装协议
 [R4-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre 
 ​
 #定义源
 [R4-Tunnel0/0/0]source 45.0.0.1
 ​
 #定义目标
 [R4-Tunnel0/0/0]destination 15.0.0.1
 Jul  7 2024 22:24:53-08:00 AR4 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP
  on the interface Tunnel0/0/0 has entered the UP state. 
 ​
 #配置路由表
 [R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 24 192.168.6.1
 ​
 #查看配置情况
 [R4-Tunnel0/0/0]display this 
 [V200R003C00]
 #
 interface Tunnel0/0/0
  ip address 19.168.6.2 255.255.255.0 
  tunnel-protocol gre
  source 45.0.0.1
  destination 15.0.0.1
 #
 return

7.私有网络在RIP环境下全网可达

对R1,R2,R3,R4都要进行RIP宣告(每台设备宣告自身所拥有的直连网段)以下展示R1配置,其他设备与R1配置相似:

 #启动RIP
 [R1]rip
 ​
 #选择版本
 [R1-rip-1]version 2
 ​
 #宣告直连网段
 [R1-rip-1]network 192.168.1.0
 [R1-rip-1]network 192.168.5.0
 [R1-rip-1]network 192.168.6.0

三.配置完成后进行全网通测试

 #R1 ping R2的192.168.2.0网段的192.168.2.2
 [R1]ping 192.168.2.2
   PING 192.168.2.2: 56  data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
     Request time out
     Reply from 192.168.2.2: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=127 time=30 ms
     Reply from 192.168.2.2: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=127 time=20 ms
     Reply from 192.168.2.2: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=127 time=40 ms
     Reply from 192.168.2.2: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=127 time=30 ms
 ​
   --- 192.168.2.2 ping statistics ---
     5 packet(s) transmitted
     4 packet(s) received
     20.00% packet loss
     round-trip min/avg/max = 20/30/40 ms
 ​
 #R1 ping R3的192.168.3.0网段的192.168.3.2
 [R1]ping 192.168.3.2
   PING 192.168.3.2: 56  data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
     Request time out
     Reply from 192.168.3.2: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=127 time=20 ms
     Reply from 192.168.3.2: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=127 time=20 ms
     Reply from 192.168.3.2: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=127 time=30 ms
     Reply from 192.168.3.2: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=127 time=20 ms
 ​
   --- 192.168.3.2 ping statistics ---
     5 packet(s) transmitted
     4 packet(s) received
     20.00% packet loss
     round-trip min/avg/max = 20/22/30 ms
 ​
 #R1 ping R4的192.168.4.0网段的192.168.4.2
 [R1]ping 192.168.4.2
   PING 192.168.4.2: 56  data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
     Request time out
     Reply from 192.168.4.2: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=127 time=20 ms
     Reply from 192.168.4.2: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=127 time=20 ms
     Reply from 192.168.4.2: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=127 time=30 ms
     Reply from 192.168.4.2: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=127 time=20 ms
 ​
   --- 192.168.4.2 ping statistics ---
     5 packet(s) transmitted
     4 packet(s) received
     20.00% packet loss
     round-trip min/avg/max = 20/22/30 ms

四.总结

本次实验要求之间直接关联性并不大,每一个点都是可以单独进行学习的,放在一起考察配置,可以发现某一块问题还是很清晰的。本次的重要是GRE环境与MGER环境 的工作原理,数据包的封装,和配置思路,最终实现全网可达。

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