Java HttpServletRequest对象

HttpServletRequest是ServletRequest接口的子接口，代表一个请求对象，用来封装所有从浏览器发送给服务器的数据.具体实现类是tomcat提供的
获取请求行相关的方法：

1. 获取请求方式 ：GET
   String getMethod()
2. (*)获取虚拟目录：/request_demo
3. String getContextPath()
4. 获取Servlet路径: /demo1
   String getServletPath()
5. 获取get方式请求参数：name=zhangsan
   String getQueryString()
6. (*)获取请求URI：/request_demo/demo1
   String getRequestURI(): /request_demo/demo1
   StringBuffer getRequestURL() :http://localhost:8080/request_demo/demo1
7. 获取协议及版本：HTTP/1.1
   String getProtocol()
8. 获取客户机的IP地址：
   String getRemoteAddr()

//请求行案例
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
    //1.获取请求方式
    String method = request.getMethod();
    System.out.println(method);
    //2.获取虚拟目录
    String contextPath = request.getContextPath();
    System.out.println("虚拟目录：" + contextPath);
    //3.获取servlet路径
    String servletPath = request.getServletPath();
    System.out.println("servlet路径：" + servletPath);
    //4.获取请求的参数：name = zhangsan
    String queryString = request.getQueryString();
    System.out.println("参数：" + queryString);
    //5.获取uri
    String requestURI = request.getRequestURI();
    System.out.println("uri==" + requestURI);
    //6.获取url
    StringBuffer requestURL = request.getRequestURL();
    System.out.println("url==" + requestURL);
    //7.获取http协议的版本
    String protocol = request.getProtocol();
    System.out.println("http版本：" + protocol);
    //8.获取客户端端的ip地址
    String remoteAddr = request.getRemoteAddr();
    System.out.println("客户端ip：" + remoteAddr);

    //uri：统一资源标识符，uri:项目名称+servlet路径---共和国
    //url：统一资源定位符，uri:http://ip:8080/项目名称+servlet路径---中华人民共和国
    //获取参数值
    String name = request.getParameter("name");
    System.out.println("name=="+name);
}