C++ 虚继承

查看多继承。当多继承时，classes属性合理，但是name属性会出现麻烦。会出现两个不同name舒属性。

通过虚继承某个基类，就是在告诉编译器，从当前这个类再派生出来的子类只能拥有那个基类的一个实例。

从student 和teacher都虚继承自person类，编译器将确保从student 和teacher 类再派生出来的子类只拥有一份person类的属性。

虚继承语法： class Teacher : virtual public Person{}

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
class Person
{
public:
    Person(std::string theName);
    void intorduce();
protected:
    std::string name;
};

class Teacher: virtual public Person  //注意这里
{
public:
    Teacher(std::string theName, std::string theClass);
    void teach();
    void introduce();
protected:
    std::string classes;
};

class Student : virtual public Person //注意这里
{
public:
    Student(std::string theName, std::string theClass);

    void attendClass();
    void introduce();
protected:
    std::string classes;
};

class TeachingStudent : public Student,public Teacher   //  注意，  这里为 多继承
{
public:
    TeachingStudent(std::string theName, std::string classTeaching, std::string classAttending);

    void introduce();

};

Person::Person(std::string theName)
{
    name = theName;
}

void Person::intorduce()
{
    std::cout<<"大家好 我是"<< name << "。\n\n";
}

Teacher::Teacher(std::string theName, std::string theClass) : Person(theName)
{
    classes = theClass;
}

void Teacher::teach()
{
    std::cout << name <<"教 "<< classes ;
}

void Teacher::introduce()
{
    std::cout<<"大家好 我是"<<name <<"我教"<<classes;
}

Student::Student(std::string theName,std::string theClass):Person(theName)
{
    classes = theClass;
}

void Student::attendClass()
{
    std::cout<<name<<"加入"<<classes<<"学习。\n\n";
}

void Student::introduce()
{
    std::cout<<"大家好,我是"<< name <<",我在 "<<classes<<"学习。\n\n";
}

TeachingStudent::TeachingStudent(std::string theName,
                                 std::string classTeaching,
                                 std::string classAttending)
                                 :
                                 Teacher(theName,classTeaching),
                                 Student(theName,classAttending),
                                 Person(theName)   //注意这里 虚继承的不同，
{

}

void TeachingStudent::introduce()
{
    std::cout<<"大家好我是"<<name<<"。我教"<<Teacher::classes<<",";   // 注意这里  student::name  变为name
    std::cout<<"同时我是"<<Student::classes<<"学习。\n\n";
}
int main()
{
    Teacher teacher("小甲鱼","C++入门");
    Student student("迷途羔羊","C++入门");
    TeachingStudent teachingStudent("丁丁","C++入门","C++进阶");

    teacher.introduce();
    teacher.teach();
    student.introduce();
    student.attendClass();
    teachingStudent.introduce();
    teachingStudent.teach();
    teachingStudent.attendClass();
    
    std::cout<<"tesd";
    return 0;
}