Android开发中控制ScrollView直接滚动到顶部或底部

场景：开发的过程，如果一个页面子View比较多，一个屏幕放不下，此时我们大多会采用ScrollView来实现。然后产品可能会提这种需求，比如某个子View在最底部，产品想要页面进入就直接滑到最底部；或者是当页面滑到最底部时，点击某个按钮直接滑到顶部。

还是先呈上方法，然后再来具体分析

mScrollView.fullScroll(ScrollView.FOCUS_UP);//滑到顶部
mScrollView.fullScroll(ScrollView.FOCUS_DOWN);//滑到底部

为什么可以实现这种效果，我们来看下fullScroll()这个方法的源码

/**
  * <p>Handles scrolling in response to a "home/end" shortcut press. This
  * method will scroll the view to the top or bottom and give the focus
  * to the topmost/bottommost component in the new visible area. If no
  * component is a good candidate for focus, this scrollview reclaims the
  * focus.</p>
  *
  * @param direction the scroll direction: {@link android.view.View#FOCUS_UP}
  *                  to go the top of the view or
  *                  {@link android.view.View#FOCUS_DOWN} to go the bottom
  * @return true if the key event is consumed by this method, false otherwise
  */
    public boolean fullScroll(int direction) {
        boolean down = direction == View.FOCUS_DOWN;
        int height = getHeight();

        mTempRect.top = 0;
        mTempRect.bottom = height;

        if (down) {
            int count = getChildCount();
            if (count > 0) {
                View view = getChildAt(count - 1);
                mTempRect.bottom = view.getBottom() + mPaddingBottom;
                mTempRect.top = mTempRect.bottom - height;
            }
        }

        return scrollAndFocus(direction, mTempRect.top, mTempRect.bottom);
    }

这里我们可以看到实际上是调用了scrollAndFocus()方法，继续来看源码

/**
  * <p>Scrolls the view to make the area defined by <code>top</code> and
  * <code>bottom</code> visible. This method attempts to give the focus
  * to a component visible in this area. If no component can be focused in
  * the new visible area, the focus is reclaimed by this ScrollView.</p>
  *
  * @param direction the scroll direction: {@link android.view.View#FOCUS_UP}
  *                  to go upward, {@link android.view.View#FOCUS_DOWN} to downward
  * @param top       the top offset of the new area to be made visible
  * @param bottom    the bottom offset of the new area to be made visible
  * @return true if the key event is consumed by this method, false otherwise
  */
    private boolean scrollAndFocus(int direction, int top, int bottom) {
        boolean handled = true;

        int height = getHeight();
        int containerTop = getScrollY();
        int containerBottom = containerTop + height;
        boolean up = direction == View.FOCUS_UP;

        View newFocused = findFocusableViewInBounds(up, top, bottom);
        if (newFocused == null) {
            newFocused = this;
        }

        if (top >= containerTop && bottom <= containerBottom) {
            handled = false;
        } else {
            int delta = up ? (top - containerTop) : (bottom - containerBottom);
            doScrollY(delta);
        }

        if (newFocused != findFocus()) newFocused.requestFocus(direction);

        return handled;
    }

看到这里就很明白了吧，最终是调用doScrollY()这个方法，所以能够实现滑动到顶部或者底部的效果

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还没有结束，重点在这里，请仔细看完 - - ->

fullScroll()这个方法不能直接被调用，因为Android中的布局加载需要时间（跟布局的嵌套度以及页面的复杂度等都有关），页面创建不等于view马上就会显示，而是在等待绘制完成，虽然很快，但是如果立即调用fullScroll()，此时view可能还没有完成，这样就会报异常，应该通过handler来调用fullScroll()，具体代码如下：

new Handler().post(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                mScrollView.fullScroll(ScrollView.FOCUS_UP);//滑到顶部
                //mScrollView.fullScroll(ScrollView.FOCUS_DOWN);//滑到底部
            }
        });