Caesar 密码解密

使用 Caesar 密码算法，尝试解密输入的文本时，输出结果不正确。解密代码如下：

alphabet="ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ "
DMessage=input("Enter your message to decrypt")
UDMessage=DMessage.upper()
lenDMessage=len(UDMessage)
offset=(int(input("Enter what you would like your offset to be 0,25")))
offset=offset-2
for x in range(0,lenDMessage):
    for y in range(-25,25):
        if UDMessage[x]==alphabet[y+25]:
            print(x,DMessage,[x], UDMessage[x],alphabet[y+25+offset])

加密的文本输入为 “Caesar code test run”, 但解密结果却是 “ecguctbeqfgbvgubbtwp”。无法正确解密，如何解决这个问题？

2、解决方案

以下是针对此问题的解决方案及代码示例：

解答 1

def shift(c,n=13,alphabet="ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ"):
    u = c.upper()
    if u not in alphabet: return c
    s = alphabet[(alphabet.index(u)+n)%26]
    if u!=c: s=s.lower()
    return s

def caesar(s,n=13): return "".join(shift(c,n) for c in s)

def decaesar(s,n=13): return "".join(shift(c,-n) for c in s)

print(caesar('Puffo Burlone, dove vai?'))
print(decaesar(_))
print(caesar('Puffo Burlone, dove vai?',22))
print(decaesar(_,22))
print(caesar('Puffo Burlonè, dovè vai?'))
print(decaesar(_))

解答 2

def caesar_encrypt(plaintext, shift=13):
    """
    Encrypts a plaintext string using the Caesar cipher.

    Args:
        plaintext (str): The plaintext string to encrypt.
        shift (int, optional): The amount to shift each letter by. Defaults to 13.

    Returns:
        str: The encrypted ciphertext.
    """
    ciphertext = ""
    for char in plaintext:
        if char.isalpha():
            if char.isupper():
                start = ord('A')
            else:
                start = ord('a')

            encrypted_char = chr((ord(char) - start + shift) % 26 + start)
            ciphertext += encrypted_char
        else:
            ciphertext += char

    return ciphertext

def caesar_decrypt(ciphertext, shift=13):
    """
    Decrypts a ciphertext string using the Caesar cipher.

    Args:
        ciphertext (str): The ciphertext string to decrypt.
        shift (int, optional): The amount to shift each letter by. Defaults to 13.

    Returns:
        str: The decrypted plaintext.
    """
    plaintext = ""
    for char in ciphertext:
        if char.isalpha():
            if char.isupper():
                start = ord('A')
            else:
                start = ord('a')

            decrypted_char = chr((ord(char) - start - shift) % 26 + start)
            plaintext += decrypted_char
        else:
            plaintext += char

    return plaintext

print("Caesar cipher example:")
plaintext = "Hello, world!"
encrypted_text = caesar_encrypt(plaintext)
print(f"Plaintext: {plaintext}")
print(f"Encrypted text: {encrypted_text}")
decrypted_text = caesar_decrypt(encrypted_text)
print(f"Decrypted text: {decrypted_text}")

print("\nCustom shift example:")
custom_shift = 5
plaintext = "Top secret message"
encrypted_text = caesar_encrypt(plaintext, custom_shift)
print(f"Plaintext: {plaintext}")
print(f"Encrypted text: {encrypted_text}")
decrypted_text = caesar_decrypt(encrypted_text, custom_shift)
print(f"Decrypted text: {decrypted_text}")