用户需要在一个字符串中替换字符 x 为字符 P,但前提是 x 必须位于引号内的子字符串中。该任务需要在 C# 语言中实现,并假定引号总是成对出现。
2、解决方案
方案 1:
将 Greg Hewgill 的 Python 代码转换为 C# 代码。
[Test]
public void ReplaceTextInQuotes()
{
Assert.AreEqual("axbx'cPdPe'fxgh'iPj'k",
Regex.Replace("axbx'cxdxe'fxgh'ixj'k",
@"x(?=[^']*'([^']|'[^']*')*$)", "P"));
}
方案 2:
示例使用 Python 代码来处理。
import re
result = re.sub(r"x(?=[^']*'([^']|'[^']*')*$)", "P", "axbx'cxdxe'fxgh'ixj'k")
print(result) # "axbx'cPdPe'fxgh'iPj'k"
方案 3:
提供了一个更通用且简单的解决方案,适用于不配对的引号情况。
import re
text = "axbx'cxdxe'fxgh'ixj'k"
s = re.sub("'.*?'", lambda m: re.sub("x", "P", m.group(0)), text)
print(s == "axbx'cPdPe'fxgh'iPj'k", s) # True axbx'cPdPe'fxgh'iPj'k
方案 4:
使用 Tcl 语言提供的正则表达式,详细注释了代码的含义。
set strIn {axbx'cxdxe'fxgh'ixj'k}
set regex {(?x) # enable expanded syntax
# - allows comments, ignores whitespace
x # the actual match
(?= # non-matching group
[^']*' # match to end of current quoted substring
##
## assuming quotes are in pairs,
## make sure we actually were
## inside a quoted substring
## by making sure the rest of the string
## is what we expect it to be
##
(
[^']* # match any non-quoted substring
| # ...or...
'[^']*' # any quoted substring, including the quotes
)* # any number of times
$ # until we run out of string :)
) # end of non-matching group
}
set replRegex {P}
set nMatches [regsub -all -- $regex $strIn $replRegex strOut]
puts "$nMatches replacements. "
if {$nMatches > 0} {
puts "Original: |$strIn|"
puts "Result: |$strOut|"
}
exit
方案 5:
Perl 语言实现,通过使用拆分和替换字符串,实现了在单引号范围内的字符替换。
#!/usr/bin/perl -w
use strict;
# Break up the string.
# The spliting uses quotes
# as the delimiter.
# Put every broken substring
# into the @fields array.
my @fields;
while (<>) {
@fields = split /'/, $_;
}
# For every substring indexed with an odd
# number, search for x and replace it
# with P.
my $count;
my $end = $#fields;
for ($count=0; $count < $end; $count++) {
if ($count % 2 == 1) {
$fields[$count] =~ s/a/P/g;
}
}
方案 6:
使用 gema 库来完成任务,确保了字符串中的替换仅在引号范围内进行。
'<repl>'=$0
repl:x=P
方案 7:
利用 Vim 编辑器,结合正则表达式来处理,但对于存在多对引号的情况,需要确认替换。
:%s:\('[^']*\)x\([^']*'\):\1P\2:gci
方案 8:
正则表达式模式:
(?s)\G((?:^[^']*'|(?<=.))(?:'[^']*'|[^'x]+)*+)x
替换字符串:
\1P