linux下纯手工创建10g数据库

Creating a DB Manually

Step 1: Specify an Instance Identifier (SID)

       gwan （我GF）

Step 2: Ensure That the Required Environment Variables Are Set

       [oracle@Oracle9iDemo dbs]$ touch gwan.env

       ORACLE_SID=gwan

ORACLE_BASE=/u01

ORACLE_HOME=/u01/oracle

PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH

ORACLE_NLS33=$ORACLE_HOME/ocommon/nls/admin/data

LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/$LD_LIBRARY_PATH

 

export ORACLE_SID ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_HOME PATH ORACLE_NLS33 LD_LIBRARY_PATH

Step 3: Choose a DB Administrator Authentification Methods

       #已经拥有operating system authentification， 控制了操作系统边控制了oracle。

Step 4: Create the Initialization Parameter File

       [oracle@node1 dbs]$ strings spfilewade.ora > initgwan.ora

#wade为DBCA创建，也可以create pfile from spfile；

       [oracle@node1 dbs]$ vi initgwan.ora

          #将里面的wade全部由gwan替换。

Step 5: (Windows Only) Create Parameter File

          #我用的linux作为学习环境，不考虑！

Step 6: Connect to the Instance

       [oracle@Oracle9iDemo dbs]$ sqlplus /nolog

 

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Fri Dec 4 19:41:25 2009

 

Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

 

SQL> conn / as sysdba

Connected to an idle instance.

Step 7: Create a Server Parameter File

       SQL> create spfile from pfile;

 

File created.

 

SQL> !

[oracle@Oracle9iDemo dbs]$ ls

crdb01.sql  hc_wade.dat  initgwan.ora  lkWADE     spfilegwan.ora

gwan.env    initdw.ora   init.ora      orapwwade  spfilewade.ora

[oracle@Oracle9iDemo dbs]$ ll

total 60

-rw-r--r--  1 oracle oinstall   263 Dec  1 10:45 gwan.env

-rw-rw----  1 oracle oinstall  1544 Nov 29 22:57 hc_wade.dat

-rw-r-----  1 oracle oinstall 12920 May  3  2001 initdw.ora

-rw-r--r--  1 oracle oinstall   905 Dec  1 10:00 initgwan.ora

-rw-r-----  1 oracle oinstall  8385 Sep 11  1998 init.ora

-rw-rw----  1 oracle oinstall    24 Nov 30 13:49 lkWADE

-rw-r-----  1 oracle oinstall  1536 Nov 30 13:51 orapwwade

-rw-r-----  1 oracle oinstall  2560 Dec  1 11:08 spfilegwan.ora

-rw-r-----  1 oracle oinstall  2560 Nov 30 13:57 spfilewade.ora

#注意两个一样大写的文件，spfilegwan.ora和spfilewade.ora

Step 8: Start the Instance

[oracle@Oracle9iDemo dbs]$ exit

exit

SQL> startup nomount;        #启动数据库实例了，但是还没有mount到DB

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  192937984 bytes

Fixed Size                  1218460 bytes

Variable Size              62916708 bytes

Database Buffers          125829120 bytes

Redo Buffers                2973696 bytes

SQL> ！

[oracle@Oracle9iDemo dbs]$ ps -ef | grep oracle

root      5722  5690  0 09:45 pts/0    00:00:00 su - oracle

oracle    5723  5722  0 09:45 pts/0    00:00:00 -bash

oracle    5833  5723  0 10:13 pts/0    00:00:00 cat

root      5905  5873  0 10:16 pts/2    00:00:00 su - oracle

oracle    5906  5905  0 10:16 pts/2    00:00:00 -bash

oracle    7208  5906  0 11:08 pts/2    00:00:00 sqlplus      

oracle    7231     1  0 11:09 ?        00:00:00 ora_pmon_gwan

oracle    7233     1  0 11:09 ?        00:00:00 ora_psp0_gwan

oracle    7235     1  0 11:09 ?        00:00:00 ora_mman_gwan

oracle    7237     1  0 11:09 ?        00:00:00 ora_dbw0_gwan

oracle    7239     1  0 11:09 ?        00:00:00 ora_lgwr_gwan

oracle    7241     1  0 11:09 ?        00:00:00 ora_ckpt_gwan

oracle    7243     1  0 11:09 ?        00:00:00 ora_smon_gwan

oracle    7245     1  0 11:09 ?        00:00:00 ora_reco_gwan

oracle    7247     1  0 11:09 ?        00:00:00 ora_cjq0_gwan

oracle    7249     1  0 11:09 ?        00:00:00 ora_mmon_gwan

oracle    7251     1  0 11:09 ?        00:00:00 ora_mmnl_gwan

oracle    7253     1  0 11:09 ?        00:00:00 ora_d000_gwan

oracle    7255     1  0 11:09 ?        00:00:00 ora_s000_gwan

oracle    7256  7208  0 11:09 ?        00:00:00 oraclegwan (DESCRIPTION=(LOCAL=YES)(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=beq)))

oracle    7260  7208  0 11:10 pts/2    00:00:00 /bin/bash

oracle    7279  7260  0 11:11 pts/2    00:00:00 ps -ef

oracle    7280  7260  0 11:11 pts/2    00:00:00 grep oracle

#证明实例已经启动起来了！但是DB还没有！

 

Step 9: Issue the CREATE DATABASE statement.

       [oracle@node1 dbs]$ touch crdb01.sql

       [oracle@node1 dbs]$ vi credb01.sql

       spool dbcreate.log;

 

CREATE DATABASE "gwan"

          MAXDATAFILES 500

          MAXINSTANCES 8

          MAXLOGFILES  32

          CHARACTER SET US7ASCII

          NATIONAL CHARACTER SET AL16UTF16

          ARCHIVELOG

          DATAFILE

          '/u01/oradata/gwan/system01.dbf' size 300M REUSE

          SYSAUX DATAFILE 

          '/u01/oradata/gwan/sysaux01.dbf' size 300M REUSE

          EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL

          DEFAULT TEMPORARY TABLESPACE temp TEMPFILE '/u01/oradata/gwan/tempts01.dbf' SIZE 100M

EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL

          UNDO TABLESPACE "UNDOTBS1"

          DATAFILE '/u01/oradata/gwan/undotbs01.dbf' SIZE 200M

          LOGFILE

GROUP 1 (

          '/u01/oradata/gwan/redo01a.rdo',

          '/u01/oradata/gwan/redo01b.rdo'

           ) SIZE 100M,

 GROUP 2 (

           '/u01/oradata/gwan/redo02a.rdo',

           '/u01/oradata/gwan/redo02b.rdo'

           ) SIZE 100M,

 GROUP 3 (

           '/u01/oradata/gwan/redo03a.rdo',

'/u01/oradata/gwan/redo03b.rdo')

SIZE 100M ;

spool off

        #sysaux是10g新增表空间

#在create语句下可以USER SYS IDENTIFIED BY wade

                    USER SYS IDENTIFIED BY gwan，否则分别默认为

change_on_install, manager

 

                    

Step 10: Create Additional Tablespaces

        SQL> create tablespace mytbs datafile ‘/u01/oradata/gwan/mystbs01.dbf’

size 100M extent management local;

        #额外表空间存放用户数据，而非系统表空间里面

Step 11: Run Scripts to Build Data Dictionary Views

        SQL> spool log1.log           

#打印出来便于检查错误,我的log在/home/oracle下面，9i的貌似在dbs下。

        SQL> @/rdbms/admin/catalog.sql;   

        #Creates the views of the DD tables, the dynamic performance views, public synonyms for many the views. Grants PUBLIC access to the synonyms.

#漫长等待，电脑开始超级迟钝,cat log1.log | gre err | more 查看错误。

        SQL> spool log2.log

        SQL> @/rdbms/admin/catproc.sql;  

        #Run all scripts required for or used with PL/SQL

        SQL> spool log3.log

        SQL> @/sqlplus/admin/pupbld.sql;

        #Required for SQL*Plus. Enables SQL*sql to disable commands by user.

Step 12: Run Scripts to Install Additional Options (optional)

        #想玩就去查看Oracle Database Reference

Step 13: Back Up the Database.

        #先放着吧

Step 14: Enable Automatic Instance Startup(optional)