【好文转发】Spring注解开发_Bean生命周期及执行过程

Bean生命周期

了解Bean的生命周期,就可以在Bean声明周期的不同阶段进行自定义的操作,满足更复杂的需求。简单的将Bean生命周期分为三个阶段:Bean创建、初始化、销毁

  • 对象创建:单实例在容器启动的时候创建对象,多实例在每次获取的时候创建对象
    • 初始化之前:BeanPostProcessor.postProcessBeforeInitialization()
  • 初始化:对象创建完成,并赋值好,调用初始化方法
    • 初始化之后:BeanPostProcessor.postProcessAfterInitialization()
  • [容器创建完成]
  • 销毁:单实例在容器关闭的时候销毁,多实例容器不会管理这个bean,容器不会调用销毁方法

现在可以通过下面方法在初始化和销毁时自定义初始化方法来干涉Bean创建过程。

  1. @Bean()注解参数
  2. InitializingBean、DisposableBean接口
  3. @PostConstruct、@PreDestroy注解
  4. BeanPostProcessor接口

1.@Bean生命周期

通过@Bean指定init-method和destroy-method的初始化方法

  • 先自定义Bean初始化和销毁方法

    java
    <span style="background-color:#282b2e"><span style="color:#a9b7c6"><span style="color:#bbb529">@Component</span>
    <span style="color:#cc7832">public</span> <span style="color:#cc7832">class</span> <span style="color:#ffc66d">Car</span> {
    	
    	<span style="color:#cc7832">public</span> <span style="color:#ffc66d">Car</span>(){
    		System.out.println(<span style="color:#6a8759">"car constructor..."</span>);
    	}
    	<span style="color:grey">//现在只是普通方法</span>
    	<span style="color:#cc7832">public</span> <span style="color:#cc7832">void</span> <span style="color:#ffc66d">init</span>(){
    		System.out.println(<span style="color:#6a8759">"car ... init..."</span>);
    	}
    	<span style="color:grey">//现在只是普通方法</span>
    	<span style="color:#cc7832">public</span> <span style="color:#cc7832">void</span> <span style="color:#ffc66d">detory</span>(){
    		System.out.println(<span style="color:#6a8759">"car ... destory..."</span>);
    	}
    
    }</span></span>
  • 配置进容器

    • 通过@Bean注解,在@Bean注册进容器时指定自定义方法
    java
    <span style="background-color:#282b2e"><span style="color:#a9b7c6"><span style="color:#bbb529">@Configuration</span>
    <span style="color:#cc7832">public</span> <span style="color:#cc7832">class</span> <span style="color:#ffc66d">MainConfigOfLifeCycle</span> {
    	
    	<span style="color:grey">//@Scope("prototype")多实例,不管销毁</span>
    	<span style="color:grey">//指定用于初始化和销毁的方法</span>
    	<span style="color:#bbb529">@Bean(initMethod="init",destroyMethod="destory")</span>
    	<span style="color:#cc7832">public</span> Car <span style="color:#ffc66d">car</span>(){
    		<span style="color:#cc7832">return</span> <span style="color:#cc7832">new</span> Car();
    	}
    
    }</span></span>
  • 测试

    java
    <span style="background-color:#282b2e"><span style="color:#a9b7c6"><span style="color:#cc7832">public</span> <span style="color:#cc7832">class</span> <span style="color:#ffc66d">IOCTest_LifeCycle</span> {
    	
    	<span style="color:#bbb529">@Test</span>
    	<span style="color:#cc7832">public</span> <span style="color:#cc7832">void</span> <span style="color:#ffc66d">test01</span>(){
    		<span style="color:grey">//1、创建ioc容器</span>
    		AnnotationConfigApplicationContext applicationContext = <span style="color:#cc7832">new</span> AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(MainConfigOfLifeCycle.class);
    		System.out.println(<span style="color:#6a8759">"容器创建完成..."</span>);
    		
    		<span style="color:grey">//applicationContext.getBean("car");</span>
    		<span style="color:grey">//关闭容器</span>
    		applicationContext.close();
    	}
    
    }</span></span>

    输出

    java
    <span style="background-color:#282b2e"><span style="color:#a9b7c6"><span style="color:grey">//先创建对象</span>
    car constructor...
    <span style="color:grey">//再自定义初始化方法</span>
    car ... init...
    <span style="color:grey">//创建完成</span>
    容器创建完成...
    <span style="color:grey">//关闭时自定义销毁方法</span>
    car ... destory...</span></span>

2.InitializingBean,DisposableBean生命周期

接口,需实现,通过让Bean实现InitializingBean(定义初始化逻辑),DisposableBean(定义销毁逻辑);

  • 实现接口,自定义初始化Bean

    java
    <span style="background-color:#282b2e"><span style="color:#a9b7c6"><span style="color:#cc7832">public</span> <span style="color:#cc7832">class</span> <span style="color:#ffc66d">Cat</span> <span style="color:#cc7832">implements</span> <span style="color:#ffc66d">InitializingBean</span>,<span style="color:#ffc66d">DisposableBean</span> {
    	
    	<span style="color:#cc7832">public</span> <span style="color:#ffc66d">Cat</span>(){
    		System.out.println(<span style="color:#6a8759">"cat constructor..."</span>);
    	}
    
    	<span style="color:grey">//定义销毁逻辑</span>
    	<span style="color:#bbb529">@Override</span>
    	<span style="color:#cc7832">public</span> <span style="color:#cc7832">void</span> <span style="color:#ffc66d">destroy</span>() <span style="color:#cc7832">throws</span> Exception {
    		<span style="color:grey">// TODO Auto-generated method stub</span>
    		System.out.println(<span style="color:#6a8759">"cat...destroy..."</span>);
    	}
    
    	<span style="color:grey">//定义初始化逻辑</span>
    	<span style="color:#bbb529">@Override</span>
    	<span style="color:#cc7832">public</span> <span style="color:#cc7832">void</span> <span style="color:#ffc66d">afterPropertiesSet</span>() <span style="color:#cc7832">throws</span> Exception {
    		<span style="color:grey">// TODO Auto-generated method stub</span>
    		System.out.println(<span style="color:#6a8759">"cat...afterPropertiesSet..."</span>);
    	}
    
    }</span></span>
  • 配置进容器

    • 在@Configuration配置类中使用@Bean
    • 或在Bean类上使用@Component然后再配置类上使用@ComponentScan
    java
    <span style="background-color:#282b2e"><span style="color:#a9b7c6"><span style="color:grey">//配置组件</span>
    <span style="color:#bbb529">@Component</span>
    <span style="color:#cc7832">public</span> <span style="color:#cc7832">class</span> <span style="color:#ffc66d">Cat</span> <span style="color:#cc7832">implements</span> <span style="color:#ffc66d">InitializingBean</span>,<span style="color:#ffc66d">DisposableBean</span> {
    	<span style="color:grey">//...</span>
    }</span></span>
    java
    <span style="background-color:#282b2e"><span style="color:#a9b7c6"><span style="color:grey">//扫描进容器</span>
    <span style="color:#bbb529">@ComponentScan("com.xxx.bean")</span>
    <span style="color:#bbb529">@Configuration</span>
    <span style="color:#cc7832">public</span> <span style="color:#cc7832">class</span> <span style="color:#ffc66d">MainConfigOfLifeCycle</span> {
    	<span style="color:grey">//...</span>
    }</span></span>
  • 测试

    java
    <span style="background-color:#282b2e"><span style="color:#a9b7c6"><span style="color:#cc7832">public</span> <span style="color:#cc7832">class</span> <span style="color:#ffc66d">IOCTest_LifeCycle</span> {
    	
    	<span style="color:#bbb529">@Test</span>
    	<span style="color:#cc7832">public</span> <span style="color:#cc7832">void</span> <span style="color:#ffc66d">test01</span>(){
    		<span style="color:grey">//1、创建ioc容器</span>
    		AnnotationConfigApplicationContext applicationContext = <span style="color:#cc7832">new</span> AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(MainConfigOfLifeCycle.class);
    		System.out.println(<span style="color:#6a8759">"容器创建完成..."</span>);
    		
    		<span style="color:grey">//applicationContext.getBean("car");</span>
    		<span style="color:grey">//关闭容器</span>
    		applicationContext.close();
    	}
    }</span></span>

    输出

    java
    <span style="background-color:#282b2e"><span style="color:#a9b7c6"><span style="color:grey">//注意顺序,每个Bean先构造并初始化,然后才进行下一个Bean,关闭时从内向外</span>
    (猫)cat constructor...
    (猫)cat...afterPropertiesSet...
    (车)car constructor...
    (车)car ... init...
    <span style="color:grey">//创建完成</span>
     容器创建完成...
    <span style="color:grey">//关闭时销毁</span>
    (车)car ... destory...
    (猫)cat...destroy...</span></span>

3.@PostConstruct生命周期

可以使用JSR250;

  • @PostConstruct:在bean创建完成并且属性赋值完成之后,来执行初始化方法

  • @PreDestroy:在容器销毁bean之前通知我们进行清理工作

  • 标注注解,自定义初始化Bean

    java
    <span style="background-color:#282b2e"><span style="color:#a9b7c6"><span style="color:#cc7832">public</span> <span style="color:#cc7832">class</span> <span style="color:#ffc66d">Dog</span> {
    
    	<span style="color:#cc7832">public</span> <span style="color:#ffc66d">Dog</span>(){
    		System.out.println(<span style="color:#6a8759">"dog constructor..."</span>);
    	}
    	
    	<span style="color:grey">//对象创建并赋值之后调用</span>
    	<span style="color:#bbb529">@PostConstruct</span>
    	<span style="color:#cc7832">public</span> <span style="color:#cc7832">void</span> <span style="color:#ffc66d">init</span>(){
    		System.out.println(<span style="color:#6a8759">"Dog....@PostConstruct..."</span>);
    	}
    	
    	<span style="color:grey">//容器移除对象之前</span>
    	<span style="color:#bbb529">@PreDestroy</span>
    	<span style="color:#cc7832">public</span> <span style="color:#cc7832">void</span> <span style="color:#ffc66d">detory</span>(){
    		System.out.println(<span style="color:#6a8759">"Dog....@PreDestroy..."</span>);
    	}
    }</span></span>
  • 配置进容器

    • 在@Configuration配置类中使用@Bean
    • 或在Bean类上使用@Component然后再配置类上使用@ComponentScan
    java
    <span style="background-color:#282b2e"><span style="color:#a9b7c6"><span style="color:#bbb529">@Component</span>
    <span style="color:#cc7832">public</span> <span style="color:#cc7832">class</span> <span style="color:#ffc66d">Dog</span> {
    	<span style="color:grey">//...</span>
    }</span></span>
    java
    <span style="background-color:#282b2e"><span style="color:#a9b7c6"><span style="color:grey">//扫描进容器</span>
    <span style="color:#bbb529">@ComponentScan("com.xxx.bean")</span>
    <span style="color:#bbb529">@Configuration</span>
    <span style="color:#cc7832">public</span> <span style="color:#cc7832">class</span> <span style="color:#ffc66d">MainConfigOfLifeCycle</span> {
    	<span style="color:grey">//...</span>
    }</span></span>
  • 测试

    java
    <span style="background-color:#282b2e"><span style="color:#a9b7c6"><span style="color:#cc7832">public</span> <span style="color:#cc7832">class</span> <span style="color:#ffc66d">IOCTest_LifeCycle</span> {
    	
    	<span style="color:#bbb529">@Test</span>
    	<span style="color:#cc7832">public</span> <span style="color:#cc7832">void</span> <span style="color:#ffc66d">test01</span>(){
    		<span style="color:grey">//1、创建ioc容器</span>
    		AnnotationConfigApplicationContext applicationContext = <span style="color:#cc7832">new</span> AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(MainConfigOfLifeCycle.class);
    		System.out.println(<span style="color:#6a8759">"容器创建完成..."</span>);
    		
    		<span style="color:grey">//applicationContext.getBean("car");</span>
    		<span style="color:grey">//关闭容器</span>
    		applicationContext.close();
    	}
    
    }</span></span>

    输出

    java
    <span style="background-color:#282b2e"><span style="color:#a9b7c6"><span style="color:grey">//注意顺序,每个Bean先构造并初始化,然后才进行下一个Bean,关闭时从内向外</span>
    (猫)cat constructor...
    (猫)cat...afterPropertiesSet...
    (狗)dog constructor...
    (狗)Dog....<span style="color:#bbb529">@PostConstruct</span>...
    (车)car constructor...
    (车)car ... init...
    <span style="color:grey">//创建完成</span>
    容器创建完成...
    <span style="color:grey">//关闭时销毁</span>
    (车)car ... destory...
    (狗)Dog....<span style="color:#bbb529">@PreDestroy</span>...
    (猫)cat...destroy...</span></span>

4.BeanPostProcessor

postProcessBeforeInitialization:在创建Bean实例之后,在自定义初始化之前进行调用

postProcessAfterInitialization:在自定义初始化之后进行调用

BeanPostProcessor接口:bean的后置处理器,需实现,在bean初始化前后进行一些处理工作

  • postProcessBeforeInitialization:(自定义初始化,如InitializingBean[afterPropertiesSet]、init-method等,就是上面那些自定义初始化方法)初始化之前工作(创建Bean实例之后,在自定义初始化之前)

  • postProcessAfterInitialization:在(自定义)初始化之后工作

  • 实现后置处理器接口

    java
    <span style="background-color:#282b2e"><span style="color:#a9b7c6"><span style="color:#cc7832">public</span> <span style="color:#cc7832">class</span> <span style="color:#ffc66d">MyBeanPostProcessor</span> <span style="color:#cc7832">implements</span> <span style="color:#ffc66d">BeanPostProcessor</span> {
    
    	<span style="color:grey">//初始化前置方法</span>
    	<span style="color:grey">//bean:新创建的实例,还未初始化</span>
    	<span style="color:grey">//beanName:未初始化的Bean名字</span>
    	<span style="color:#bbb529">@Override</span>
    	<span style="color:#cc7832">public</span> Object <span style="color:#ffc66d">postProcessBeforeInitialization</span>(Object bean, String beanName) <span style="color:#cc7832">throws</span> BeansException {
    		<span style="color:grey">// TODO Auto-generated method stub</span>
    		System.out.println(<span style="color:#6a8759">"postProcessBeforeInitialization..."</span>+beanName+<span style="color:#6a8759">"=>"</span>+bean);
    		<span style="color:#cc7832">return</span> bean;
    	}
    	<span style="color:grey">//初始化后置方法</span>
    	<span style="color:#bbb529">@Override</span>
    	<span style="color:#cc7832">public</span> Object <span style="color:#ffc66d">postProcessAfterInitialization</span>(Object bean, String beanName) <span style="color:#cc7832">throws</span> BeansException {
    		<span style="color:grey">// TODO Auto-generated method stub</span>
    		System.out.println(<span style="color:#6a8759">"postProcessAfterInitialization..."</span>+beanName+<span style="color:#6a8759">"=>"</span>+bean);
    		<span style="color:#cc7832">return</span> bean;
    	}
        
    }</span></span>
  • 配置进容器

    • 在@Configuration配置类中使用@Bean
    • 或在Bean类上使用@Component然后再配置类上使用@ComponentScan
    java
    <span style="background-color:#282b2e"><span style="color:#a9b7c6"><span style="color:#bbb529">@Component</span>
    <span style="color:#cc7832">public</span> <span style="color:#cc7832">class</span> <span style="color:#ffc66d">MyBeanPostProcessor</span> <span style="color:#cc7832">implements</span> <span style="color:#ffc66d">BeanPostProcessor</span> {
    
        <span style="color:grey">//...</span>
    }</span></span>
    java
    <span style="background-color:#282b2e"><span style="color:#a9b7c6"><span style="color:grey">//扫描进容器</span>
    <span style="color:#bbb529">@ComponentScan("com.xxx.bean")</span>
    <span style="color:#bbb529">@Configuration</span>
    <span style="color:#cc7832">public</span> <span style="color:#cc7832">class</span> <span style="color:#ffc66d">MainConfigOfLifeCycle</span> {
    	<span style="color:grey">//...</span>
    }</span></span>
  • 测试

    • 这次没有新增的Bean,只配置了一个后置处理器,
    • 这个后置处理器会对容器中的Bean起作用,包括上面三种自定义初始化Bean
    java
    <span style="background-color:#282b2e"><span style="color:#a9b7c6"><span style="color:#cc7832">public</span> <span style="color:#cc7832">class</span> <span style="color:#ffc66d">IOCTest_LifeCycle</span> {
    	
    	<span style="color:#bbb529">@Test</span>
    	<span style="color:#cc7832">public</span> <span style="color:#cc7832">void</span> <span style="color:#ffc66d">test01</span>(){
    		<span style="color:grey">//1、创建ioc容器</span>
    		AnnotationConfigApplicationContext applicationContext = <span style="color:#cc7832">new</span> AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(MainConfigOfLifeCycle.class);
    		System.out.println(<span style="color:#6a8759">"容器创建完成..."</span>);
    		
    		<span style="color:grey">//applicationContext.getBean("car");</span>
    		<span style="color:grey">//关闭容器</span>
    		applicationContext.close();
    	}
    
    }</span></span>

    输出

    java
    <span style="background-color:#282b2e"><span style="color:#a9b7c6"><span style="color:grey">//对于每一个Bean都要执行一遍</span>
    <span style="color:grey">//1.创建</span>
    <span style="color:grey">//2.BeanPostProcessor.postProcessBeforeInitialization()</span>
    <span style="color:grey">//3.初始化:对象创建完成,并赋值好,调用初始化方法...</span>
    <span style="color:grey">//4.BeanPostProcessor.postProcessAfterInitialization()</span>
    <span style="color:grey">//5.销毁</span>
    
    
    <span style="color:grey">//以其中一个Bean为例:</span>
    <span style="color:grey">//构造对象</span>
    cat constructor...
    <span style="color:grey">//初始化之前</span>
    postProcessBeforeInitialization...cat=>com.xxx.bean.Cat@7d68ef40
    <span style="color:grey">//使用InitializingBean自定义初始化逻辑</span>
    cat...afterPropertiesSet...
    <span style="color:grey">//初始化之后</span>
    postProcessAfterInitialization...cat=>com.xxx.bean.Cat@7d68ef40
    <span style="color:grey">//创建完成</span>
    容器创建完成...
    <span style="color:grey">//关闭时销毁</span>
    cat ... destroy...</span></span>

⭐BeanPostProcessor原理

bean赋值,注入其他组件,@Autowired,生命周期注解功能,@Async,xxxBeanPostProcessor都通过BeanPostProcessor实现

详细视频 尚硅谷Spring注解驱动教程(雷丰阳源码级讲解)_哔哩哔哩_bilibili

主要方法

java
<span style="background-color:#282b2e"><span style="color:#a9b7c6">populateBean(beanName, mbd, instanceWrapper):给bean进行属性赋值
initializeBean:初始化Bean
{
    applyBeanPostProcessorsBeforeInitialization(wrappedBean, beanName);初始化前应用后置处理器
    invokeInitMethods(beanName, wrappedBean, mbd);执行自定义初始化
    applyBeanPostProcessorsAfterInitialization(wrappedBean, beanName);初始化后应用后置处理器
}
遍历得到容器中所有的BeanPostProcessor;挨个执行beforeInitialization,
一但返回<span style="color:#cc7832">null</span>,跳出<span style="color:#cc7832">for</span>循环</span></span>

执行过程

了解BeanPostProcessor的执行过程,从AnnotationConfigApplicationContext开始Debug

java
<span style="background-color:#282b2e"><span style="color:#a9b7c6"><span style="color:#cc7832">public</span> <span style="color:#cc7832">class</span> <span style="color:#ffc66d">IOCTest_LifeCycle</span> {
	
	<span style="color:#bbb529">@Test</span>
	<span style="color:#cc7832">public</span> <span style="color:#cc7832">void</span> <span style="color:#ffc66d">test01</span>(){
		<span style="color:grey">//1、创建ioc容器</span>
		AnnotationConfigApplicationContext applicationContext = <span style="color:#cc7832">new</span> AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(MainConfigOfLifeCycle.class);
		System.out.println(<span style="color:#6a8759">"容器创建完成..."</span>);
		
		<span style="color:grey">//applicationContext.getBean("car");</span>
		<span style="color:grey">//关闭容器</span>
		applicationContext.close();
	}
}</span></span>
  1. 先从创建ioc容器开始,进入AnnotationConfigApplicationContext()构造方法,执行里面的refresh()方法刷新容器
    1. refresh()方法里面有一个finishBeanFactoryInitialization(beanFactory)初始化所有剩余的单实例对象,进入这个方法
  2. 这个方法最后一步有一个beanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons()初始化所有单实例Bean,进入这个方法
    1. 触发所有非惰性单例bean的初始化
    2. 里面调用getBean(beanName)
    3. 进入getBean(beanName)里面再调用doGetBean(name,null,null,false)
    4. 进入doGetBean(name,null,null,false)里面有getSingleton(beanName,new ObjectFactory(){singletonFactory.getObject()})通过匿名内部类调用getObject()
  3. 此时通过匿名类getObject()进入下一个调用栈AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(),如果是单例,调用createBean(beanName,mbd,args)
  4. 进入createBean(beanName,mbd,args)调用doCreateBean(beanName,mbd,args)创建一个实例,过程如下
    1. 进入doCreateBean(beanName,mbd,args),里面调用一个initializeBean(beanName,exposedObject,mbd)初始化方法,这个方法里面就是调用的后置处理器
    2. 在这个方法上面有populateBean(beanName,mbd,instanceWrapper)方法,这个方法为Bean属性赋值
    3. 进入initializeBean(beanName,exposedObject,mbd),下面有一个invokeInitMethods(beanName,wrappedBean,mbd)执行初始化方法(就是上面的自定义初始化InitializingBean[afterPropertiesSet]、init-method)
    4. invokeInitMethods(beanName,wrappedBean,mbd)[在初始化之前应用 BeanPost 处理器]上面有一个applyBeanPostProcessorsBeforeInitialization(wrappedBean,beanName)下面有一个applyBeanPostProcessorsAfterInitialization(wrappedBean,beanName)[在初始化之后应用 BeanPost 处理器],作用是在初始化之前应用所有的BeanPostProcessors在初始化之后应用所有的BeanPostProcessors
  5. 进入applyBeanPostProcessorsBeforeInitialization(wrappedBean,beanName)
    1. 里面有getBeanPostProcessors()找到所有BeanPostProcessors遍历,包括Spring系统的BeanPostProcessorApplicationContextAwareProcessorConfigurationClassPostProcessor等,然后才是自定义的MyBeanPostProcessor,依次执行beanProcessor.postProcessBeforeInitialization()
    2. 如果有执行返回null,就结束遍历,返回null,后面的处理器就不执行了(不应用后续的BeanPostProcessors了)

调用栈

  • 获取单例

  • 创建实例Bean

  • 给Bean属性赋值和初始化Bean

完整流程

Spring底层对 BeanPostProcessor 的使用;

  1. 由上图可以看到,Spring中的BeanPostProcessor在实例化过程处于的位置,BeanPostProcessor接口有两个方法需要实现:postProcessBeforeInitialization和postProcessAfterInitialization
  2. 前者在实例化及依赖注入完成后、在任何初始化代码(比如配置文件中的init-method)调用之前调用;后者在初始化代码调用之后调用。

⭐BeanPostProcessor在Spring底层的使用

许多注解底层都是基于BeanPostProcessor

BeanPostProcessor接口实现类

向组件中注入IoC容器

在Bean创建过程中,初始化之前,判断是否实现了某Aware接口,如果实现了,就向Bean中注入ApplicationContext容器

  • 向Bean中注入IoC容器

    • 实现ApplicationContextAware接口,声明属性,赋值,就可以在组件中使用Ioc容器

      java
      <span style="background-color:#282b2e"><span style="color:#a9b7c6"><span style="color:#bbb529">@Component</span>
      <span style="color:#cc7832">public</span> <span style="color:#cc7832">class</span> <span style="color:#ffc66d">Dog</span> <span style="color:#cc7832">implements</span> <span style="color:#ffc66d">ApplicationContextAware</span> {
      	
      	<span style="color:grey">//声明IoC容器</span>
      	<span style="color:#cc7832">private</span> ApplicationContext applicationContext;
      	
      	<span style="color:#cc7832">public</span> <span style="color:#ffc66d">Dog</span>(){
      		System.out.println(<span style="color:#6a8759">"dog constructor..."</span>);
      	}
      	
      	<span style="color:grey">//对象创建并赋值之后调用</span>
      	<span style="color:#bbb529">@PostConstruct</span>
      	<span style="color:#cc7832">public</span> <span style="color:#cc7832">void</span> <span style="color:#ffc66d">init</span>(){
      		System.out.println(<span style="color:#6a8759">"Dog....@PostConstruct..."</span>);
      	}
      	
      	<span style="color:grey">//容器移除对象之前</span>
      	<span style="color:#bbb529">@PreDestroy</span>
      	<span style="color:#cc7832">public</span> <span style="color:#cc7832">void</span> <span style="color:#ffc66d">detory</span>(){
      		System.out.println(<span style="color:#6a8759">"Dog....@PreDestroy..."</span>);
      	}
      
      	<span style="color:grey">//把applicationContext IoC容器赋值给属性</span>
      	<span style="color:#bbb529">@Override</span>
      	<span style="color:#cc7832">public</span> <span style="color:#cc7832">void</span> <span style="color:#ffc66d">setApplicationContext</span>(ApplicationContext applicationContext) <span style="color:#cc7832">throws</span> BeansException {
      		<span style="color:grey">// TODO Auto-generated method stub</span>
      		<span style="color:#cc7832">this</span>.applicationContext = applicationContext;
      	}
      }</span></span>
  • 原理是通过ApplicationContextAwareProcessor实现

    • ApplicationContextAwareProcessor实现了BeanPostProcessor接口

    • postProcessBeforeInitialization()方法中

      1. 在Bean初始化之前,判断Bean是否实现了ApplicationContextAware接口,或其他Aware接口
      2. 如果实现了,就调用invokeAwareInterfaces(bean)给Bean注入值
      3. 判断Bean是什么类型Aware,将Bean转成对应类型调用((ApplicationContextAware)bean).setApplicationContext(this.applicationContext)注入IoC容器
      4. 于是就到了上面实现的接口的未实现方法中

数据校验

  • BeanValidationPostProcessor也实现了BeanPostProcessor接口
  • 在Bean创建完赋值后,同样调用postProcessBeforeInitialization()方法,进行数据校验
    • postProcessBeforeInitialization(){doValidate(bean)}
    • postProcessAfterInitialization(){doValidate(bean)}

自定义初始化注解

  • Bean初始化有一种方法是使用@PostConstruct注解,也是通过BeanPostProcessor实现
  • InitDestroyAnnotationBeanPostProcessor处理@PostConstruct@PreDestroy注解
    • postProcessBeforeInitialization()中找到Bean的生命周期注解所标注的方法,如initMethods、destroyMethods
    • 找到之后就执行注解标注的初始化方法metatata.invokeInitMethods(bean,beanName)element.invoke(target),利用反射执行。

自动注入注解@Autowired

  • 为什么@Autowired能够自动注入值,是通过这个AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor实现BeanPostProcessors接口
  • 在对象创建完之后,处理标注@Autowired标注的所有属性进行注入值

转自:浅尝Spring注解开发_Bean生命周期及执行过程 - 蔚然丶丶 - 博客园

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