ffmpeg 之 http 分析 二

1 前言

  本文我们学习关于HTTP 是如何在FFMPEG 中实现的，关于HTTP 协议部分请参考《ffmpeg 之 http 分析 一》， 只有熟悉了http 协议部分，我们在阅读http 源码时才能有的放矢，不至于迷失方向。 和其他demuxer 一样， 我们从分析其给外界开出的API 入手。

const URLProtocol ff_http_protocol = {
    .name                = "http",
    .url_open2           = http_open,
    .url_accept          = http_accept,
    .url_handshake       = http_handshake,
    .url_read            = http_read,
    .url_write           = http_write,
    .url_seek            = http_seek,
    .url_close           = http_close,
    .url_get_file_handle = http_get_file_handle,
    .url_get_short_seek  = http_get_short_seek,
    .url_shutdown        = http_shutdown,
    .priv_data_size      = sizeof(HTTPContext),
    .priv_data_class     = &http_context_class,
    .flags               = URL_PROTOCOL_FLAG_NETWORK,
    .default_whitelist   = "http,https,tls,rtp,tcp,udp,crypto,httpproxy"
};

2 http_open()

   关于http_open() 函数， 关于http 协议往下就是tcp 协议， 因此在http_open() 时就会往下call ffurl_open_whitelist()  tcp open，噢，对了不是tcp 协议还有三次握手吗？ 就是这个函数到tcp 协议层时会由三次握手操作。 保持tcp open 建立连接之后，客户端就需要发送请求报文， 也是就是在http_connect() 函数中实现的类容。

为了更直观的了解http_open() 这个函数， 抓了关于http 的网络包进行分析。 如下图所示，第9，10，11三个网络包乃是三次握手的数据包。接下来就发送GET http 请求报文。

    if (s->method)
        method = s->method;
    else
        method = post ? "POST" : "GET";

....

    ret = snprintf(s->buffer, sizeof(s->buffer),   // 请求报文，通过snprintf() 打包到buff 中
             "%s %s HTTP/1.1\r\n"
             "%s"
             "%s"
             "%s"
             "%s%s"
             "\r\n",
             method,
             path,
             post && s->chunked_post ? "Transfer-Encoding: chunked\r\n" : "",
             headers,
             authstr ? authstr : "",
             proxyauthstr ? "Proxy-" : "", proxyauthstr ? proxyauthstr : "");

 发送完请求报文之后，就等待服务端发送响应报文过来，在process_line() 中处理服务端的响应报文。

static int process_line(URLContext *h, char *line, int line_count,
                        int *new_location)
{
    HTTPContext *s = h->priv_data;
    const char *auto_method =  h->flags & AVIO_FLAG_READ ? "POST" : "GET";
    char *tag, *p, *end, *method, *resource, *version;
    int ret;

    p = line;
    if (line_count == 0) {
        if (s->is_connected_server) {  //错误处理
            // HTTP method
            method = p;
            while (*p && !av_isspace(*p))
                p++;
            *(p++) = '\0';
            av_log(h, AV_LOG_TRACE, "Received method: %s\n", method);
            if (s->method) {
                if (av_strcasecmp(s->method, method)) {
                    av_log(h, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Received and expected HTTP method do not match. (%s expected, %s received)\n",
                           s->method, method);
                    return ff_http_averror(400, AVERROR(EIO)); //上报网络错误
                }
            } else {
                // use autodetected HTTP method to expect
                av_log(h, AV_LOG_TRACE, "Autodetected %s HTTP method\n", auto_method);
                if (av_strcasecmp(auto_method, method)) {
                    av_log(h, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Received and autodetected HTTP method did not match "
                           "(%s autodetected %s received)\n", auto_method, method);
                    return ff_http_averror(400, AVERROR(EIO));
                }
                if (!(s->method = av_strdup(method)))
                    return AVERROR(ENOMEM);
            }

            // HTTP resource
            while (av_isspace(*p))
                p++;
            resource = p;
            while (!av_isspace(*p))
                p++;
            *(p++) = '\0';
            av_log(h, AV_LOG_TRACE, "Requested resource: %s\n", resource);
            if (!(s->resource = av_strdup(resource)))
                return AVERROR(ENOMEM);

            // HTTP version
            while (av_isspace(*p))
                p++;
            version = p;
            while (*p && !av_isspace(*p))
                p++;
            *p = '\0';
            if (av_strncasecmp(version, "HTTP/", 5)) {
                av_log(h, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Malformed HTTP version string.\n");
                return ff_http_averror(400, AVERROR(EIO));
            }
            av_log(h, AV_LOG_TRACE, "HTTP version string: %s\n", version);
        } else {
            if (av_strncasecmp(p, "HTTP/1.0", 8) == 0)
                s->willclose = 1;
            while (*p != '/' && *p != '\0')
                p++;
            while (*p == '/')
                p++;
            av_freep(&s->http_version);
            s->http_version = av_strndup(p, 3);
            while (!av_isspace(*p) && *p != '\0')
                p++;
            while (av_isspace(*p))
                p++;
            s->http_code = strtol(p, &end, 10);

            av_log(h, AV_LOG_TRACE, "http_code=%d\n", s->http_code);

            if ((ret = check_http_code(h, s->http_code, end)) < 0)
                return ret;
        }
    } else {
        while (*p != '\0' && *p != ':')
            p++;
        if (*p != ':')
            return 1;

        *p  = '\0';
        tag = line;
        p++;
        while (av_isspace(*p))
            p++;
        if (!av_strcasecmp(tag, "Location")) {
            if ((ret = parse_location(s, p)) < 0)
                return ret;
            *new_location = 1;
        } else if (!av_strcasecmp(tag, "Content-Length") &&  //本次响应返回数据的大小
                   s->filesize == UINT64_MAX) {
            s->filesize = strtoull(p, NULL, 10);
        } else if (!av_strcasecmp(tag, "Content-Range")) {  //请求资源的range
            parse_content_range(h, p);
        } else if (!av_strcasecmp(tag, "Accept-Ranges") &&  //可访问资源的range
                   !strncmp(p, "bytes", 5) &&
                   s->seekable == -1) {
            h->is_streamed = 0;
        } else if (!av_strcasecmp(tag, "Transfer-Encoding") &&
                   !av_strncasecmp(p, "chunked", 7)) {
            s->filesize  = UINT64_MAX;
            s->chunksize = 0;
        } else if (!av_strcasecmp(tag, "WWW-Authenticate")) {
            ff_http_auth_handle_header(&s->auth_state, tag, p);
        } else if (!av_strcasecmp(tag, "Authentication-Info")) {
            ff_http_auth_handle_header(&s->auth_state, tag, p);
        } else if (!av_strcasecmp(tag, "Proxy-Authenticate")) {
            ff_http_auth_handle_header(&s->proxy_auth_state, tag, p);
        } else if (!av_strcasecmp(tag, "Connection")) {
            if (!strcmp(p, "close"))
                s->willclose = 1;  //响应本次请求后，服务端将关闭
        } else if (!av_strcasecmp(tag, "Server")) {
            if (!av_strcasecmp(p, "AkamaiGHost")) {
                s->is_akamai = 1;
            } else if (!av_strncasecmp(p, "MediaGateway", 12)) {
                s->is_mediagateway = 1;
            }
        } else if (!av_strcasecmp(tag, "Content-Type")) {
            av_free(s->mime_type);
            s->mime_type = av_strdup(p);
        } else if (!av_strcasecmp(tag, "Set-Cookie")) {
            if (parse_cookie(s, p, &s->cookie_dict))
                av_log(h, AV_LOG_WARNING, "Unable to parse '%s'\n", p);
        } else if (!av_strcasecmp(tag, "Icy-MetaInt")) {
            s->icy_metaint = strtoull(p, NULL, 10);
        } else if (!av_strncasecmp(tag, "Icy-", 4)) {
            if ((ret = parse_icy(s, tag, p)) < 0)
                return ret;
        } else if (!av_strcasecmp(tag, "Content-Encoding")) {
            if ((ret = parse_content_encoding(h, p)) < 0)
                return ret;
        }
    }
    return 1;
}

 

2 http_read()

关于http_read() 函数，往下实际是call tcp read()  去拿数据，也就是对应的ffurl_read() ， 当前buff 中如果有数据，优先返回buff 中已经读取到的数据。