HDU5171 GTY's birthday gift —— 矩阵快速幂

题目链接：http://acm.hdu.edu.cn/showproblem.php?pid=5171

GTY's birthday gift

Time Limit: 2000/1000 MS (Java/Others)    Memory Limit: 65536/65536 K (Java/Others)
Total Submission(s): 1654    Accepted Submission(s): 649

Problem Description

FFZ's birthday is coming. GTY wants to give a gift to ZZF. He asked his gay friends what he should give to ZZF. One of them said, 'Nothing is more interesting than a number multiset.' So GTY decided to make a multiset for ZZF. Multiset can contain elements with same values. Because GTY wants to finish the gift as soon as possible, he will use JURUO magic. It allows him to choose two numbers a and b( a,b∈S ), and add  a+b  to the multiset. GTY can use the magic for k times, and he wants the sum of the multiset is maximum, because the larger the sum is, the happier FFZ will be. You need to help him calculate the maximum sum of the multiset.

 

Input

Multi test cases (about 3) . The first line contains two integers n and k ( 2≤n≤100000,1≤k≤1000000000 ). The second line contains n elements  ai  ( 1≤ai≤100000 )separated by spaces , indicating the multiset S .

 

Output

For each case , print the maximum sum of the multiset ( mod 10000007 ).

 

Sample Input

  
  

   
   3 2
3 6 2
  
  

 

Sample Output

  
  

   
   35
  
  

题解：

可以推出斐波那契数列，那么就用矩阵快速幂求前n项，以及前n项和。

代码如下：

#include <bits/stdc++.h>
#define rep(i,s,t) for(int (i)=(s); (i)<=(t); (i)++)
#define ms(a,b) memset((a),(b),sizeof((a)))
using namespace std;
typedef long long LL;
const int INF = 2e9;
const LL LNF = 9e18;
const double eps = 1e-6;
const int mod = 10000007;
const int maxn = 100000+10;

int n,k;
int a[maxn];

struct MAT
{
    LL mat[5][5];
    void init() {
        rep(i,1,3) rep(j,1,3)
            mat[i][j] = (i==j);
    }
};

MAT mul(MAT x, MAT y)
{
    MAT s;
    ms(s.mat,0);
    rep(i,1,3)  rep(j,1,3) rep(k,1,3)
        s.mat[i][j] += (1LL*x.mat[i][k]*y.mat[k][j])%mod, s.mat[i][j] %= mod;
    return s;
}

MAT qpow(MAT x, int y)
{
    MAT s;
    s.init();
    while(y)
    {
        if(y&1)  s = mul(s,x);
        x = mul(x,x);
        y >>= 1;
    }
    return s;
}

int main()
{
    while(scanf("%d%d",&n,&k)!=EOF)
    {
        rep(i,1,n)
            scanf("%lld",&a[i]);

        sort(a+1,a+1+n);
        LL ans = 0;
        rep(i,1,n)
            ans += a[i], ans %= mod;

        MAT s;
        ms(s.mat,0);
        s.mat[1][1] = s.mat[1][2] = s.mat[1][3] = 1;
        s.mat[2][2] = s.mat[2][3] = s.mat[3][2] = 1;
        s = qpow(s,k-2);

        ans += (1LL*(2*a[n-1]+3*a[n])*s.mat[1][1])%mod, ans %= mod;
        ans += (1LL*(1*a[n-1]+2*a[n])*s.mat[1][2])%mod, ans %= mod;
        ans += (1LL*(1*a[n-1]+1*a[n])*s.mat[1][3])%mod, ans %= mod;
        cout<<ans<<endl;
    }
}