1.单列集合框架结构
|----Collection接口:单列集合,用来存储一个一个的对象
* |----List接口:存储序的、可重复的数据。 -->“动态”数组
* |----ArrayList、LinkedList、Vector
*
* |----Set接口:存储无序的、不可重复的数据 -->高中讲的“集合”
* |----HashSet、LinkedHashSet、TreeSet
2.Collection接口常用方法:
add(Object obj),addAll(Collection coll),size(),isEmpty(),clear();
contains(Object obj),containsAll(Collection coll),remove(Object obj),removeAll(Collection coll),retainsAll(Collection coll),equals(Object obj);
hasCode(),toArray(),iterator();
3.Collection集合与数组间的转换
//集合 --->数组:toArray()
Object[] arr = coll.toArray();
for(int i = 0;i < arr.length;i++){
System.out.println(arr[i]);
}
//拓展:数组 --->集合:调用Arrays类的静态方法asList(T ... t)
List<String> list = Arrays.asList(new String[]{"AA", "BB", "CC"});
System.out.println(list);
List arr1 = Arrays.asList(new int[]{123, 456});
System.out.println(arr1.size());//1
List arr2 = Arrays.asList(new Integer[]{123, 456});
System.out.println(arr2.size());//2
4.使用Collection集合存储对象,要求对象所属的类满足:
向Collection接口的实现类的对象中添加数据obj时,要求obj所在类要重写equals().
public class Person {
private String name;
private int age;
public Person() {
}
public Person(String name, int age) {
this.name = name;
this.age = age;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Person{" +
"name='" + name + '\'' +
", age=" + age +
'}';
}
@Override
public boolean equals(Object o) {
System.out.println("Person equals()....");
if (this == o) return true;
if (o == null || getClass() != o.getClass()) return false;
Person person = (Person) o;
return age == person.age &&
Objects.equals(name, person.name);
}
@Override
public int hashCode() {
return Objects.hash(name, age);
}
}
*****************************************************************************
@Test
public void test1(){
Collection coll = new ArrayList();
coll.add(123);
coll.add(456);
// Person p = new Person("Jerry",20);
// coll.add(p);
coll.add(new Person("Jerry",20));
coll.add(new String("Tom"));
coll.add(false);
//1.contains(Object obj):判断当前集合中是否包含obj
//我们在判断时会调用obj对象所在类的equals()。
boolean contains = coll.contains(123);
System.out.println(contains);
System.out.println(coll.contains(new String("Tom")));
// System.out.println(coll.contains(p));//true
System.out.println(coll.contains(new Person("Jerry",20)));//false -->true
//2.containsAll(Collection coll1):判断形参coll1中的所有元素是否都存在于当前集合中。
Collection coll1 = Arrays.asList(123,4567);
System.out.println(coll.containsAll(coll1));
}
**************************************************************************
编译结果:
true
true
Person equals()....
Person equals()....
Person equals()....
true
false
@Test
public void test2(){
//3.remove(Object obj):从当前集合中移除obj元素。
Collection coll = new ArrayList();
coll.add(123);
coll.add(456);
coll.add(new Person("Jerry",20));
coll.add(new String("Tom"));
coll.add(false);
coll.remove(1234);
System.out.println(coll);
coll.remove(new Person("Jerry",20));
System.out.println(coll);
//4. removeAll(Collection coll1):差集:从当前集合中移除coll1中所有的元素。
Collection coll1 = Arrays.asList(123,456);
coll.removeAll(coll1);
System.out.println(coll);
}
**********************************************************************
运行结果:
[123, 456, Person{name='Jerry', age=20}, Tom, false]
Person equals()....
Person equals()....
Person equals()....
[123, 456, Tom, false]
[Tom, false]
@Test
public void test3(){
Collection coll = new ArrayList();
coll.add(123);
coll.add(456);
coll.add(new Person("Jerry",20));
coll.add(new String("Tom"));
coll.add(false);
//5.retainAll(Collection coll1):交集:获取当前集合和coll1集合的交集,并返回给当前集合
// Collection coll1 = Arrays.asList(123,456,789);
// coll.retainAll(coll1);
// System.out.println(coll);
//6.equals(Object obj):要想返回true,需要当前集合和形参集合的元素都相同。
Collection coll1 = new ArrayList();
coll1.add(456);
coll1.add(123);
coll1.add(new Person("Jerry",20));
coll1.add(new String("Tom"));
coll1.add(false);
System.out.println(coll.equals(coll1));
}
******************************************************************************
运行结果:
false
Arrays.asList(放的是类)
@Test
public void test4(){
Collection coll = new ArrayList();
coll.add(123);
coll.add(456);
coll.add(new Person("Jerry",20));
coll.add(new String("Tom"));
coll.add(false);
//7.hashCode():返回当前对象的哈希值
System.out.println(coll.hashCode());
//8.集合 --->数组:toArray()
Object[] arr = coll.toArray();
for(int i = 0;i < arr.length;i++){
System.out.println(arr[i]);
}
//拓展:数组 --->集合:调用Arrays类的静态方法asList()
List<String> list = Arrays.asList(new String[]{"AA", "BB", "CC"});
System.out.println(list);
List arr1 = Arrays.asList(new int[]{123, 456});
System.out.println(arr1.size());//1
List arr2 = Arrays.asList(new Integer[]{123, 456});
System.out.println(arr2.size());//2
//9.iterator():返回Iterator接口的实例,用于遍历集合元素。放在IteratorTest.java中测试
}
**************************************************************************
运行结果:
-1200490100
123
456
Person{name='Jerry', age=20}
Tom
false
[AA, BB, CC]
1
2