复习:在前面我们已经学习了Pandas基础,第二章我们开始进入数据分析的业务部分,在第二章第一节的内容中,我们学习了数据的清洗,这一部分十分重要,只有数据变得相对干净,我们之后对数据的分析才可以更有力。而这一节,我们要做的是数据重构,数据重构依旧属于数据理解(准备)的范围。
开始之前,导入numpy、pandas包和数据
import numpy as np
import pandas as pd
text = pd.read_csv(r'C:\Users\hp\hands-on-data-analysis-master\hands-on-data-analysis-master\第二章项目集合\data\train-left-up.csv')
text.head()
| PassengerId | Survived | Pclass | Name |
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0 | 1 | 0 | 3 | Braund, Mr. Owen Harris |
---|
1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | Cumings, Mrs. John Bradley (Florence Briggs Th... |
---|
2 | 3 | 1 | 3 | Heikkinen, Miss. Laina |
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3 | 4 | 1 | 1 | Futrelle, Mrs. Jacques Heath (Lily May Peel) |
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4 | 5 | 0 | 3 | Allen, Mr. William Henry |
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2 第二章:数据重构
2.4 数据的合并
2.4.1 任务一:将data文件夹里面的所有数据都载入,观察数据的之间的关系
text_left_up = pd.read_csv("data/train-left-up.csv")
text_left_down = pd.read_csv("data/train-left-down.csv")
text_right_up = pd.read_csv("data/train-right-up.csv")
text_right_down = pd.read_csv("data/train-right-down.csv")
text_left_up.head()
| PassengerId | Survived | Pclass | Name |
---|
0 | 1 | 0 | 3 | Braund, Mr. Owen Harris |
---|
1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | Cumings, Mrs. John Bradley (Florence Briggs Th... |
---|
2 | 3 | 1 | 3 | Heikkinen, Miss. Laina |
---|
3 | 4 | 1 | 1 | Futrelle, Mrs. Jacques Heath (Lily May Peel) |
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4 | 5 | 0 | 3 | Allen, Mr. William Henry |
---|
【提示】结合之前我们加载的train.csv数据,大致预测一下上面的数据是什么
2.4.2:任务二:使用concat方法:将数据train-left-up.csv和train-right-up.csv横向合并为一张表,并保存这张表为result_up
text_left_down.head()
| PassengerId | Survived | Pclass | Name |
---|
0 | 440 | 0 | 2 | Kvillner, Mr. Johan Henrik Johannesson |
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1 | 441 | 1 | 2 | Hart, Mrs. Benjamin (Esther Ada Bloomfield) |
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2 | 442 | 0 | 3 | Hampe, Mr. Leon |
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3 | 443 | 0 | 3 | Petterson, Mr. Johan Emil |
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4 | 444 | 1 | 2 | Reynaldo, Ms. Encarnacion |
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2.4.3 任务三:使用concat方法:将train-left-down和train-right-down横向合并为一张表,并保存这张表为result_down。然后将上边的result_up和result_down纵向合并为result。
text_right_down.head()
| Sex | Age | SibSp | Parch | Ticket | Fare | Cabin | Embarked |
---|
0 | male | 31.0 | 0 | 0 | C.A. 18723 | 10.500 | NaN | S |
---|
1 | female | 45.0 | 1 | 1 | F.C.C. 13529 | 26.250 | NaN | S |
---|
2 | male | 20.0 | 0 | 0 | 345769 | 9.500 | NaN | S |
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3 | male | 25.0 | 1 | 0 | 347076 | 7.775 | NaN | S |
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4 | female | 28.0 | 0 | 0 | 230434 | 13.000 | NaN | S |
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2.4.4 任务四:使用DataFrame自带的方法join方法和append:完成任务二和任务三的任务
text_right_up.head()
| Sex | Age | SibSp | Parch | Ticket | Fare | Cabin | Embarked |
---|
0 | male | 22.0 | 1 | 0 | A/5 21171 | 7.2500 | NaN | S |
---|
1 | female | 38.0 | 1 | 0 | PC 17599 | 71.2833 | C85 | C |
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2 | female | 26.0 | 0 | 0 | STON/O2. 3101282 | 7.9250 | NaN | S |
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3 | female | 35.0 | 1 | 0 | 113803 | 53.1000 | C123 | S |
---|
4 | male | 35.0 | 0 | 0 | 373450 | 8.0500 | NaN | S |
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2.4.5 任务五:使用Panads的merge方法和DataFrame的append方法:完成任务二和任务三的任务
list_up = [text_left_up,text_right_up]
result_up = pd.concat(list_up,axis=1)
result_up.head()
| PassengerId | Survived | Pclass | Name | Sex | Age | SibSp | Parch | Ticket | Fare | Cabin | Embarked |
---|
0 | 1 | 0 | 3 | Braund, Mr. Owen Harris | male | 22.0 | 1 | 0 | A/5 21171 | 7.2500 | NaN | S |
---|
1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | Cumings, Mrs. John Bradley (Florence Briggs Th... | female | 38.0 | 1 | 0 | PC 17599 | 71.2833 | C85 | C |
---|
2 | 3 | 1 | 3 | Heikkinen, Miss. Laina | female | 26.0 | 0 | 0 | STON/O2. 3101282 | 7.9250 | NaN | S |
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3 | 4 | 1 | 1 | Futrelle, Mrs. Jacques Heath (Lily May Peel) | female | 35.0 | 1 | 0 | 113803 | 53.1000 | C123 | S |
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4 | 5 | 0 | 3 | Allen, Mr. William Henry | male | 35.0 | 0 | 0 | 373450 | 8.0500 | NaN | S |
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【思考】对比merge、join以及concat的方法的不同以及相同。思考一下在任务四和任务五的情况下,为什么都要求使用DataFrame的append方法,如何只要求使用merge或者join可不可以完成任务四和任务五呢?
2.4.6 任务六:完成的数据保存为result.csv
result.to_csv('result副本.csv')
2.5 换一种角度看数据
2.5.1 任务一:将我们的数据变为Series类型的数据
text = pd.read_csv('result.csv')
text.head()
unit_result=text.stack().head(20)
unit_result.head()
0 Unnamed: 0 0
PassengerId 1
Survived 0
Pclass 3
Name Braund, Mr. Owen Harris
dtype: object
unit_result.to_csv('unit_result.csv')
test = pd.read_csv('unit_result.csv')
test.head()
| Unnamed: 0 | Unnamed: 1 | 0 |
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0 | 0 | Unnamed: 0 | 0 |
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1 | 0 | PassengerId | 1 |
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2 | 0 | Survived | 0 |
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3 | 0 | Pclass | 3 |
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4 | 0 | Name | Braund, Mr. Owen Harris |
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