Mysql学习笔记——mysql服务在win上安装与启动

1、先去下载服务包
https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/
2、下载完成后，解压在D盘
3、添加一个配置文件，先创建文本，填写内容后改名：my.ini

内容为：

[mysqld]
# 设置3306端口
port=3306

#设置mysql的安装目录
basedir=D:\mysql-8.0.30-winx64 #切记此处一定要用双斜杠\\,单斜杠我这里会出错，不过看别人的教程，有的是单斜杠，有的是双斜杠，自己尝试吧

#设置mysql数据库存的数据的存放目录
datadir=D:\mysql-8.0.30-winx64\Data #此处同上

#允许最大链接数
max_connections=200

#允许链接失败的次数。这是为了防止有人从该主机试图攻击数据库系统
max_connect_errors=10

#服务端使用的字符集默认为UTF8
character-set-server=utf8

#创建新表时将使用的默认存储引擎
default-storage-engine=INNODB

#默认使用"mysql_native_password"插件认证
default_authentication_plugin=mysql_native_password
[mysql]
#设置mysql客户端默认字符表
default-character-set=utf8
[client]
#设置mysql客户端连接服务端时默认使用的端口
port=3306
default-character-set=utf8

4、使用管理员身份打开cmd，基本命令如下

Microsoft Windows [版本 6.1.7601]
版权所有 (c) 2009 Microsoft Corporation。保留所有权利。
#打开目录盘
C:\Users\Administrator>D:
#进入文件夹
D:\>cd mysql-8.0.30-winx64
#进入文件夹bin
D:\mysql-8.0.30-winx64>cd bin
#mysql的初始化命令
D:\mysql-8.0.30-winx64\bin>mysqld --initialize --console
2022-08-11T12:49:44.250054Z 0 [Warning] [MY-010918] [Server] 'default_authentica
tion_plugin' is deprecated and will be removed in a future release. Please use a
uthentication_policy instead.
2022-08-11T12:49:44.250056Z 0 [System] [MY-013169] [Server] D:\mysql-8.0.30-winx
64\bin\mysqld.exe (mysqld 8.0.30) initializing of server in progress as process
8976
2022-08-11T12:49:44.252053Z 0 [Warning] [MY-013242] [Server] --character-set-ser
ver: 'utf8' is currently an alias for the character set UTF8MB3, but will be an
alias for UTF8MB4 in a future release. Please consider using UTF8MB4 in order to
 be unambiguous.
2022-08-11T12:49:44.273054Z 1 [System] [MY-013576] [InnoDB] InnoDB initializatio
n has started.
2022-08-11T12:49:45.202108Z 1 [System] [MY-013577] [InnoDB] InnoDB initializatio
n has ended.
2022-08-11T12:49:47.205223Z 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password i
s generated for root@localhost: kEdoN<vCR8qj #保存好数据库密码

#安装mysql服务，可以在install后面加服务名
D:\mysql-8.0.30-winx64\bin>mysqld --install
Service successfully installed.
#启动服务
D:\mysql-8.0.30-winx64\bin>net start mysql
MySQL 服务正在启动 .
MySQL 服务已经启动成功。
#关闭服务
D:\mysql-8.0.30-winx64\bin>net stop mysql
#登录mysql
D:\mysql-8.0.30-winx64\bin>mysql -u root -p
Enter password: ************
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 8.0.30

Copyright (c) 2000, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
#登录后修改数据库密码为123456
mysql>alter user root@'localhost' identified by '123456';

#设置密码不过期
mysql>SET GLOBAL default_password_lifetime = 0;
#退出mysql
mysql>exit

5、设置环境变量，打开电脑的属性-高级设置-环境变量-系统变量，然后添加bin目录的路径即可

注：
使用navicat连接数据库时，报1862错误 ，可以使用下面两个步骤
a、登录mysql后，修改密码

#登录mysql
D:\mysql-8.0.30-winx64\bin>mysql -u root -p
Enter password: ************
#登录后修改数据库密码为123456
mysql>alter user root@'localhost' identified by '123456';

b、设置密码不过期

#设置密码不过期
mysql>SET GLOBAL default_password_lifetime = 0;

然后就可以去navicat客户端登录了