Week1 —— Introduction of Virtualization

Introduction of Virtualization

Virtualization definition

In computing, virtualization is the creation of a virtual (rather than actual) version of something, such as a hardware platform, operating system (OS), storage device, or network resources

在计算中，虚拟化是指创建某个东西的虚拟（而不是实际）版本，例如硬件平台、操作系统（OS）、存储设备或网络资源

Motivation for Virtualization

• More efficient utilisation（更有效的利用）
• Easier deployment of resources（更容易部署资源）
• Better management of deployed resources（更好地管理部署的资源）

Key Virtualization Methods

The key methods for virtualization are SoftV and HardV

• SoftV: Uses software (installed on host machine) to create VMs

• HardV: Uses (lightweight) software called a hypervisor to act as a mediator for the VMs

• SoftV：使用软件（安装在主机上）创建虚拟机

• HardV：使用称为hypervisor的（轻量级）软件作为VMs的中介
  

Virtualisation using Software

Uses of Virtualisation using Software:

• Useful for testing setups before production use

• Can help debug potential issues with the operating system installation itself

• Once working, the VM can be deployed for production use

• 用于在生产使用前测试设置

• 可以帮助调试操作系统安装本身的潜在问题

• 一旦工作，VM就可以部署用于生产

Drawbacks of Virtualisation via Software:

• Performance: The applications running on the guest VMs have to pass through another layer of abstraction

• Unbalanced utilization of resources: The host operating system has preference when accessing the hardware

• Difficult to scale machines for a purpose: Typically installations are local to machine

• 性能：在客户机vm上运行的应用程序必须通过另一个抽象层

• 资源利用不平衡：主机操作系统在访问硬件时有优先权

• 难以缩放机器：通常安装在机器的本地

Virtualization Using Hardware

Minor Key Methods

• Desktop Virtualisation (DeskV)

• Application Virtualisation (AppV)

• Storage Virtualisation

• 桌面虚拟化（DeskV）

• 应用程序虚拟化（AppV）

• 存储虚拟化

Two cases of implementing virtualisation？

1. New Servers

• Free to create architecture however you want
• Need to understand the needs of the scenario

2. Existing Servers

• Know a scenario is being satisfied
• Need to profile the structure of data centre