STL中二分查找函数

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
using namespace std;

int main()
{
    int a[12] = {1,6,31,66,67,68,69,70,71,73,76,79};
    int c[12] = {79,76,73,71,70,69,68,67,66,31,6,1};
    vector<int> b;
    b.push_back(1);
    b.push_back(6);
    b.push_back(31);
    b.push_back(66);
    b.push_back(67);
    b.push_back(68);
    b.push_back(69);
    b.push_back(70);
    b.push_back(71);
    b.push_back(73);
    b.push_back(76);
    b.push_back(79);
    int n;

binary_search(b.begin(),b.end(),n)//返回得是bool值，也适用于数组，用于判断有没有找到

if(binary_search(a,a+12,n))printf("find %d\n",n);
        else printf("%d is not in array\n");
        if(binary_search(b.begin(),b.end(),n))printf("find %d\n",n);
        else printf("%d is not in array\n",n);*/
        >>>
        66
        find 66
        find 66
        99
        6422256 is not in array
        99 is not in array
        

lower_bound(b.begin(),b.end(),n);//返回得是迭代器，也适用于数组（用对应类型得指针接着就好），用于查找第一个不小于n得值得位置(p-1就是第一个比n小的索引了)

int *p;
        vector<int>::iterator it;
        p = lower_bound(a,a+12,n);
        if(p != a + 12)
        {
                    printf("The first num which is bigger(or equal) than %d is %d,index is : %d\n",n,*p,(p - a));
        }
        else printf("Not found!\n");

        it = lower_bound(b.begin(),b.end(),n);
        if(it != b.end())
        {
        printf("The first num which is bigger(or equal) than %d is %d,index is : %d\n",n,*it,distance(b.begin(),it));
        }
        else printf("Not found!\n");
        >>>
        6
            The first num which is bigger(or equal) than 6 is 6,index is : 1
            The first num which is bigger(or equal) than 6 is 6,index is : 1
            1
            The first num which is bigger(or equal) than 1 is 1,index is : 0
            The first num which is bigger(or equal) than 1 is 1,index is : 0
            0
            The first num which is bigger(or equal) than 0 is 1,index is : 0
            The first num which is bigger(or equal) than 0 is 1,index is : 0
            99
            Not found!
            Not found!
        

upper_bound(b.begin(),b.end(),n);//返回得是迭代器，也适用于数组（用对应类型得指针接着就好），用于查找第大于n得值得位置

       int *p;
        vector<int>::iterator it;
        p = upper_bound(a,a+12,n);
        if(p != a+12)
        {
            printf("The first num which is bigger than %d is %d,index is : %d\n",n,*p,(p - a));
        }
        else printf("Not found!\n");

        it = upper_bound(b.begin(),b.end(),n);
        if(it != b.end())
        {
            printf("The first num which is bigger than %d is %d,index is : %d\n",n,*it,distance(b.begin(),it));
        }
        else printf("Not found!\n");*/
        >>>
        6
    The first num which is bigger than 6 is 31,index is : 2
    The first num which is bigger than 6 is 31,index is : 2
    78
    The first num which is bigger than 78 is 79,index is : 11
    The first num which is bigger than 78 is 79,index is : 11
    79
    Not found!
    Not found!
      

对于lower_bound & upper_bound()还有一个第四个参数greater<type>(),他会把不小于变为不大于得查找，把大于变为小于得查找，但是相反，他要求得顺序不是递增，而是递减！！！

int *p = lower_bound(c,c+12,n,greater<int>());//传入第四个参数，查找第一个小于等于n得值
    if(p != c+12)
    {
        printf("The first num which is smaller(or equal) than %d is %d,index is : %d\n",n,*p,(p - c));
    }
    else printf("Not found!\n");
    >>>
    6
    The first num which is smaller(or equal) than 6 is 6,index is : 10
    5
    The first num which is smaller(or equal) than 5 is 1,index is : 11
    0
    Not found!
    

忘了提一下distence函数他是用于迭代器得用于计算他们之间的距离~~~（注意好传值的先后顺序）