膨胀腐蚀

      关于膨胀，网上已经实现了，不论从规范上还是算法上都要好得多；但我最终还是想把这些初级算法用自己的方法实现了，不为别的，只为一个过程；因为过些日子，我要实现击中或击不中算法，用来对形状的识别，该算法要以膨胀，腐蚀作为基础；除此之外，还有二值图像的边界提取，都要用到的；鉴于此，实现了此算法，当然，时间紧迫，BUG应该不少，有待于以后修改!

      .h文件如下：

// Expend.h: interface for the CExpend class. // // #if !defined(AFX_EXPEND_H__8CFD5368_8A8C_4F7C_A2C5_BB0447BB0736__INCLUDED_) #define AFX_EXPEND_H__8CFD5368_8A8C_4F7C_A2C5_BB0447BB0736__INCLUDED_ #if _MSC_VER > 1000 #pragma once #endif // _MSC_VER > 1000 /********************************************** *类名:膨胀 *目的:对一幅图进行膨胀 *作者:无忧狂澜 *日期:2010-02-08 **********************************************/ /* #define TEMPLET_X 100 //目前是3*3 #define TEMPLET_Y 100 #define TEMPLET TEMPLET_X*TEMPLET_Y */ class CExpend { public: void Process(bool bExpend); //bExpend如果为true表示膨胀 CExpend(); virtual ~CExpend(); private: int m_nWidth; //图像宽高 int m_nHeight; int m_nLineBytes; //图像每行的字节数 LPSTR m_lpSrc; //原始图像数据 unsigned char* m_lpDest; //处理后数据 int *m_bTemplet; //模板 int m_nTempletTotal; //模板数据的个数 int m_nTempletX; //X,Y方向的个数 int m_nTempletY; int m_nObjectGrey; //目标灰度 int m_nBackGroundGrey; //背景灰度 public: void CorruptProcess(int nI,int nJ); void ExpendProcess(int nI,int nJ); void SetWidthHeight(int nWidth,int nHeight) {m_nWidth=nWidth;m_nHeight=nHeight;m_nLineBytes=((nWidth*8) + 31) / 32 * 4;} void SetSrcImage(LPSTR lpSrc) {m_lpSrc=lpSrc;} unsigned char* GetDestImage() {return m_lpDest;} void SetTemplet(int *pTemplet,int nX,int nY); //void SetTempletNum(int nX,int nY) {m_nTempletX=nX;m_nTempletY=nY;m_nTempletTotal=nX*nY;} }; #endif // !defined(AFX_EXPEND_H__8CFD5368_8A8C_4F7C_A2C5_BB0447BB0736__INCLUDED_)   

 

 

 

.cpp文件如下:

// Expend.cpp: implementation of the CExpend class. // // #include "stdafx.h" #include "mydip.h" #include "Expend.h" #ifdef _DEBUG #undef THIS_FILE static char THIS_FILE[]=__FILE__; #define new DEBUG_NEW #endif // // Construction/Destruction // CExpend::CExpend() { //memset(m_bTemplet,1,TEMPLET*sizeof(int)); /* m_bTemplet[0]=0; m_bTemplet[1]=1; m_bTemplet[2]=0; m_bTemplet[3]=1; m_bTemplet[4]=1; m_bTemplet[5]=1; m_bTemplet[6]=0; m_bTemplet[7]=1; m_bTemplet[8]=0; */ m_lpDest=NULL; m_bTemplet=NULL; m_nObjectGrey=0; //目标灰度 m_nBackGroundGrey=255; //背景灰度 } CExpend::~CExpend() { if(m_lpDest) { delete m_lpDest; m_lpDest=NULL; } if(m_bTemplet) { delete m_bTemplet; m_bTemplet=NULL; } } //对图像进行处理 void CExpend::Process(bool bExpend) { unsigned char *lpSrc; if(m_lpDest==NULL) { m_lpDest=new unsigned char [m_nHeight*m_nWidth]; } //图像的上下左右 //unsigned char *ucGray[TEMPLET]; if(bExpend) { // 每行 for(int i = 0; i < m_nHeight; i++) { // 每列 for(int j = 0; j < m_nWidth; j++) {//右加上减 // 指向DIB第i行，第j个象素的指针 lpSrc = (unsigned char*)m_lpSrc + m_nLineBytes * (m_nHeight - 1 - i) + j; m_lpDest[i*m_nWidth+j]=*lpSrc; } } // 每行 for( i = m_nTempletY/2; i < m_nHeight-m_nTempletY/2; i++) { // 每列 for( int j = m_nTempletX/2; j < m_nWidth-m_nTempletX/2; j++) {//右加上减 // 指向DIB第i行，第j个象素的指针 /* ucGray[4] = (unsigned char*)m_lpSrc + m_nLineBytes * (m_nHeight - 1 - i) + j; //左上 ucGray[0] = (unsigned char*)m_lpSrc + m_nLineBytes * (m_nHeight - 1 - i-1) + j-1; //右上 ucGray[2] = (unsigned char*)m_lpSrc + m_nLineBytes * (m_nHeight - 1 - i-1) + j+1; //上 ucGray[1] = (unsigned char*)m_lpSrc + m_nLineBytes * (m_nHeight - 1 - i-1) + j; //下 ucGray[7] = (unsigned char*)m_lpSrc + m_nLineBytes * (m_nHeight - 1 - i+1) + j; //左 ucGray[3] = (unsigned char*)m_lpSrc + m_nLineBytes * (m_nHeight - 1 - i) + j-1; //右 ucGray[5] = (unsigned char*)m_lpSrc + m_nLineBytes * (m_nHeight - 1 - i) + j+1; //左下 ucGray[6] = (unsigned char*)m_lpSrc + m_nLineBytes * (m_nHeight - 1 - i+1) + j-1; //右下 ucGray[8] = (unsigned char*)m_lpSrc + m_nLineBytes * (m_nHeight - 1 - i+1) + j+1; */ ExpendProcess(i,j); } } } else {//为腐蚀 // 每行 for(int i = 0; i < m_nHeight; i++) { // 每列 for(int j = 0; j < m_nWidth; j++) {//右加上减 // 指向DIB第i行，第j个象素的指针 lpSrc = (unsigned char*)m_lpSrc + m_nLineBytes * (m_nHeight - 1 - i) + j; m_lpDest[i*m_nWidth+j]=*lpSrc; } } // 每行 for( i = m_nTempletY/2; i < m_nHeight-m_nTempletY/2; i++) { // 每列 for( int j = m_nTempletX/2; j < m_nWidth-m_nTempletX/2; j++) {//右加上减 // 指向DIB第i行，第j个象素的指针 /* ucGray[4] = (unsigned char*)m_lpSrc + m_nLineBytes * (m_nHeight - 1 - i) + j; //左上 ucGray[0] = (unsigned char*)m_lpSrc + m_nLineBytes * (m_nHeight - 1 - i-1) + j-1; //右上 ucGray[2] = (unsigned char*)m_lpSrc + m_nLineBytes * (m_nHeight - 1 - i-1) + j+1; //上 ucGray[1] = (unsigned char*)m_lpSrc + m_nLineBytes * (m_nHeight - 1 - i-1) + j; //下 ucGray[7] = (unsigned char*)m_lpSrc + m_nLineBytes * (m_nHeight - 1 - i+1) + j; //左 ucGray[3] = (unsigned char*)m_lpSrc + m_nLineBytes * (m_nHeight - 1 - i) + j-1; //右 ucGray[5] = (unsigned char*)m_lpSrc + m_nLineBytes * (m_nHeight - 1 - i) + j+1; //左下 ucGray[6] = (unsigned char*)m_lpSrc + m_nLineBytes * (m_nHeight - 1 - i+1) + j-1; //右下 ucGray[8] = (unsigned char*)m_lpSrc + m_nLineBytes * (m_nHeight - 1 - i+1) + j+1; */ CorruptProcess(i,j); } } } } //膨胀处理 void CExpend::ExpendProcess(int nI,int nJ) { unsigned char *lpSrc=(unsigned char*)m_lpSrc + m_nLineBytes * (m_nHeight - 1 - nI) + nJ; if(m_bTemplet[(m_nTempletTotal-1)/2]==1&&*lpSrc==m_nObjectGrey) { for(int i=0;i<m_nTempletTotal;i++) { if(m_bTemplet[i]==1) { m_lpDest[(nI+((i/m_nTempletX)-m_nTempletY/2))*m_nWidth+nJ+((i%m_nTempletX)-m_nTempletX/2)]=m_nObjectGrey; } } /* if(m_bTemplet[0]==1) { //*ucGray[i]=0; m_lpDest[(nI-1)*m_nWidth+nJ-1]=0; } if(m_bTemplet[1]==1) { //*ucGray[i]=0; m_lpDest[(nI-1)*m_nWidth+nJ]=0; } if(m_bTemplet[2]==1) { //*ucGray[i]=0; m_lpDest[(nI-1)*m_nWidth+nJ+1]=0; } if(m_bTemplet[3]==1) { //*ucGray[i]=0; m_lpDest[(nI)*m_nWidth+nJ-1]=0; } if(m_bTemplet[5]==1) { //*ucGray[i]=0; m_lpDest[(nI)*m_nWidth+nJ+1]=0; } if(m_bTemplet[6]==1) { //*ucGray[i]=0; m_lpDest[(nI+1)*m_nWidth+nJ-1]=0; } if(m_bTemplet[7]==1) { //*ucGray[i]=0; m_lpDest[(nI+1)*m_nWidth+nJ]=0; } if(m_bTemplet[8]==1) { //*ucGray[i]=0; m_lpDest[(nI+1)*m_nWidth+nJ+1]=0; }*/ } } //腐蚀操作 void CExpend::CorruptProcess(int nI, int nJ) { unsigned char *lpSrc; //lpSrc=(unsigned char*)m_lpSrc + m_nLineBytes * (m_nHeight - 1 - nI) + nJ; if(m_bTemplet[(m_nTempletTotal-1)/2]==1/*&&*lpSrc==m_nObjectGrey*/) {/* if( (m_bTemplet[0]==1?*ucGray[0]==0:true)&& (m_bTemplet[1]==1?*ucGray[1]==0:true)&& (m_bTemplet[2]==1?*ucGray[2]==0:true)&& (m_bTemplet[3]==1?*ucGray[3]==0:true)&& (m_bTemplet[5]==1?*ucGray[5]==0:true)&& (m_bTemplet[6]==1?*ucGray[6]==0:true)&& (m_bTemplet[7]==1?*ucGray[7]==0:true)&& (m_bTemplet[8]==1?*ucGray[8]==0:true)) {//所有元素满足条件后 m_lpDest[nI*m_nWidth+nJ]=0; } else { m_lpDest[nI*m_nWidth+nJ]=255; } */ for(int i=0;i<m_nTempletTotal;i++) { lpSrc=(unsigned char*)m_lpSrc + m_nLineBytes * (m_nHeight - 1 - nI-((i/m_nTempletX)-m_nTempletY/2)) + nJ+((i%m_nTempletX)-m_nTempletX/2); if(i==(m_nTempletTotal-1)/2) continue; if(!(m_bTemplet[i]==1?*lpSrc==m_nObjectGrey:true)) {//不满足条件 m_lpDest[nI*m_nWidth+nJ]=m_nBackGroundGrey; break; } } if(i==m_nTempletTotal) m_lpDest[nI*m_nWidth+nJ]=m_nObjectGrey; } else { m_lpDest[nI*m_nWidth+nJ]=m_nBackGroundGrey; } } void CExpend::SetTemplet(int *pTemplet,int nX,int nY) { m_nTempletX=nX; m_nTempletY=nY; m_nTempletTotal=nX*nY; if(m_bTemplet) { delete m_bTemplet; m_bTemplet=NULL; } m_bTemplet=new int[m_nTempletTotal]; memcpy(m_bTemplet,pTemplet,m_nTempletTotal*sizeof(int)); }   

 

从代码可以看出，模板我使用是3*3的；4联通的；于是处理前、后的图像分别如下：

 

 

 

 

关于腐蚀，就是膨胀的逆；只要把背景和目标的灰度取反后，那么膨胀就是腐蚀了，见下图：

 

 

 

就到这里了；