MySQL字段约束
MySQL支持的约束包括主键(primary key)约束、非空约束(not NULL)、检查约束(check)、默认值约束(default)、唯一性(unique)约束以及外键约束。
1.设置主键约束
(1)如果一个表的主键是单个字段,直接在该字段的后面加上"primary key"关键字,即可将该字段设置为主键约束。
mysql> create table student(student_no char(11) primary key);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> desc student;
+------------+----------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+------------+----------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| student_no | char(11) | NO | PRI | NULL | |
+------------+----------+------+-----+---------+-------+
1 row in set (0.03 sec)
(2)如果一个表的主键是多个组合字段:primary key (字段1,字段2)
mysql> create table time(t1 datetime ,t2 timestamp,primary key(t1,t2));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
mysql> desc time;
+-------+-----------+------+-----+---------------------+-----------------------------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-------+-----------