Recylcleview的基本实现

1.添加依赖

2.在布局中添加RecycleView

3.新建一个tb01viewtext.xml，为RecyclerView内的元素设定xml样式，样式布局如下：

样式xml文件代码：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:id="@+id/weixin_item"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto">
    <!--头像-->
    <com.google.android.material.imageview.ShapeableImageView
        android:id="@+id/weixin_avatar"
        android:layout_marginTop="2dp"
        android:layout_marginBottom="2dp"
        android:layout_width="50dp"
        android:layout_height="50dp"
        android:layout_marginStart="20dp"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
        app:shapeAppearanceOverlay="@style/roundedCornerStyle"
        android:layout_marginLeft="20dp" />
    <!--名称-->
    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/weixin_name"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:layout_gravity="center_vertical"
        android:layout_marginStart="20dp"
        android:layout_marginTop="5dp"
        android:gravity="center"
        android:text="receiver name"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toEndOf="@+id/weixin_avatar"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
        android:layout_marginLeft="20dp" />
    <!--最后的聊天内容-->
    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/weixin_content"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:layout_gravity="center_vertical"
        android:layout_marginStart="20dp"
        android:layout_marginBottom="5dp"
        android:gravity="center"
        android:text="news content"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toEndOf="@+id/weixin_avatar"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        android:layout_marginLeft="20dp" />
    <!--最后的通信时间-->
    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/weixin_time"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="time"
        android:visibility="visible"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />

</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>

4.定义adapter适配器

这是使用RecyclerView最关键的一步。主要步骤有如下三点：

1.创建适配器类继承自RecyclerView.Adapter
2.重写RecyclerView.Adapter类的三个方法。
3.创建内部类ViewHolder即RecyclerView.ViewHolder类的子类

RecyclerView之所以能快速展示大量数据的强大功能来源于我们创建的子类ViewHolder。
MyViewHolder要继承自RecyclerView.ViewHolder。MyViewHolder的构造函数中传入了一个View参数，可以初始化需要展示的控件。

public class weixinRecycleViewAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter<weixinRecycleViewAdapter.MyViewHolder> {
        private List<weixin> wexinList;
        private Context context;

        // 为每个数据项提供对视图的引用
        // 复杂的数据项每个项可能需要多个View，您可以提供对ViewHolder中某个数据项的所有View的访问
        public static class MyViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder{
                TextView weixinName;
                TextView weixinLastTime;
                TextView weixinContent;
                ImageView weixinAvatar;

                public MyViewHolder(View itemView) {
                        super(itemView);
                        weixinName = itemView.findViewById(R.id.weixin_name);
                        weixinLastTime = itemView.findViewById(R.id.weixin_time);
                        weixinContent = itemView.findViewById(R.id.weixin_content);
                        weixinAvatar = itemView.findViewById(R.id.weixin_avatar);
                }
        }

        //提供合适的构造函数（取决于数据集的类型）
        public weixinRecycleViewAdapter(List<weixin> weixinList,Context context) {
                this.wexinList=weixinList;
                this.context = context;
        }

        //创建新视图（由布局管理器调用），创建MyViewHolder的实例
        @NonNull
        @Override
        public weixinRecycleViewAdapter.MyViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup parent, int viewType) {
                // 创建一个新view
                View v = LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext())
                        .inflate(R.layout.tb01viewtext, parent, false);
                return new MyViewHolder(v);
        }

        // 替换视图的内容（由布局管理器调用）用于绑定数据和事件
        @Override
        public void onBindViewHolder(MyViewHolder holder, int position) {
                // 从此位置的数据集中获取元素
                // 用该元素替换视图的内容
                weixin weixin = this.wexinList.get(position);
                holder.weixinName.setText(weixin.getName());
                holder.weixinLastTime.setText(weixin.getLastTime());
                holder.weixinContent.setText(weixin.getContent());
                Glide.with(context)
                        .load(weixin.getAvatar())//加载图片链接
                        .into(holder.weixinAvatar);//将图片放进imageText
        }

        // 用于确认子项的数量，直接返回数据源的长度就可以（由布局管理器调用）
        @Override
        public int getItemCount() {
                return this.wexinList.size();
        }
}

5.初始化RecycleView

为RecycleView设置帧布局管理器，步骤如下：
1.获取RecyclerView对象 。
2.初始化数据 。
3.适配器实例化 。
4.设置LayoutManager
5. 设置Adapter

public class weixinFragment extends Fragment {
    private View view;
    private RecyclerView recyclerView;  //声明RecycleView
    private RecyclerView.Adapter weixinRCAdapter;  //声明适配器
    private RecyclerView.LayoutManager layoutManager;

    public weixinFragment() {
        // Required empty public constructor
    }


    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
                             Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        // Inflate the layout for this fragment
        view=inflater.inflate(R.layout.table01, container, false);
        initRecyclerView();
        return view;
    }
    //初始化RecycleView函数
    private void initRecyclerView() {
        recyclerView = (RecyclerView) view.findViewById(R.id.weixin_recycler_view);
        recyclerView.setHasFixedSize(true);
        layoutManager = new LinearLayoutManager(getActivity());
        recyclerView.setLayoutManager(layoutManager);
        ArrayList<weixin> weixinList = new ArrayList<>();

            weixin weixin1 = new weixin(
                    "https://timgsa.baidu.com/timg?image&quality=80&size=b9999_10000&sec=1605366978067&di=834b7deb9a0a4d859a878bdee19d0c8b&imgtype=0&src=http%3A%2F%2Fc-ssl.duitang.com%2Fuploads%2Fblog%2F202008%2F08%2F20200808142612_nsopf.thumb.400_0.jpeg",
                    "张三",
                    "8:00",
                    "hello"
            );
            weixinList.add(weixin1);
            weixin weixin2 = new weixin(
                    "https://ss0.bdstatic.com/70cFuHSh_Q1YnxGkpoWK1HF6hhy/it/u=1285063713,2753463619&fm=26&gp=0.jpg",
                    "李四",
                    "8:20",
                    "hello"
            );
            weixinList.add(weixin2);
            weixin weixin3 = new weixin(
                    "https://ss1.bdstatic.com/70cFvXSh_Q1YnxGkpoWK1HF6hhy/it/u=2111520688,70457745&fm=26&gp=0.jpg",
                    "王五",
                    "8:30",
                    "hello"
            );
            weixinList.add(weixin3);
            weixin weixin4 = new weixin(
                    "https://ss1.bdstatic.com/70cFuXSh_Q1YnxGkpoWK1HF6hhy/it/u=2345130998,305054013&fm=26&gp=0.jpg",
                    "赵六",
                    "9:00",
                    "hello"
            );
            weixinList.add(weixin4);
            weixin weixin5 = new weixin(
                    "https://ss2.bdstatic.com/70cFvnSh_Q1YnxGkpoWK1HF6hhy/it/u=233291323,4185710237&fm=26&gp=0.jpg",
                    "大黄",
                    "12:00",
                    "hello"
            );
            weixinList.add(weixin5);

        weixinRCAdapter = new weixinRecycleViewAdapter(weixinList,getActivity());
        recyclerView.setAdapter(weixinRCAdapter);
    }
}

运行结果：

项目地址：
https://github.com/D-racarys/WeiXin