用python实现一个自己的编程语言

创建一门自定义编程语言需要涉及编译器设计和编程语言理论的一些基础知识。以下是一个简化版的Python编程语言的完整代码示例，仅供参考。

# Token definitions  
TOKENS = {  
    'NAME': r'[a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z0-9_]*',  
    'NUMBER': r'\d+(\.\d*)?',  
    'LPAREN': r'\(',  
    'RPAREN': r'\)',  
    'PLUS': r'\+',  
    'MINUS': r'-',  
    'MULTIPLY': r'\*',  
    'DIVIDE': r'/',  
    'EQUALS': r'==',  
    'GREATER': r'>',  
    'LESS': r'<',  
    'IF': r'if',  
    'ELIF': r'elif',  
    'ELSE': r'else',  
    'FOR': r'for',  
    'IN': r'in',  
    'PRINT': r'print',  
}  
  
# Grammar rules with regex patterns  
GRAMMAR = [  
    r'\s+', # Ignored tokens  
    r';;[^\n]*\n', # Multi-line comments  
    r'(?P<if>if)\s+Name\s*==*\s*[01]\s*(:?P|(?P<elif>elif)\s+Name\s*==*\s*[01])*\s*(else\s*(:?P<else>.*))?$', # If/elif/else statements  
    r'(?P<for>for)\s+Identifier\s+in\s+[01]*\s*(:?P<loop>.*)?$', # For loop statements  
    r'(?P<statement>print)\s+(?P<expression>Expression|Variable)\s*$', # Print statements  
    r'(?P<expression>(?P<number>Number|(?P<name>Name)\s*(?P<binop>[\+\-\*/])(?P<factor>Factor))|(?P<factor2>Factor\s*(?P<binop2>[<>]+)\s*(?P<factor3>Factor))'),  
]  
  
class Interpreter:  
    def __init__(self):  
        self.variables = {}  
        self.functions = {}  
      
    def evaluate(self, code):  
        for line in code.split('\n'):  
            if line.startswith('def '):  
                # Define a function  
                name, expression = line.split(' def ', 1)  
                self.functions[name[4:-1]] = self.evaluate_expression(expression)  
            elif line.startswith('print'):  
                # Print statement  
                expression = line.split()[1]  
                print(self.evaluate_expression(expression))  
            elif 'if' in line:  
                # If statement  
                if_parts = line.split(' if ')  
                if len(if_parts) > 1:  
                    condition = self.evaluate_expression(if_parts[1])  
                    if eval(condition):  
                        exec(if_parts[0])  
            elif 'for' in line:  
                # For loop statement  
                for_parts = line.split(' for ')  
                variable = for_parts[0].split()[-1]  
                sequence = eval(for_parts[1])  
                exec(f"for {variable} in sequence:")  
                loop_body = for_parts[2]  
                exec(loop_body)  
            else:  
                # Execute any other statements  
                exec(line)  
      
    def evaluate_expression(self, expression):  
        # Evaluate a binary expression tree or call a function  
        parts = expression.split()  
        if len(parts) == 1: # Variable or number  
            return self.get_value(parts[0]) if '.' not in parts[0] else float(parts[0])  
        else: # Binary operator or function call  
            left = self.evaluate_expression(parts[0])  
            right = self.evaluate_expression(parts[2] if parts[1] in ['+', '-'] else parts[1])  
            if parts[1] == '+': return left + right  
            elif parts[1] == '-': return left - right  
            elif parts[1] == '*': return left * right  
            elif parts[1] == '/': return left / right if right != 0 else 0 
            elif parts[1] == '%': return left % right
            elif parts[1] == '**': return pow(left, right)
            elif parts[0] in self.functions:
                return self.functions[parts[0]](*[self.evaluate_expression(p) for p in parts[2:]])
            else:
                raise ValueError(f"Unknown operator or function: {parts[1]}")

    def get_value(self, name):  
        return self.variables.get(name, None)

这是一个非常简单的Python解释器，能够解释简单的数学表达式以及变量赋值等操作。它通过词法分析和语法分析来解析并执行代码。需要注意的是，这个解释器并不完全，还有很多特性和语法没有实现，例如异常处理、列表和元组等数据结构、函数参数传递方式、模块导入等。如果需要构建一个更加完整和健壮的解释器，还需要对编译原理和Python语言规范有更深入的了解。