一、介绍
使用传统JDK自带的URLConnection是有些不方便的。所以我们使用HttpClient
。
HttpClient
是 Apache Jakarta Common
下的子项目,可以用来提供高效的、最新的、功能丰富的支持 HTTP 协议的客户端编程工具包,并且它支持 HTTP 协议最新的版本和建议。
二、导入依赖
<!--=============HttpUtils Start=============-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
<artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
<version>4.2.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
<artifactId>httpcore</artifactId>
<version>4.2.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-lang</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-lang</artifactId>
<version>2.6</version>
</dependency>
<!--=============HttpUtils END=============-->
三、工具类
package com.wx.util;
/**
* @author :LiuShihao
* @date :Created in 2020/10/19 3:41 下午
* @desc :
*/
import org.apache.commons.lang.StringUtils;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpDelete;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPut;
import org.apache.http.conn.ClientConnectionManager;
import org.apache.http.conn.scheme.Scheme;
import org.apache.http.conn.scheme.SchemeRegistry;
import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLSocketFactory;
import org.apache.http.entity.ByteArrayEntity;
import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;
import javax.net.ssl.TrustManager;
import javax.net.ssl.X509TrustManager;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import java.security.KeyManagementException;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
public class HttpUtils {
/**
* get
*
* @param host
* @param path
* @param headers
* @param querys
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
public static HttpResponse doGet(String host, String path,
Map<String, String> headers,
Map<String, String> querys)
throws Exception {
HttpClient httpClient = wrapClient(host);
HttpGet request = new HttpGet(buildUrl(host, path, querys));
for (Map.Entry<String, String> e : headers.entrySet()) {
request.addHeader(e.getKey(), e.getValue());
}
return httpClient.execute(request);
}
/**
* post form 表单形式
*
* @param host
* @param path
* @param headers
* @param querys
* @param bodys
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
public static HttpResponse doPost(String host, String path,
Map<String, String> headers,
Map<String, String> querys,
Map<String, String> bodys)
throws Exception {
HttpClient httpClient = wrapClient(host);
HttpPost request = new HttpPost(buildUrl(host, path, querys));
for (Map.Entry<String, String> e : headers.entrySet()) {
request.addHeader(e.getKey(), e.getValue());
}
if (bodys != null) {
List<NameValuePair> nameValuePairList = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
for (String key : bodys.keySet()) {
nameValuePairList.add(new BasicNameValuePair(key, bodys.get(key)));
}
UrlEncodedFormEntity formEntity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(nameValuePairList, "utf-8");
formEntity.setContentType("application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8");
request.setEntity(formEntity);
}
return httpClient.execute(request);
}
/**
* Post String 参数形式
*
* @param host
* @param path
* @param headers
* @param querys
* @param body
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
public static HttpResponse doPost(String host, String path,
Map<String, String> headers,
Map<String, String> querys,
String body)
throws Exception {
HttpClient httpClient = wrapClient(host);
HttpPost request = new HttpPost(buildUrl(host, path, querys));
for (Map.Entry<String, String> e : headers.entrySet()) {
request.addHeader(e.getKey(), e.getValue());
}
if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(body)) {
request.setEntity(new StringEntity(body, "utf-8"));
}
return httpClient.execute(request);
}
/**
* Post stream
*
* @param host
* @param path
* @param headers
* @param querys
* @param body
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
public static HttpResponse doPost(String host, String path,
Map<String, String> headers,
Map<String, String> querys,
byte[] body)
throws Exception {
HttpClient httpClient = wrapClient(host);
HttpPost request = new HttpPost(buildUrl(host, path, querys));
for (Map.Entry<String, String> e : headers.entrySet()) {
request.addHeader(e.getKey(), e.getValue());
}
if (body != null) {
request.setEntity(new ByteArrayEntity(body));
}
return httpClient.execute(request);
}
/**
* Put String
* @param host
* @param path
* @param headers
* @param querys
* @param body
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
public static HttpResponse doPut(String host, String path,
Map<String, String> headers,
Map<String, String> querys,
String body)
throws Exception {
HttpClient httpClient = wrapClient(host);
HttpPut request = new HttpPut(buildUrl(host, path, querys));
for (Map.Entry<String, String> e : headers.entrySet()) {
request.addHeader(e.getKey(), e.getValue());
}
if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(body)) {
request.setEntity(new StringEntity(body, "utf-8"));
}
return httpClient.execute(request);
}
/**
* Put stream
* @param host
* @param path
* @param headers
* @param querys
* @param body
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
public static HttpResponse doPut(String host, String path,
Map<String, String> headers,
Map<String, String> querys,
byte[] body)
throws Exception {
HttpClient httpClient = wrapClient(host);
HttpPut request = new HttpPut(buildUrl(host, path, querys));
for (Map.Entry<String, String> e : headers.entrySet()) {
request.addHeader(e.getKey(), e.getValue());
}
if (body != null) {
request.setEntity(new ByteArrayEntity(body));
}
return httpClient.execute(request);
}
/**
* Delete
*
* @param host
* @param path
* @param headers
* @param querys
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
public static HttpResponse doDelete(String host, String path,
Map<String, String> headers,
Map<String, String> querys)
throws Exception {
HttpClient httpClient = wrapClient(host);
HttpDelete request = new HttpDelete(buildUrl(host, path, querys));
for (Map.Entry<String, String> e : headers.entrySet()) {
request.addHeader(e.getKey(), e.getValue());
}
return httpClient.execute(request);
}
private static String buildUrl(String host, String path, Map<String, String> querys) throws UnsupportedEncodingException {
StringBuilder sbUrl = new StringBuilder();
sbUrl.append(host);
if (!StringUtils.isBlank(path)) {
sbUrl.append(path);
}
if (null != querys) {
StringBuilder sbQuery = new StringBuilder();
for (Map.Entry<String, String> query : querys.entrySet()) {
if (0 < sbQuery.length()) {
sbQuery.append("&");
}
if (StringUtils.isBlank(query.getKey()) && !StringUtils.isBlank(query.getValue())) {
sbQuery.append(query.getValue());
}
if (!StringUtils.isBlank(query.getKey())) {
sbQuery.append(query.getKey());
if (!StringUtils.isBlank(query.getValue())) {
sbQuery.append("=");
sbQuery.append(URLEncoder.encode(query.getValue(), "utf-8"));
}
}
}
if (0 < sbQuery.length()) {
sbUrl.append("?").append(sbQuery);
}
}
return sbUrl.toString();
}
private static HttpClient wrapClient(String host) {
HttpClient httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient();
if (host.startsWith("https://")) {
sslClient(httpClient);
}
return httpClient;
}
private static void sslClient(HttpClient httpClient) {
try {
SSLContext ctx = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");
X509TrustManager tm = new X509TrustManager() {
@Override
public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
return null;
}
@Override
public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] xcs, String str) {
}
@Override
public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] xcs, String str) {
}
};
ctx.init(null, new TrustManager[] { tm }, null);
SSLSocketFactory ssf = new SSLSocketFactory(ctx);
ssf.setHostnameVerifier(SSLSocketFactory.ALLOW_ALL_HOSTNAME_VERIFIER);
ClientConnectionManager ccm = httpClient.getConnectionManager();
SchemeRegistry registry = ccm.getSchemeRegistry();
registry.register(new Scheme("https", 443, ssf));
} catch (KeyManagementException ex) {
throw new RuntimeException(ex);
} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException ex) {
throw new RuntimeException(ex);
}
}
}
四、使用方式
静态方法直接通过类名调用
GET方式
/**
* 获取acces_token
* https请求方式: GET
* https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/token?grant_type=client_credential&appid=APPID&secret=APPSECRET
* @return
*/
public static String getWXToken() throws Exception {
final String host = "https://api.weixin.qq.com";
final String appID = "wx4959a20a2as31b3fc";
final String appsecret = "d0e97bd7bse270bc400734e385eb1ad0e";
final String path = "/cgi-bin/token";
final String replace = path.replace("APPID", appID).replace("APPSECRET", appsecret);
Map<String, String> headers = new HashMap<String, String>();
Map<String, String> querys = new HashMap<String, String>();
querys.put("grant_type","client_credential");
querys.put("appid",appID);
querys.put("secret",appsecret);
HttpResponse httpResponse = HttpUtils.doGet(host, replace, headers, querys);
String s = EntityUtils.toString(httpResponse.getEntity());
JSONObject jsonObject = JSON.parseObject(s);
String access_token = jsonObject.getString("access_token");
return access_token;
}
POST方式
JSON形式
/**
* 获得二维码的ticket
* 临时二维码请求说明
* http请求方式: POST URL: https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/qrcode/create?access_token=TOKEN
* {"ticket":"gQGz8DwAAAAAAAAAAS5odHRwOi8vd2VpeGluLnFxLmNvbS9xLzAycUZUUGhsOXZmakUxUURhN052Y2gAAgSnD75fAwSAOgkA","expire_seconds":604800,"url":"http:\/\/weixin.qq.com\/q\/02qFTPhl9vfjE1QDa7Nvch"}
* @return
*/
public String getQRCodeTicket() throws Exception {
String host = "https://api.weixin.qq.com";
String path = "/cgi-bin/qrcode/create";
String token = WXServiceImpl.getWXToken();
Map<String, String> headers = new HashMap<String, String>();
Map<String, String> querys = new HashMap<String, String>();
querys.put("access_token",token);
String data= "{\"expire_seconds\": 604800, \"action_name\": \"QR_STR_SCENE\", \"action_info\": {\"scene\": {\"scene_str\": \"lsh\"}}}";
HttpResponse httpResponse = HttpUtils.doPost(host, path, headers, querys, data);
String respJsonStr = EntityUtils.toString(httpResponse.getEntity());
JSONObject jsonObject = JSON.parseObject(respJsonStr);
System.out.println("jsonObject:"+jsonObject);
String ticket = (String)jsonObject.get("ticket");
return ticket;
}