HttpClient工具类的使用

一、介绍

使用传统JDK自带的URLConnection是有些不方便的。所以我们使用HttpClient
HttpClientApache Jakarta Common 下的子项目,可以用来提供高效的、最新的、功能丰富的支持 HTTP 协议的客户端编程工具包,并且它支持 HTTP 协议最新的版本和建议。

二、导入依赖

        <!--=============HttpUtils  Start=============-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
            <artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
            <version>4.2.1</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
            <artifactId>httpcore</artifactId>
            <version>4.2.1</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-lang</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-lang</artifactId>
            <version>2.6</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--=============HttpUtils  END=============-->

三、工具类

package com.wx.util;

/**
 * @author :LiuShihao
 * @date :Created in 2020/10/19 3:41 下午
 * @desc :
 */

import org.apache.commons.lang.StringUtils;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpDelete;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPut;
import org.apache.http.conn.ClientConnectionManager;
import org.apache.http.conn.scheme.Scheme;
import org.apache.http.conn.scheme.SchemeRegistry;
import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLSocketFactory;
import org.apache.http.entity.ByteArrayEntity;
import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;

import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;
import javax.net.ssl.TrustManager;
import javax.net.ssl.X509TrustManager;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import java.security.KeyManagementException;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

public class HttpUtils {

    /**
     * get
     *
     * @param host
     * @param path
     * @param headers
     * @param querys
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static HttpResponse doGet(String host, String path,
                                     Map<String, String> headers,
                                     Map<String, String> querys)
            throws Exception {
        HttpClient httpClient = wrapClient(host);

        HttpGet request = new HttpGet(buildUrl(host, path, querys));
        for (Map.Entry<String, String> e : headers.entrySet()) {
            request.addHeader(e.getKey(), e.getValue());
        }

        return httpClient.execute(request);
    }

    /**
     * post form   表单形式
     *
     * @param host
     * @param path
     * @param headers
     * @param querys
     * @param bodys
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static HttpResponse doPost(String host, String path,
                                      Map<String, String> headers,
                                      Map<String, String> querys,
                                      Map<String, String> bodys)
            throws Exception {
        HttpClient httpClient = wrapClient(host);

        HttpPost request = new HttpPost(buildUrl(host, path, querys));
        for (Map.Entry<String, String> e : headers.entrySet()) {
            request.addHeader(e.getKey(), e.getValue());
        }

        if (bodys != null) {
            List<NameValuePair> nameValuePairList = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();

            for (String key : bodys.keySet()) {
                nameValuePairList.add(new BasicNameValuePair(key, bodys.get(key)));
            }
            UrlEncodedFormEntity formEntity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(nameValuePairList, "utf-8");
            formEntity.setContentType("application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8");
            request.setEntity(formEntity);
        }

        return httpClient.execute(request);
    }

    /**
     * Post String   参数形式
     *
     * @param host
     * @param path
     * @param headers
     * @param querys
     * @param body
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static HttpResponse doPost(String host, String path,
                                      Map<String, String> headers,
                                      Map<String, String> querys,
                                      String body)
            throws Exception {
        HttpClient httpClient = wrapClient(host);

        HttpPost request = new HttpPost(buildUrl(host, path, querys));
        for (Map.Entry<String, String> e : headers.entrySet()) {
            request.addHeader(e.getKey(), e.getValue());
        }

        if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(body)) {
            request.setEntity(new StringEntity(body, "utf-8"));
        }

        return httpClient.execute(request);
    }

    /**
     * Post stream
     *
     * @param host
     * @param path
     * @param headers
     * @param querys
     * @param body
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static HttpResponse doPost(String host, String path,
                                      Map<String, String> headers,
                                      Map<String, String> querys,
                                      byte[] body)
            throws Exception {
        HttpClient httpClient = wrapClient(host);

        HttpPost request = new HttpPost(buildUrl(host, path, querys));
        for (Map.Entry<String, String> e : headers.entrySet()) {
            request.addHeader(e.getKey(), e.getValue());
        }

        if (body != null) {
            request.setEntity(new ByteArrayEntity(body));
        }

        return httpClient.execute(request);
    }

    /**
     * Put String
     * @param host
     * @param path
     * @param headers
     * @param querys
     * @param body
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static HttpResponse doPut(String host, String path,
                                     Map<String, String> headers,
                                     Map<String, String> querys,
                                     String body)
            throws Exception {
        HttpClient httpClient = wrapClient(host);

        HttpPut request = new HttpPut(buildUrl(host, path, querys));
        for (Map.Entry<String, String> e : headers.entrySet()) {
            request.addHeader(e.getKey(), e.getValue());
        }

        if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(body)) {
            request.setEntity(new StringEntity(body, "utf-8"));
        }

        return httpClient.execute(request);
    }

    /**
     * Put stream
     * @param host
     * @param path
     * @param headers
     * @param querys
     * @param body
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static HttpResponse doPut(String host, String path,
                                     Map<String, String> headers,
                                     Map<String, String> querys,
                                     byte[] body)
            throws Exception {
        HttpClient httpClient = wrapClient(host);

        HttpPut request = new HttpPut(buildUrl(host, path, querys));
        for (Map.Entry<String, String> e : headers.entrySet()) {
            request.addHeader(e.getKey(), e.getValue());
        }

        if (body != null) {
            request.setEntity(new ByteArrayEntity(body));
        }

        return httpClient.execute(request);
    }

    /**
     * Delete
     *
     * @param host
     * @param path
     * @param headers
     * @param querys
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static HttpResponse doDelete(String host, String path,
                                        Map<String, String> headers,
                                        Map<String, String> querys)
            throws Exception {
        HttpClient httpClient = wrapClient(host);

        HttpDelete request = new HttpDelete(buildUrl(host, path, querys));
        for (Map.Entry<String, String> e : headers.entrySet()) {
            request.addHeader(e.getKey(), e.getValue());
        }

        return httpClient.execute(request);
    }

    private static String buildUrl(String host, String path, Map<String, String> querys) throws UnsupportedEncodingException {
        StringBuilder sbUrl = new StringBuilder();
        sbUrl.append(host);
        if (!StringUtils.isBlank(path)) {
            sbUrl.append(path);
        }
        if (null != querys) {
            StringBuilder sbQuery = new StringBuilder();
            for (Map.Entry<String, String> query : querys.entrySet()) {
                if (0 < sbQuery.length()) {
                    sbQuery.append("&");
                }
                if (StringUtils.isBlank(query.getKey()) && !StringUtils.isBlank(query.getValue())) {
                    sbQuery.append(query.getValue());
                }
                if (!StringUtils.isBlank(query.getKey())) {
                    sbQuery.append(query.getKey());
                    if (!StringUtils.isBlank(query.getValue())) {
                        sbQuery.append("=");
                        sbQuery.append(URLEncoder.encode(query.getValue(), "utf-8"));
                    }
                }
            }
            if (0 < sbQuery.length()) {
                sbUrl.append("?").append(sbQuery);
            }
        }

        return sbUrl.toString();
    }

    private static HttpClient wrapClient(String host) {
        HttpClient httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient();
        if (host.startsWith("https://")) {
            sslClient(httpClient);
        }

        return httpClient;
    }

    private static void sslClient(HttpClient httpClient) {
        try {
            SSLContext ctx = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");
            X509TrustManager tm = new X509TrustManager() {
                @Override
                public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
                    return null;
                }
                @Override
                public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] xcs, String str) {

                }
                @Override
                public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] xcs, String str) {

                }
            };
            ctx.init(null, new TrustManager[] { tm }, null);
            SSLSocketFactory ssf = new SSLSocketFactory(ctx);
            ssf.setHostnameVerifier(SSLSocketFactory.ALLOW_ALL_HOSTNAME_VERIFIER);
            ClientConnectionManager ccm = httpClient.getConnectionManager();
            SchemeRegistry registry = ccm.getSchemeRegistry();
            registry.register(new Scheme("https", 443, ssf));
        } catch (KeyManagementException ex) {
            throw new RuntimeException(ex);
        } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException ex) {
            throw new RuntimeException(ex);
        }
    }
}

四、使用方式

静态方法直接通过类名调用

GET方式

在这里插入图片描述

    /**
     * 获取acces_token
     * https请求方式: GET
     * https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/token?grant_type=client_credential&appid=APPID&secret=APPSECRET
     * @return
     */
    public static String getWXToken() throws Exception {
        final String host = "https://api.weixin.qq.com";
        final String appID = "wx4959a20a2as31b3fc";
        final String appsecret = "d0e97bd7bse270bc400734e385eb1ad0e";
        final String path = "/cgi-bin/token";
        final String replace = path.replace("APPID", appID).replace("APPSECRET", appsecret);
        Map<String, String> headers = new HashMap<String, String>();
        Map<String, String> querys = new HashMap<String, String>();
        querys.put("grant_type","client_credential");
        querys.put("appid",appID);
        querys.put("secret",appsecret);
        HttpResponse httpResponse = HttpUtils.doGet(host, replace, headers, querys);
        String s = EntityUtils.toString(httpResponse.getEntity());
        JSONObject jsonObject = JSON.parseObject(s);
        String access_token = jsonObject.getString("access_token");
        return access_token;
    }

POST方式

JSON形式
在这里插入图片描述

/**
     * 获得二维码的ticket
     * 临时二维码请求说明
     * http请求方式: POST URL: https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/qrcode/create?access_token=TOKEN
     * {"ticket":"gQGz8DwAAAAAAAAAAS5odHRwOi8vd2VpeGluLnFxLmNvbS9xLzAycUZUUGhsOXZmakUxUURhN052Y2gAAgSnD75fAwSAOgkA","expire_seconds":604800,"url":"http:\/\/weixin.qq.com\/q\/02qFTPhl9vfjE1QDa7Nvch"}
     * @return
     */
    public  String getQRCodeTicket() throws Exception {
        String host = "https://api.weixin.qq.com";
        String path = "/cgi-bin/qrcode/create";
        String token = WXServiceImpl.getWXToken();
        Map<String, String> headers = new HashMap<String, String>();
        Map<String, String> querys = new HashMap<String, String>();
        querys.put("access_token",token);
        String data= "{\"expire_seconds\": 604800, \"action_name\": \"QR_STR_SCENE\", \"action_info\": {\"scene\": {\"scene_str\": \"lsh\"}}}";
        HttpResponse httpResponse = HttpUtils.doPost(host, path, headers, querys, data);
        String respJsonStr = EntityUtils.toString(httpResponse.getEntity());
        JSONObject jsonObject = JSON.parseObject(respJsonStr);
        System.out.println("jsonObject:"+jsonObject);
        String ticket = (String)jsonObject.get("ticket");

        return ticket;
    }
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