k8s安装教程

1. 关闭防火墙

systemctl stop firewalld.service
systemctl disable firewalld.service

2. 配置yum源

sudo yum install -y yum-utils
sudo yum-config-manager \
--add-repo \
http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo

3. 安装docker

yum install -y docker-ce-20.10.7 docker-ce-cli-20.10.7  containerd.io-1.4.6

4. 启动

systemctl enable docker --now

5. 配置加速

这里额外添加了docker的生产环境核心配置cgroup

sudo mkdir -p /etc/docker
sudo tee /etc/docker/daemon.json <<-'EOF'
{
  "registry-mirrors": [
    "https://bjtzu1jb.mirror.aliyuncs.com",
    "http://f1361db2.m.daocloud.io",
    "https://hub-mirror.c.163.com",
    "https://docker.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn",
    "https://reg-mirror.qiniu.com",
    "https://dockerhub.azk8s.cn",
    "https://registry.docker-cn.com"
  ],
  "exec-opts": ["native.cgroupdriver=systemd"],
  "log-driver": "json-file",
  "log-opts": {
    "max-size": "100m"
  },
  "storage-driver": "overlay2"
}
EOF
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl restart docker

6. k8s基础环境

#各个机器设置自己的域名
hostnamectl set-hostname xxxx


# 将 SELinux 设置为 permissive 模式（相当于将其禁用）
sudo setenforce 0
sudo sed -i 's/^SELINUX=enforcing$/SELINUX=permissive/' /etc/selinux/config

#关闭swap
swapoff -a  
sed -ri 's/.*swap.*/#&/' /etc/fstab

#允许 iptables 检查桥接流量
cat <<EOF | sudo tee /etc/modules-load.d/k8s.conf
br_netfilter
EOF

cat <<EOF | sudo tee /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
EOF
sudo sysctl --system

7. 安装kubelet、kubeadm、kubectl

cat <<EOF | sudo tee /etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo
[kubernetes]
name=Kubernetes
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
repo_gpgcheck=0
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/yum-key.gpg
   http://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/rpm-package-key.gpg
exclude=kubelet kubeadm kubectl
EOF


sudo yum install -y kubelet-1.20.9 kubeadm-1.20.9 kubectl-1.20.9 --disableexcludes=kubernetes

sudo systemctl enable --now kubelet

8. 下载各个机器需要的镜像

sudo tee ./images.sh <<-'EOF'
#!/bin/bash
images=(
kube-apiserver:v1.20.9
kube-proxy:v1.20.9
kube-controller-manager:v1.20.9
kube-scheduler:v1.20.9
coredns:1.7.0
etcd:3.4.13-0
pause:3.2
)
for imageName in ${images[@]} ; do
docker pull registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/lfy_k8s_images/$imageName
done
EOF
   
chmod +x ./images.sh && ./images.sh

9.  初始化主节点

# 配置访问域名
cat >> /etc/hosts << EOF
192.168.xxx.20 cluster-endpoint
192.168.xxx.21 node1
192.168.xxx.22 node2
EOF

# 三个网段不可相同
kubeadm init \
--apiserver-advertise-address=192.168.xxx.20 \ # master 节点ip
--control-plane-endpoint=cluster-endpoint \
--image-repository registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/lfy_k8s_images \
--kubernetes-version v1.20.9 \
--service-cidr=10.96.0.0/16 \
--pod-network-cidr=10.124.0.0/16 # 原192.168.0.0/16 这里更改后calico.yaml 里面ip 需要更改

成功后会返回成功信息

To start using your cluster, you need to run the following as a regular user:

  mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
  sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
  sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config

Alternatively, if you are the root user, you can run:

  export KUBECONFIG=/etc/kubernetes/admin.conf

You should now deploy a pod network to the cluster.
Run "kubectl apply -f [podnetwork].yaml" with one of the options listed at:
  https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/cluster-administration/addons/

You can now join any number of control-plane nodes by copying certificate authorities
and service account keys on each node and then running the following as root:

  kubeadm join cluster-endpoint:6443 *** --control-plane 

Then you can join any number of worker nodes by running the following on each as root:

kubeadm join cluster-endpoint:6443 ***

10. 开启主节点

mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config

11. 安装网络组件（calico.yaml）

通过 https://projectcalico.docs.tigera.io/archive/v3.20/getting-started/kubernetes/requirements 查看对应calico版本

# 下载对应版本
# curl https://docs.projectcalico.org/manifests/calico.yaml -O
curl https://docs.projectcalico.org/v3.20/manifests/calico.yaml -O

如果修改了 pod-network-cidr 就要修改calico.yaml 文件 修改并放开ip

kubectl apply -f calico.yaml

12. 添加 worker 节点

当 calico.yaml 安装启动成功后，添加worker 节点

kubeadm join cluster-endpoint:6443 --token *******

13. 常用命令

#查看集群所有节点

kubectl get nodes

#根据配置文件，给集群创建资源

kubectl apply -f xxxx.yaml

#查看集群部署了哪些应用

kubectl get pods -A