Complete Binary Search Tree

E9_E7

于 2022-05-22 20:18:09 发布

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文章标签：蓝桥杯 c++ 算法

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/E9_E7/article/details/124915521

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A Binary Search Tree (BST) is recursively defined as a binary tree which has the following properties:

The left subtree of a node contains only nodes with keys less than the node's key.
The right subtree of a node contains only nodes with keys greater than or equal to the node's key.
Both the left and right subtrees must also be binary search trees.
A Complete Binary Tree (CBT) is a tree that is completely filled, with the possible exception of the bottom level, which is filled from left to right.

Now given a sequence of distinct non-negative integer keys, a unique BST can be constructed if it is required that the tree must also be a CBT. You are supposed to output the level order traversal sequence of this BST.

Input Specification:

Each input file contains one test case. For each case, the first line contains a positive integer N (≤1000). Then N distinct non-negative integer keys are given in the next line. All the numbers in a line are separated by a space and are no greater than 2000.

Output Specification:

For each test case, print in one line the level order traversal sequence of the corresponding complete binary search tree. All the numbers in a line must be separated by a space, and there must be no extra space at the end of the line.

Sample Input:
```
10
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0
```
Sample Output:
```
6 3 8 1 5 7 9 0 2 4
```

思路分析：

需要实现一个完全二叉搜索树，显然完全二叉搜索树可以通过数组来实现，所以我们将所有输入元素存入数组。

anlist=new int[N+1];
    for(int i=1;i<=N;i++)
    {
        cin>>arrylist[i];
    }

在这里我们使用插入法来建立二叉搜索树，先将原数组按从小到大排序，按照二叉树的结构，连续相邻的三个数（从小到大），应该是左孩子 —根节点— 右孩子所以插入数组的位置就应该是 2*i—i—i*2+1。

    inser(root*2);                      //递归左子树
    anlist[root]=arrylist[Count++];
    inser(root*2+1);                    //递归右子树

最后递归执行即可得到结果

完整代码：

#include<iostream>
#include<algorithm>
using namespace std;
int* arrylist=NULL;
int* anlist=NULL;
int Count=1;                            //记录插到第几个元素了
int N;
void inser(int root)
{
    if(root>N)
    {
        return;
    }
    inser(root*2);                      //递归左子树
    anlist[root]=arrylist[Count++];
    inser(root*2+1);                    //递归右子树
    return;
}
int main()
{
    cin>>N;
    arrylist=new int[N+1];
    anlist=new int[N+1];
    for(int i=1;i<=N;i++)
    {
        cin>>arrylist[i];
    }
    sort(arrylist+1,arrylist+N+1);
    inser(1);
    for(int i=1;i<N;i++)
    {
        cout<<anlist[i]<<" ";
    }
    cout<<anlist[N];
}