SpringDataJPA - 1：快速入门

以下内容均以localhost数据库sql_demo为例，表名：user_demo

maven相关坐标

    <properties>
        <spring.version>5.0.2.RELEASE</spring.version>
        <hibernate.version>5.0.7.Final</hibernate.version>
        <slf4j.version>1.6.6</slf4j.version>
        <log4j.version>1.2.12</log4j.version>
        <c3p0.version>0.9.1.2</c3p0.version>
        <mysql.version>5.1.47</mysql.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.12</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
            <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
            <version>1.6.8</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- spring begin ... -->

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- spring 对 orm 框架的支持包-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- spring end -->

        <!-- hibernate beg ... -->

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
            <artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
            <version>${hibernate.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
            <artifactId>hibernate-entitymanager</artifactId>
            <version>${hibernate.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
            <artifactId>hibernate-validator</artifactId>
            <version>5.2.4.Final</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- hibernate end -->

        <!-- c3p0 begin ... -->

        <dependency>
            <groupId>c3p0</groupId>
            <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
            <version>${c3p0.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- c3p0 end -->

        <!-- log beg ... -->

        <dependency>
            <groupId>log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
            <version>${log4j.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
            <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
            <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- log end -->

        <!-- mysql beg ... -->

        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>${mysql.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- mysql end -->

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-data-jpa</artifactId>
            <version>2.2.1.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- el 使用 spring data dao 必须引用 beg ... -->

        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.el</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.el-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.2.4</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.glassfish.web</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.el</artifactId>
            <version>2.2.4</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- el end -->

    </dependencies>

核心配置文件：applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:jpa="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa"
       xmlns:task="http://www.springframework.org/schema/task"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.1.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.1.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/task http://www.springframework.org/schema/task/spring-task-3.0.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa/spring-jpa.xsd"
       default-lazy-init="true">

    <!-- spring 和 spring data jap 的配置 -->

    <!--1、创建entityManagerFactory对象交给spring容器管理 -->
    <bean id="entityManagerFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean">

        <!--数据源-->
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>

        <!--配置扫描的包路劲（实体类所在的包）-->
        <property name="packagesToScan" value="cn.libin.entity"></property>

        <!--jpa的实现厂家-->
        <property name="persistenceProvider">
            <bean class="org.hibernate.jpa.HibernatePersistenceProvider"/>
        </property>

        <!--jpa的供应商适配器-->
        <property name="jpaVendorAdapter">
            <bean class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaVendorAdapter">
                <!--是否自动创建数据库表-->
                <property name="generateDdl" value="false"/>
                <!--数据库类型-->
                <property name="database" value="MYSQL"/>
                <!--数据库方言：支持的特有语法-->
                <property name="databasePlatform" value="org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect"/>
                <!--是否显示sql-->
                <property name="showSql" value="true"/>
            </bean>
        </property>

        <!--jpa方言：高级的特性-->
        <property name="jpaDialect">
            <bean class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaDialect"/>
        </property>
    </bean>

    <!--2、创建数据库连接池-->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
        <property name="user" value="root"/>
        <property name="password" value="root"/>
        <property name="driverClass" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/sql_test?characterEncoding=utf8"/>
    </bean>

    <!--3、整合springDataJpa: 这里的base-package指的是持久层接口所在的包-->
    <jpa:repositories base-package="cn.libin.dao" transaction-manager-ref="transactionManager"
                      entity-manager-factory-ref="entityManagerFactory"/>



    <!--4、配置事物管理器 transactionManager-->
    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager">
        <property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="entityManagerFactory"/>
    </bean>

    <!--5、配置声明试事物-->
    <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
        <tx:attributes>
            <tx:method name="save*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
            <tx:method name="insert*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
            <tx:method name="update*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
            <tx:method name="delete*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
            <tx:method name="get*" read-only="true"/>
            <tx:method name="find*" read-only="true"/>
            <tx:method name="**" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
        </tx:attributes>
    </tx:advice>

<!--    <aop:config>
        <aop:pointcut id="pointcut" expression="execution(*cn.libin.service.*.*(..))"/>
        <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="pointcut"/>
    </aop:config>-->

    <!-- 开启注解事务 -->
<!--    <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" proxy-target-class="true" />-->

    <!--6、配置包扫描-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="cn.libin"/>

</beans>

实体类

/**
 * 1.实体类和表的映射关系
 * @Entity 实体类标识
 * @Table 实体类和表的映射
 * 2.类属性和表字段的映射关系
 * @Id 主键标识
 * @GeneratedValue 主键生成策略
 * @Column 类属性和表字段的映射
 */
@Entity
@Table(name = "user_demo")
public class UserDemo {

    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    @Column(name = "id")
    private Integer id;

    @Column(name = "email")
    private String email;

    @Column(name = "user_age")
    private Integer userAge;

    @Column(name = "user_name")
    private String userName;

    // 省略getter、setter、toString
}

DAO接口

/**
 * 需要符合SpringDataJpa dao层接口规范，继承以下两个接口并且提供泛型
 *      JpaRepository<操作的实体类类型，实体类中主键属性的类型>
 *          * 封装了基本的 CURD 操作
 *      JpaSpecificationExecutor<操作的实体类类型>
 *          * 封装了复杂查询（分页）
 */
public interface UserDemoDao extends JpaRepository<UserDemo, Integer>, JpaSpecificationExecutor<UserDemo> {
}

spring data jpa 简单查询

• findById(id)： 根据id查询
• save(T)：保存|更新，T为实体类对象，当实体类对象存在主键id，则执行更新，当实体类不存在主键id，则执行保存，一般的更新操作原则需要先更具id查询，然后再执行更新动作
• deleteById(id)：根据id删除
• findAll()：查询全部