C++8-1多态：复数加减乘除（运算符重载，静态多态性）

求两个复数的加减乘除。

要求使用c++ class编写程序。可以创建如下class

#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>
#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>

using namespace std;

class Complex {
public:
    Complex(double r = 0.0, double i = 0.0): real(r), imag(i) {}
    Complex operator+ (const Complex &c2) const;
    Complex operator- (const Complex &c2) const;

    /*实现下面三个函数*/
    Complex operator* (const Complex &c2) const;
    Complex operator/ (const Complex &c2) const;
    friend ostream & operator<< (ostream &out, const Complex &c);

private:
    double real;
    double imag;
};

Complex Complex::operator+ (const Complex &c2) const {
    return Complex(real + c2.real, imag + c2.imag);
}

Complex Complex::operator- (const Complex &c2) const {
    return Complex(real - c2.real, imag - c2.imag);
}

int main() {
    double real, imag;
    cin >> real >> imag;
    Complex c1(real, imag);
    cin >> real >> imag;
    Complex c2(real, imag); 
    cout << c1 + c2 << endl;
    cout << c1 - c2 << endl;
    cout << c1 * c2 << endl;
    cout << c1 / c2 << endl;
}

输入描述

第一行两个double类型数，表示第一个复数的实部虚部

第二行两个double类型数，表示第二个复数的实部虚部

输出描述

输出依次计算两个复数的加减乘除，一行一个结果

输出复数先输出实部，空格，然后是虚部

示例1:

输入：1 1 3 -1

输出：4 0 -2 2 4 2 0.2 0.4

#include<cstdio>
#include<cstring>
#include<iostream>
#include<algorithm>

using namespace std;

class Complex // 类
{
public:
    Complex(double r = 0.0, double i = 0.0):real(r), imag(i){}; // 构造函数初始化
    Complex operator+ (const Complex &c2) const; // 运算符重载声明
    Complex operator- (const Complex &c2) const;
    
    //实现下面三个函数，见类外
    Complex operator* (const Complex &c2) const;
    Complex operator/ (const Complex &c2) const;
    friend ostream & operator << (ostream &out, const Complex &c);

private:
    double real;
    double imag;
};

Complex Complex::operator+ (const Complex &c2) const{ // 重载运算符初始化
    return Complex(real + c2.real, imag + c2.imag);
}

Complex Complex::operator- (const Complex &c2) const{
    return Complex(real - c2.real, imag - c2.imag);
}

//实现类中声明的相应运算符重载函数
Complex Complex::operator* (const Complex &c2) const{ // 虚数乘法
    return Complex(real * c2.real - imag * c2.imag, imag * c2.real + real * c2.imag);
}

Complex Complex::operator/ (const Complex &c2) const{ // 虚数除法
     double a,b;
   a=(real*c2.real + imag*c2.imag) / (c2.real*c2.real + c2.imag*c2.imag);
   b=(imag*c2.real - real*c2.imag) / (c2.real*c2.real + c2.imag*c2.imag);  
   return Complex(a,b); // 这样写，效率比下面更高
   // return Complex((real * c2.real + imag * c2.imag) / (c2.real * c2.real + c2.imag * c2.imag), (imag * c2.real - real * c2.imag) / (c2.real * c2.real + c2.imag * c2.imag));
}

ostream & operator << (ostream &out, const Complex &c){
  out << c.real << " " << c.imag; // 按题意，此处不换行，因主函数中有endl
  return out;
}

int main() {
    double real, imag;
    cin >> real >> imag;
    Complex c1(real, imag);
    cin >> real >> imag;
    Complex c2(real, imag);
    cout << c1 + c2 << endl;
    cout << c1 - c2 << endl;
    cout << c1 * c2 << endl;
    cout << c1 / c2 << endl;
  return 0;
}