Java Basic-Input and Output

Objective: Learn how to store user input and how to print user input.

1. Scanner Class

Difference between next() and nextLine()

next():

• 1 Finds and returns the next complete token from this scanner.
• 2 Read the input only till the space. It can’t read two words separated by space. 
• 3 Places the cursor in the same line after reading the input.

nextLine()：

• 1 Reads input including space between the words (that is, it reads till the end of line n). Once the input is read, nextLine() positions the cursor in the next line.
• 2 Advances this scanner past the current line and returns the input that was skipped.
• 3 Can get spaces.

2. Why public?

That is because Java is invoked by JVM, if main() function wants to be invoked, must use public.

3. Why Static?

In Java, functions want to be invoked without "static", have to create an object. However, main() function is the entrance of program, it will be invoked before any other functions. That is why a main() function needs to use "Static" keyword. "Static" offers a way to invoke without creating an object.

4. Why (String[] args)?

args is an array which stores a series of commands in the main function when we see in JVM command. String args[] can also be used, but in practice, we use String[] args to avoid of misunderstood.