第十五周项目：范型程序

/*
 *Copyright(c)2016.烟台大学计算机学院
 *All right reserved.
 *文件名称：test.cpp
 *作者：黄金婵
 *完成日期：2016年6月24日
 *版本号：v1.0
 *
 *问题描述：
 *程序输入：
 *程序输出：
 */

#include <map>
#include <iostream>

using namespace std;


int main( )
{
    map <int, int> m1, m2, m3;
    map <int, int>::iterator m1_Iter;

    m1.insert ( pair <int, int>  ( 1, 10 ) );
    m1.insert ( pair <int, int>  ( 2, 20 ) );
    m1.insert ( pair <int, int>  ( 3, 30 ) );
    m2.insert ( pair <int, int>  ( 10, 100 ) );
    m2.insert ( pair <int, int>  ( 20, 200 ) );
    m3.insert ( pair <int, int>  ( 30, 300 ) );

    cout << "The original map m1 is:";
    for ( m1_Iter = m1.begin( ); m1_Iter != m1.end( ); m1_Iter++ )
        cout << " " << m1_Iter->second;
    cout   << "." << endl;

    // This is the member function version of swap
    //m2 is said to be the argument map; m1 the target map
    m1.swap( m2 );

    cout << "After swapping with m2, map m1 is:";
    for ( m1_Iter = m1.begin( ); m1_Iter != m1.end( ); m1_Iter++ )
        cout << " " << m1_Iter -> second;
    cout  << "." << endl;
    cout << "After swapping with m2, map m2 is:";
    for ( m1_Iter = m2.begin( ); m1_Iter != m2.end( ); m1_Iter++ )
        cout << " " << m1_Iter -> second;
    cout  << "." << endl;
    // This is the specialized template version of swap
    swap( m1, m3 );

    cout << "After swapping with m3, map m1 is:";
    for ( m1_Iter = m1.begin( ); m1_Iter != m1.end( ); m1_Iter++ )
        cout << " " << m1_Iter -> second;
    cout   << "." << endl;
    return 0;
}

知识点总结：

在构造map容器后，我们就往里面插入数据。用insert函数插入pair数据，用insert函数插入数据，在数据的插入上涉及到集合的唯一性这个概念，即当map中有这个关键字时，insert操作是插入数据不了的，但是用数组方式就不同了，它可以覆盖以前该关键字对应的值，用程序说明

 m1.insert ( pair <int, int>  ( 1, 10 ) );

 m1.insert ( pair <int, int>  ( 2, 20 ) );
 m1.insert ( pair <int, int>  ( 3, 30 ) );
 m2.insert ( pair <int, int>  ( 10, 100 ) );
 m2.insert ( pair <int, int>  ( 20, 200 ) );
 m3.insert ( pair <int, int>  ( 30, 300 ) );