Python--operator库中的attrgetter()和itemgetter()

Python--operator库中的attrgetter()和itemgetter()

原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/m0_38109046/article/details/85042607

• operator.attrgetter()

1. 返回：返回从其操作数获取attr的可调用对象。如果请求多个属性，则返回属性元组。

2. attrgetter()实现代码：官方标准库3.7

   1. def attrgetter(*items):

   2. if any(not isinstance(item, str) for item in items):

   3. raise TypeError('attribute name must be a string')

   4. if len(items) == 1:

   5. attr = items[0]

   6. def g(obj):

   7. return resolve_attr(obj, attr)

   8. else:

   9. def g(obj):

   10. return tuple(resolve_attr(obj, attr) for attr in items)

   11. return g

   12.  

   13. def resolve_attr(obj, attr):

   14. for name in attr.split("."):

   15. obj = getattr(obj, name)

   16. return obj

    

3. 示例：

   1. class Teacher():

   2. def __init__(self, name, salary, age):

   3. self.name = name

   4. self.age = age

   5. self.salary = salary

   6. def __repr__(self):

   7. return repr((self.name,self.age,self.salary))

   8.  

   9. teachers = [

   10. Teacher("A",1200,30),

   11. Teacher("B",1200,31),

   12. Teacher("C",1300,30)

   13. ]

   14.  

   15. from operator import attrgetter

   16. print(sorted(teachers,key=attrgetter("age"))) # 根据age排序

   17. print(sorted(teachers,key=attrgetter("salary","age"))) # 根据salary和age排序

   18.  

   19. 结果：

   20. [('A', 30, 1200), ('C', 30, 1300), ('B', 31, 1200)]

   21. [('A', 30, 1200), ('B', 31, 1200), ('C', 30, 1300)]

    

•  operator.itemgetter()

1. 返回一个可调用对象，该对象使用操作数的__getitem __（）方法从其操作数中获取项。如果指定了多个项，则返回一个查找值元组。

2. itemgetter()实现代码：官方标准库3.7

   1. def itemgetter(*items):

   2. if len(items) == 1:

   3. item = items[0]

   4. def g(obj):

   5. return obj[item]

   6. else:

   7. def g(obj):

   8. return tuple(obj[item] for item in items)

   9. return g

    

3.  示例：

   1. >>> itemgetter(1)('ABCDEFG')

   2. 'B'

   3. >>> itemgetter(1,3,5)('ABCDEFG')

   4. ('B', 'D', 'F')

   5. >>> itemgetter(slice(2,None))('ABCDEFG')

   6. 'CDEFG'

   7. >>> soldier = dict(rank='captain', name='dotterbart')

   8. >>> itemgetter('rank')(soldier)

   9. 'captain'

   10.  

   11. >>> inventory = [('apple', 3), ('banana', 2), ('pear', 5), ('orange', 1)]

   12. >>> getcount = itemgetter(1)

   13. >>> list(map(getcount, inventory))

   14. [3, 2, 5, 1]

   15. >>> sorted(inventory, key=getcount)

   16. [('orange', 1), ('banana', 2), ('apple', 3), ('pear', 5)]