第25周-window程序设计(基础篇)-第4章-滚动条

1、滚动条：

/*滚动条*/

SetScrollRange(hwnd,iBar,iMin,iMax,bRedraw);
//iBar为B_VERT或者SB_HORZ；想要Windows根据新范围重画滚动条，则设置bRedraw为TRUE。
SetScrollPos(hwnd,iBar,iPos,bRedraw);

Windows对滚动条的处理：
1、处理所有滚动条鼠标事件；
2、当使用者在滚动条内单击鼠标时，提供一种「反相显示」的闪烁；
3、当使用者在滚动条内拖动卷动方块时，移动卷动方块；
4、为包含滚动条窗口的窗口消息处理程序发送滚动条消息。

程序员的工作：
1、初始化滚动条的范围和位置；
2、处理窗口消息处理程序的滚动条消息；
3、更新滚动条内卷动方块的位置；
4、更改显示区域的内容以响应对滚动条的更改。

/*滚动条消息：Windows给窗口消息处理程序发送WM_VSCROLL（供上下移动）和WM_HSCROLL（供左右移动）消
息。wParam消息参数被分为一个低字组和一个高字组。wParam的低字组是一个数值，它指出了鼠标对滚动条进行的操作。这个数值被看作一个「通知码」。通知码的值由以SB（代表「scroll bar（滚动条）」）*/

/*WINUSER.H中定义的通知码：*/
#define SB_LINEUP 0
#define SB_LINELEFT 0
#define SB_LINEDOWN 1
#define SB_LINERIGHT 1
#define SB_PAGEUP 2
#define SB_PAGELEFT 2
#define SB_PAGEDOWN 3
#define SB_PAGERIGHT 3
#define SB_THUMBPOSITION 4
#define SB_THUMBTRACK 5
#define SB_TOP 6
#define SB_LEFT 6
#define SB_BOTTOM 7
#define SB_RIGHT 7
#define SB_ENDSCROLL 8


/*SYSMETS2.C:增加垂直卷动功能*/
#include<window.h>
#include"sysmets.h" //这个在哪里？
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND,UINT,WPARAM,LPARAM);
int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance,HINSTANCE PrevhInstance,
                PSTR szCmdLine,int iCmdShow)
{
  static TCHAR szAppName[] = TEXT("SysMets2");
  HWND hwnd ;
  MSG msg ;
  WNDCLASS wndclass ;
  wndclass.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;
  wndclass.lpfnWndProc = WndProc;
  wndclass.cbClsExtra = 0 ;
  wndclass.cbWndExtra = 0 ;
  wndclass.hInstance = hInstance;
  wndclass.hIcon = LoadIcon (NULL, IDI_APPLICATION) ;
  wndclass.hCursor = LoadCursor (NULL, IDC_ARROW) ;
  wndclass.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH) GetStockObject (WHITE_BRUSH) ;
  wndclass.lpszMenuName = NULL ;
  wndclass.lpszClassName = szAppName ;
  if (!RegisterClass (&wndclass))
{
  MessageBox (NULL, TEXT ("This program requires Windows NT!"),
  szAppName, MB_ICONERROR) ;
  return 0 ;
}
 hwnd = CreateWindow(szAppName,TEXT("Get System Metrics No.2"),
        WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW|WS_VSCROLL,// 窗口内定的样式和垂直滚动条
        CW_USEDEFAULT,CW_USEDEFAULT,
        CW_USEDEFAULT,CW_USEDEFAULT,
        NULL,NULL,hInstance,NULL);
  ShowWindow(hwnd,iCmdShow);
  UpdateWindow(hwnd);
  while(GetMessage(&msg,NULL,0,0))
   {
     TranslateMessage(&msg);
     DispatchMessage(&msg);
    }
   return msg.wParam;
  }

 LRESULE CALLBACK WinProc(HWND hwnd,UINT message,WPARAM wParam,LPARAM lParam)
 {
   static int cxChar,cxCaps,cyChar,cyClient,iVscrollPos; //iVscrollPos-滚动条内卷动方块的目前位置。
   HDC hdc;
   int i,y;
   PAINTSTRUCT ps;
   TCHAR szBuffer[10];
   TEXTMETRIC tm;
   
   swich(message);
   {
    case WM_CREATE:

      hdc = GetDC(hwnd);
      GetTextMetrics(hdc,&tm);
      cxChar = tm.tmAveCharWith;//平均水平宽度
      cxCaps = (tm.tmPitchAndFamily & 1 ? 3 : 2)*cxChar/2; //与&1得值为1时得3，即150%的cxChar.
      cyChar = tm.tmHeight + tm.tmExternalLeading; //高度
 
      ReleaseDC(hwnd,hdc);
      SetScrollRange(hwnd,SB_VERT,0,NUMLINES-1,FALSE); //滚动条范围
      SetScrollPos(hwnd,SB_VERT,iVscrollPos,TRUE); //滚动条位置
        return 0;

      case WM_SIZE:
        cyClient = HIWORD(lParam);
        return 0;
      case WM_VSCROLL:
        switch(LOWORD(wParam))

        {
           case SB_LINEUP:
             iVscrollPos -= 1;
             break;
           case SB_LINEDOWN:
             iVscrollPos += 1;
             break; 
           case SB_PAGEUP:
             iVscrollPos -=cyClient/cyChar;
             break;
           case SB_PAGEDOWN:
             iVscrollPos +=cyClient/cyChar;
             break;
           case SB_THUMBPOSITION:
             iVscrollPos =HIWORD(wParam);
             break;
           default:
             break;
    }
  iVscrollPos = max(0,min(iVscrollPos,NUMLINES-1));
  if(iVscrollPos != GetScrollPos(hwmd,SB_VERT))
   {
     SetScorllPos (hwnd,SB_VERT,iVscrollPos,TRUE);
     InvalidateRect (hwnd,NULL,TRUE);
    }
     return 0;

  case WM_PAINT:
  
    hdc = BeginPaint(hwnd,&ps);
    for(i=0;i<NUMLINES;i++)
     {
       y = cyChar*(i-iVscrollPos);
       TextOut(hdc,0,y,sysmetrics[i].szLabel,lstrlen(sysmetrics[i].szLabel));
       TextOut(hdc,22*cxCaps,y,sysmetrics[i].seDesc,lstrlen(sysmetrics[i].szDesc));
       SetTextAlign(hdc,TA_RIGHT|TA_TOP)
       TextOut(hdc,22*cxCaps + 40*cxChar,y,szBuffer,wsprintf(szBuffer,TEXT("%5d"),
                 GetSystemMetrics(sysmetrics[i].iIndex)));
       SetTextAlign(hdc,TA_LEFT|TA_TOP);
     }
       EndPaint(hwnd,&ps);
       return 0;

   case WM_DESTROY:
       
     PostQuitMessage(0);
     return 0;
  }
 return DefWindowProc(hwnd,message,wParam,lParam);
 }

注意：SYSMETS1在处理WM_PAINT消息时，每一行的y坐标计算公式为cyChar*i;SYSMETS2则公式为：cyChar*(i-iVscrollPos).

单词：drag thumb拖拽滑块、redraw刷新屏幕、track轨道或旅行、

可编译代码：

#if defined(UNICODE) && !defined(_UNICODE)
    #define _UNICODE
#elif defined(_UNICODE) && !defined(UNICODE)
    #define UNICODE
#endif

#include <tchar.h>
#include <windows.h>
#include"sysmets.h"

/*  Declare Windows procedure  */
LRESULT CALLBACK WindowProcedure (HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM);

/*  Make the class name into a global variable  */
TCHAR szClassName[ ] = _T("SysMets");

int WINAPI WinMain (HINSTANCE hThisInstance,
                     HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
                     LPSTR lpszArgument,
                     int nCmdShow)
{
    HWND hwnd;               /* This is the handle for our window */
    MSG messages;            /* Here messages to the application are saved */
    WNDCLASSEX wincl;        /* Data structure for the windowclass */

    /* The Window structure */
    wincl.hInstance = hThisInstance;
    wincl.lpszClassName = szClassName;
    wincl.lpfnWndProc = WindowProcedure;      /* This function is called by windows */
    wincl.style = CS_DBLCLKS;                 /* Catch double-clicks */
    wincl.cbSize = sizeof (WNDCLASSEX);

    /* Use default icon and mouse-pointer */
    wincl.hIcon = LoadIcon (NULL, IDI_APPLICATION);
    wincl.hIconSm = LoadIcon (NULL, IDI_APPLICATION);
    wincl.hCursor = LoadCursor (NULL, IDC_ARROW);
    wincl.lpszMenuName = NULL;                 /* No menu */
    wincl.cbClsExtra = 0;                      /* No extra bytes after the window class */
    wincl.cbWndExtra = 0;                      /* structure or the window instance */
    /* Use Windows's default colour as the background of the window */
    wincl.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH) COLOR_BACKGROUND;

    /* Register the window class, and if it fails quit the program */
    if (!RegisterClassEx (&wincl))
        return 0;

    /* The class is registered, let's create the program*/
    hwnd = CreateWindowEx (
           0,                   /* Extended possibilites for variation */
           szClassName,         /* Classname */
           _T("SysMets"),       /* Title Text */
           WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW|WS_VSCROLL, /* default window */
           CW_USEDEFAULT,       /* Windows decides the position */
           CW_USEDEFAULT,       /* where the window ends up on the screen */
           544,                 /* The programs width */
           375,                 /* and height in pixels */
           HWND_DESKTOP,        /* The window is a child-window to desktop */
           NULL,                /* No menu */
           hThisInstance,       /* Program Instance handler */
           NULL                 /* No Window Creation data */
           );

    /* Make the window visible on the screen */
    ShowWindow (hwnd, nCmdShow);

    /* Run the message loop. It will run until GetMessage() returns 0 */
    while (GetMessage (&messages, NULL, 0, 0))
    {
        /* Translate virtual-key messages into character messages */
        TranslateMessage(&messages);
        /* Send message to WindowProcedure */
        DispatchMessage(&messages);
    }

    /* The program return-value is 0 - The value that PostQuitMessage() gave */
    return messages.wParam;
}


/*  This function is called by the Windows function DispatchMessage()  */

LRESULT CALLBACK WindowProcedure (HWND hwnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
   static int cxChar,cxCaps,cyChar,cyClient,iVscrollPos; //iVscrollPos-滚动条内卷动方块的目前位置。
   HDC hdc;
   int i,y;
   PAINTSTRUCT ps;
   TCHAR szBuffer[10];
   TEXTMETRIC tm;

    switch (message)                  /* handle the messages */
    {
         case WM_CREATE:

      hdc = GetDC(hwnd);
      GetTextMetrics(hdc,&tm);
      cxChar = tm.tmAveCharWidth;//平均水平宽度
      cxCaps = (tm.tmPitchAndFamily & 1 ? 3 : 2)*cxChar/2; //与&1得值为1时得3，即150%的cxChar.
      cyChar = tm.tmHeight + tm.tmExternalLeading; //高度

      ReleaseDC(hwnd,hdc);
      SetScrollRange(hwnd,SB_VERT,0,NUMLINES-1,FALSE); //滚动条范围
      SetScrollPos(hwnd,SB_VERT,iVscrollPos,TRUE); //滚动条位置
        return 0;

      case WM_SIZE:
        cyClient = HIWORD(lParam);
        return 0;
      case WM_VSCROLL:

        switch(LOWORD(wParam))
          {
           case SB_LINEUP:
             iVscrollPos -= 1;
             break;
           case SB_LINEDOWN:
             iVscrollPos += 1;
             break;
           case SB_PAGEUP:
             iVscrollPos -=cyClient/cyChar;
             break;
           case SB_PAGEDOWN:
             iVscrollPos +=cyClient/cyChar;
             break;
           case SB_THUMBPOSITION:
             iVscrollPos =HIWORD(wParam);
             break;
           default:
             break;
    }
  iVscrollPos = max(0,min(iVscrollPos,NUMLINES-1));
  if(iVscrollPos != GetScrollPos(hwnd,SB_VERT))
   {
     SetScrollPos(hwnd,SB_VERT,iVscrollPos,TRUE);
     InvalidateRect(hwnd,NULL,TRUE);
    }
     return 0;

  case WM_PAINT:

    hdc = BeginPaint(hwnd,&ps);
    for(i=0;i<NUMLINES;i++)
     {
       y = cyChar*(i-iVscrollPos);
       TextOut(hdc,0,y,sysmetrics[i].szLabel,lstrlen(sysmetrics[i].szLabel));
       TextOut(hdc,22*cxCaps,y,sysmetrics[i].szDesc,lstrlen(sysmetrics[i].szDesc));
       SetTextAlign(hdc,TA_RIGHT|TA_TOP);
       TextOut(hdc,22*cxCaps + 40*cxChar,y,szBuffer,wsprintf(szBuffer,TEXT("%5d"),
                 GetSystemMetrics(sysmetrics[i].iIndex)));
       SetTextAlign(hdc,TA_LEFT|TA_TOP);
     }
       EndPaint(hwnd,&ps);
       return 0;

        case WM_DESTROY:
            PostQuitMessage (0);       /* send a WM_QUIT to the message queue */
            break;
        default:                      /* for messages that we don't deal with */
            return DefWindowProc (hwnd, message, wParam, lParam);
    }

    return 0;
}