灰度图像直方图的创建与灰度图像直方图的均衡化[代码与运行结果]

废话不多说，代码如下：

/*
假设我们读的都是8位的灰度图像
 */
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <cv.h>
#include <highgui.h>

/***************************************
bool generateHist(double* pdHist, int n)
功能：生成图像的灰度直方图
参数：IplImage* image: 要计算直方图的图片
	  double* pdHist: 输出的灰度直方图数组
      int n: 灰度直方图的灰度级数
返回值：true 成功，false 失败
****************************************/
bool generateHist(IplImage* image, double* pdHist, int n)
{
	if ((n <= 0) || (n > 256))
	{
		return false;
	}
	double divider = 256.0/(double)n;
	int width = image->width;
	int height = image->height;
	int i = 0;
	int j = 0;
	unsigned char* data = (unsigned char*)(image->imageData);
	unsigned char pixelByte;
	double square = width * height;

	memset(pdHist, 0, n*sizeof(double));
	//统计灰度级中每个像素在整幅图像中的个数
	for (i=0; i<height; i++)
	{
		for (j=0; j<height; j++)
		{
			pixelByte = data[i * image->widthStep + j];
			pdHist[(int)(pixelByte/divider)]++;
		}
	}
	
	for(i=0; i<n; i++)
	{
		pdHist[i] = pdHist[i]/square;
	}

	return true;
}

/**************************************
bool histEq(IplImage* image)
功能：图像的灰度直方图均衡化
参数：IplImage* image 要进行灰度直方图均衡化的图像指针
返回值：true 成功，false 失败
***************************************/
bool histEq(IplImage* image, IplImage* output)
{
	if (image == NULL || output == NULL) return false;
	if (image->depth != 8 || output->depth != 8) return false;
	if (cvGetSize(image).height != cvGetSize(output).height ||
		cvGetSize(image).width != cvGetSize(output).width) 
		return false;
	if (image->nChannels != 1 || output->nChannels != 1) return false;
	
	unsigned char pixelByte; //存储当前像素的灰度值
	int target; //存储当前像素的目标值
	double pdHist[256]; //存储灰度直方图
	double temp; //存储累加的直方图概率数据
	int i=0, j=0, k=0;
	unsigned char* data = (unsigned char*)(image->imageData);
	unsigned char* tData = (unsigned char*)(output->imageData);

	if (!generateHist(image, pdHist, 256))
	{
		return false;
	}
	for (i=0; i<image->height; i++)
	{
		for (j=0; j<image->width; j++)
		{
			temp = 0;
			pixelByte = data[i * image->widthStep + j];
			for (k=0; k<pixelByte; k++)
			{
				temp += *(pdHist+k);
			}
			target = 255 * temp;
			
			if (target < 0) target = 0;
			if (target > 255) target = 255;
			//写入目标图像
			tData[i * image->widthStep + j] = target;
		}
	}
	return true;
}

int main(int argc, char** argv)
{
	IplImage* srcImage = cvLoadImage("D:\\OpenCV\\opencv\\sources\\samples\\c\\airplane.jpg", 0);
	if (srcImage == NULL) return 1;

	cvNamedWindow("sourceImage");
	cvShowImage("sourceImage", srcImage);

	IplImage* bImage = cvCreateImage(cvGetSize(srcImage), 8, 1);
	if (srcImage == NULL) return 2;

	if (histEq(srcImage, bImage))
	{
		cvNamedWindow("histEqImage");
		cvShowImage("histEqImage", bImage);
	}else{
		printf("failed operation\n");
	}

	cvWaitKey(0);

	cvReleaseImage(&srcImage);
	cvReleaseImage(&bImage);
	cvDestroyWindow("sourceImage");
	cvDestroyWindow("histEqImage");

	return 0;
}

 然后直接上运行结果：